NORDITE2 Technology Programme

WIreless interference-Limited high-throughput

Access Technologies and applicatIons
(WILATI+)

Prof. Ove Edfors (Lund University, Sweden)

NORDITE Conference, Oslo, Norway
June 14, 2011
 Interference Limited Scenarios WILATI

Terminal cooperation
among multiple cells
BS BS

MS BS
Co-channel interference
reduction among multiple cells
Multiple access BS
in a single cell
(x,y,z) = ?
Broadcasting Terminal
in a single cell localization

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Project Organization & Focuses WILATI

Radio channels

? Rx
Tx ?
Rx

Lund Aalto
Network &
Applications
NTNU
d? M1 (x,y,z) =
(3.0,7.0,5.0) !
θ?
M2 (x,y,z) =
(1.0,4.0,2.0) !

Modem
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 Achievement 1 WILATI
• Established a dual-link MIMO channel sounder
Lund University Aalto University
receiver: 30 antennas receiver: 30 antennas

Multipath Multipath
channel1 channel2

Access point 1 Access point 2

Lund University
transmitter: 32 antennas

Mobile station
Enabling measurements of broadband real-time
multi-link MIMO radio channels
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Measurement, measurement, and measurement…
WILATI

Rx of Lund
University
Tx of Lund
University
Rx of Lund
University
Established extensive basis for analyzing multi-link
MIMO radio systems

Rx of Aalto
University

Rx of Lund
University
NORDITE Conference, June 14, 2011
 Achievement 3 WILATI
• Understanding of radio wave propagation mechanisms
Identifying reasons of
multipath propagation

z
2
1 1
y
1

Reliable estimator of Increased understanding of

x
propagation paths capabilities and limits of radio
systems
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 Achievement 4 WILATI
• Multi-link MIMO channel model - COST2100 channel model
Comparison of meas. and model Scatterer
example: delay spread MS cluster
1

0.8

0.6
CDF

0.4
Visibility
Measurement region
0.2 CM trial 1
CM trial 2
BS
CM trial 3
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Delay spread [ns]

Practical and reliable tool for

radio link and network design

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 Achievement 5 WILATI
• Multi-user MIMO simulation chain
C++/IT++ based simulation environment
• Free open-source software/libraries
• Simulations using both channel models and measured channel data
• A range of iterative receivers implemented
• Simulations run in parallel on a cluster
BER versus corridor position
BER vs. channel capacity SIMULATION CLUSTER
(for two users and different APs)
216 nodes containing two
64-bit, quad core Intel Xeon
E5520 (2.26 GHz), corres-
ponding to a total of 1728
processors
User 1

User 2

System performance evaluation tool for

real indoor propagation environments
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 Achievement 6 WILATI
• Comparative study of MIMO user detection schemes

Which receiver algorithm

combination achieves
performance requiremnent
with least complexity?

Practical insights on the tradeoff between

complexity and performance
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 Achievement 7 WILATI
• Acquired insights of MU-MIMO performance in practice
Decreasing inter-user channel correlation Minor gain of dirty paper
as increasing # of BS antennas coding over linear precoding

Understanding of how to deploy efficient multi-user MIMO

networks in indoor scenarios
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 Achievement 8 WILATI
• Developed sensing policies in cognitive networks
Effects of adaptive machine
Cognitive network structure learning algorithm

Throughput relative to ideal policy

With learning

Without learning

Understanding of how to design efficient cognitive radio

networks
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 Achievement 9 WILATI
• Comparative study of detecting user under cooperation

User Distributed Alamouti

detection
cooperation
Orthogonal
separate detection

Frame error rate

Joint detection

User 1
Non-orthogonal
separate detection
User 2

Destination

Understanding of low complexity user cooperation

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 Achievement 10 WILATI
• Identified the best precoder for MMSE iterative receivers
Transmitter block diagram
Random code

Symbol error rate

Golden code
Receiver block diagram Dispersive Nucleo
Algebraic code

Theoretical limit

Improved transmit signal arrangements for better radio system

performance
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 Achievement 11 WILATI
• Feasibility study of mobile terminal localization
Ranging in OFDM systems using a Antenna array development in
Matrix pencil method mobile phones for localization

Multipaths

Wave1 angle
Error in resolving two
Tx-Rx distance waves

Mobile locations Wave2 angle

New methods for high-accuracy ranging and localization

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 Summary WILATI
• Possible impacts of our achievements on wireless industries
1. Design tools for multi-user MIMO networks
– World-unique channel measurement facilities and channel database
– COST2100 multi-link MIMO channel model
– System simulations with real and modeled multi-link channels
2. Ideas for system and network improvement
– Effective iterative receivers and precoders
– Benefit of user cooperation
– Performance of low complexity receivers
3. Insights for practical deployment of wireless networks
– Complexity vs gain in precoding
– Coverage of indoor base stations
4. Ideas for new systems and applications
– Spectrum sensing policy in cognitive networks
– Methods for high-accuracy ranging and localization

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 WILATI

THANK YOU!

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 Achievements of WP1 in WILATI WILATI
1. Establishment of a dual-link MIMO channel sounder
1. Frame and synthesizer synchronization
2. Accurate calibration of the channel sounder and antenna array
2. Extensive collection of dual-link MIMO channel data and
parameter estimates
1. Extended Kalman Filtering for parameter estimation
2. Provision of reference multi-link channel data for system simulations
3. Establishment of a multi-link channel model
1. Geometry-based model
2. Analytical model
4. Contributions to the COST2100 channel model
1. Multi-link extension and provision of model parameters
2. Validation of the model
 9 IEEE journals, 21 int. conf., 3 PhD theses, 16 COST TDs
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 Achievements of WP2 in WILATI WILATI
1. Establishment of two MU-MIMO simulation chains (MATLAB and
C++) capable of using
1. Raw/recreated channel measurements
2. Various channel models
2. Evaluation of MU-MIMO detection schemes in terms of
performance and complexity/convergence using (a combination
of)
1. Theoretical studies
2. Simulation based studies (with channel measurements)
3. Establishment of a spectrum sensing policy and evaluation
methods
1. Proposing a measure for spatial diversity in spectrum sensing for
different fusion rules
2. A machine learning based collaborative and energy-efficient spectrum
sensing policy
 3 journals papers (3 in preparation), 17 international conferences

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 Achievements of WP3 in WILATI WILATI
1. Proposal of various schemes for two-user cooperative
MIMO communications in quasi-static fading channels
1. Decode-and-forward coop. and space-time coding at the Tx
2. MMSE-based iterative multiuser detection at the Rx
3. Extension of the schemes to arbitrary number of users
4. Analytical conditions on the space-time rotation matrix for achieving
full diversity with MMSE-based iterative detection
2. Development of accurate time-synchronization and ranging
techniques for OFDM systems
1. Time-reversal synchronization
2. Validation of the concepts by measured channels
3. Cooperative localization by multi-dimensional scaling
 6 scientific journals, 7 international conferences
Note: Further works are planned in 2011 in Norway
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