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Elenco Esercizi

Domanda 1

Are YOU a Modern British Traveller?

Researchers took a detailed look into the holiday habits of Britons and revealed that 48 per cent of us now shun the term ‘holidaymaker’, preferring the more discerning phrase ‘traveller’. And the
survey revealed a list of definitive signs you are less holidaymaker and more modern British traveller.

This includes preferring sightseeing to partying (57 per cent), and enjoying city breaks just as much as sitting on a beach for a fortnight (52 per cent).

Learning some of the language before you go on holiday (26 per cent) and carrying all your travel documents on your smartphone (18 per cent) are also characteristics of the discerning traveller.

According to the study of 2,000 people, the average Briton now takes three trips every year in the UK and abroad – and travels a staggering 15,474 miles in total each year by train, plane and car.

The survey also revealed that for modern Brits, the traditional fortnight holiday has been replaced with ten days (average length of main holiday) – with 52 per cent now enjoying more frequent
city breaks over longer beach holidays.

Almost 20 per cent prefer to use their smartphone to plan trips and journeys – with only 14 per cent of us now using a traditional travel agent to research and manage their trip away.

The average adult now spends 2 hours 50 minutes taking photos on holiday, snapping on average 34 pictures over the trip, which they will upload to social media, and a further 24 per cent will only
choose hotels based on whether they have free Wi-Fi and other technology available.

Almost half now prefer to eat at local restaurants as opposed to ‘tourist traps’, and 30 per cent try to find ways to avoid queues wherever possible.

The research also revealed the role tech now plays in terms of holidays, with one in ten Brits (11 per cent) saying they wouldn’t choose a mode of transport that didn’t cater to their technology
needs – and 44 per cent feeling more in control of their travel plans when they have their tech with them on holiday.

(Adapted from www.express.co.uk)

Read the article about the holiday habits of modern British people, then answer the questions (1-9) using a maximum of 4 words.
Write your answers in the spaces provided.
The first one (0) has been done for you.

0. Which term do almost half of British people prefer to use to define themselves as tourists?

Traveller

Q1. How do almost one fi#h of Brits prefer to carry their travel papers?

Risposta Corretta: on their smartphone ; on a smartphone ; On their smartphone ; On a smartphone ; ON THEIR SMARTPHONE ; ON A SMARTPHONE ; on the smartphone ; On the smartphone ; ON
THE SMARTPHIONE
Tua Risposta:
.

Q2. How many people were interviewed to carry out the research?

Risposta Corretta: 2,000 ; 2,000 people ; 2,000 people were interviewed ; there were 2,000 ; two thousand people ; two thousand ; 2,000 People ; 2,000 People were interviewed ; There were 2,000 ;
Two thousand people ; Two thousand ; 2,000 PEOPLE ; 2,000 PEOPLE WERE INTERVIEWED ; THERE WERE 2,000 ; TWO THOUSAND PEOPLE ; TWO THOUSAND
Tua Risposta:
.

Q3. How many miles does the average Briton travel per year?

Risposta Corretta: 15,474 ; 15,474 miles ; 15,474 in total ; 15,474 miles in total ; 15,474 miles a year ; 15,474 a year ; 15,474 miles each year ; 15,474 each year ; they travel 15,474 miles ; 15,474 Miles ;
15,474 In total ; 15,474 Miles in total ; 15,474 Miles a year ; 15,474 A year ; 15,474 Miles each year ; 15,474 Each year ; They travel 15,474 miles ; 15,474 MILES ; 15,474 IN TOTAL ; 15,474 MILES IN TOTAL
; 15,474 MILES A YEAR ; 15,474 A YEAR ; 15,474 MILES EACH YEAR ; 15,474 EACH YEAR ; THEY TRAVEL 15,474 MILES
Tua Risposta:
.

Q4. What is the average length of British people’s main holiday?

Risposta Corretta: 10 days ; ten days ; it is 10 days ; it is ten days ; it’s 10 days ; it’s ten days ; 10 Days ; Ten days ; It is 10 days ; It is ten days ; It’s 10 days ; It’s ten days ; 10 DAYS ; TEN DAYS ; IT IS 10
DAYS ; IT’S 10 DAYS ; IT’S TEN DAYS
Tua Risposta:
.

Q5. What do British travellers prefer to longer holidays on the beach?

Risposta Corretta: more frequent city breaks ; frequent city breaks ; More frequent city breaks ; Frequent city breaks ; MORE FREQUENT CITY BREAKS ; FREQUENT CITY BREAKS ; city break ; City
breaks ; CITY BREAKS
Tua Risposta:
.

Q6. What percentage of Britons choose a traditional travel agency to organise their trips?

Risposta Corretta: 14 per cent ; only 14 per cent ; fourteen per cent ; only fourteen per cent ; 14 percent ; fourteen percent ; only fourteen percent ; 14 Per cent ; Only 14 Per cent ; Fourteen per cent ;
Only fourteen per cent ; 14 Percent ; Only 14 percent ; Fourteen percent ; Only fourteen percent ; 14 PER CENT ; ONLY 14 PER CENT ; FOURTEEN PER CENT ; ONLY FOURTEEN PER CENT ; 14 PERCENT
; ONLY 14 PERCENT ; FOURTEEN PERCENT ; ONLY FOURTEEN PERCENT ; 14% ; 14 % ; only 14% ; only 14 % ; Only 14% ; Only 14 % ; ONLY 14% ; ONLY 14 %
Tua Risposta:
.

Q7. Where do British grown-ups usually post their holiday photos?

Risposta Corretta: on social media ; social media ; to social media ; On social media ; Social media ; To social media ; ON SOCIAL MEDIA ; SOCIAL MEDIA ; TO SOCIAL MEDIA
Tua Risposta:
.

Q8. Where do almost 50% prefer not to eat during their holidays?

Risposta Corretta: at tourist traps ; tourist traps ; at tourist restaurants ; tourist restaurants ; at a tourist trap ; at a tourist restaurant ; a tourist trap ; a tourist restaurant ; tourist trap ; tourist
restaurant ; At tourist traps ; Tourist traps ; At tourist restaurants ; Tourist restaurants ; At a tourist trap ; At a tourist restaurant ; A tourist trap ; A tourist restaurant ; Tourist trap ; Tourist restaurant ;
AT TOURIST TRAPS ; TOURIST TRAPS ; AT TOURIST RESTAURANTS ; TOURIST RESTAURANTS ; AT A TOURIST TRAP ; AT A TOURIST RESTAURANT ; A TOURIST TRAP ; A TOURIST RESTAURANT ;
TOURIST TRAP ; TOURIST RESTAURANT
Tua Risposta:
.

Q9. What plays a key role for modern travellers in their choice of hotels and transport?

Risposta Corretta: tech ; technology ; the availability of technology ; the technology available ; their tech ; their technology ; tech needs ; their tech needs ; technology needs ; their technology
needs ; Tech ; Technology ; The availability of technology ; The technology available ; Their tech ; Their technology ; Tech needs ; Their tech needs ; Technology needs ; Their technology needs ;
TECH ; TECHNOLOGY ; THE AVAILABILITY OF TECHNOLOGY ; THE TECHNOLOGY AVAILABLE ; THEIR TECH ; THEIR TECHNOLOGY ; TECH NEEDS ; THEIR TECH NEEDS ; TECHNOLOGY NEEDS ; THEIR
TECHNOLOGY NEEDS
Tua Risposta:
.

Domanda 2

A Teenager on Living with Insomnia

Anita S. says sleep has been a problem for her since she was a young child

‘When I cannot sleep, I lie there (0) ............ during the day and what could happen tomorrow. I get frustrated and worried about being awake – I think I have to be up tomorrow and I know I will be
so tired.’

Anita says the horrible feeling she gets when she cannot sleep is intensified (Q1) ............ at friends’. Her insomnia got so bad during her A-levels that she stayed up for a day and a half straight,
affecting her results.

‘I was really stressed during my exams… I went to see the doctor and she didn’t give me any medication but just (Q2) ............ sleep hygiene,’ she says.

Anita, now 18, says sleep has been a problem for her (Q3) ............ . ‘I never had a routine bedtime. My mum did try, but I was always restless and could never sleep,’ she says, adding that it got
worse (Q4) ............ .

‘I could not sleep until the early hours of the morning. Sometimes I went to school on no sleep at all,’ she says.

Anita moves between (Q5) ............ in a cyclical pattern. She has sought help from doctors and psychiatrists who (Q6) ............ good sleep patterns, for example not looking at her phone before
bed, but nothing has worked.

Anita believes more young people now experience sleep problems because of growing mental health problems, particularly anxiety. ‘We have a lot more to worry about (Q7) ............ ,’ she says.

‘Sleep is so important. A bad night’s rest affects not only your mental health but your physical health, too. I o#en find myself catching (Q8) ............ more easily. When my insomnia is at its worse, I
get migraines too… Trouble sleeping should not be overlooked… There needs to be more focus on making time for a good night’s sleep or seeking help if you’re struggling with it.’

(Abridged from www.theguardian.com)

Read the text about a teenager who suffers from insomnia.

Parts of the text have been removed.
Choose the correct part (A-K) for each gap (1-8).
There are two extra parts that you should not use.
The first one (0) has been done for you.

A. since a young age

B. than older generations

C. since she started university

D. thinking about what has happened

E. when she became a teenager

F. when she is staying over

G. colds and flu

H. encouraged her to practise

I. than our friends

J. insomnia and oversleeping

K. handed me a leaflet about

0. D

Q1.
Risposta Corretta: F ; F. ; f ; f.
Tua Risposta:

Q2.
Risposta Corretta: K ; K. ; k ; k.
Tua Risposta:

Q3.
Risposta Corretta: A ; A. ; a ; a.
Tua Risposta:

Q4.
Risposta Corretta: E ; E. ; e ; e.
Tua Risposta:

Q5.
Risposta Corretta: J ; J. ; j ; j.
Tua Risposta:

Q6.
Risposta Corretta: H ; H. ; h ; h.
Tua Risposta:

Q7.
Risposta Corretta: B ; B. ; b ; b.
Tua Risposta:

Q8.
Risposta Corretta: G ; G. ; g ; g.
Tua Risposta:

Domanda 3

Some Notable Border Walls in History

A
Arguably the most famous border wall, the Great Wall of China is one of the world’s largest building-construction projects. Although widely believed to be about 5,500 miles long, in 2012 China
released a (disputed) study that claimed the wall was actually 13,170 miles in length – more than half of the Earth’s circumference. Construction began in northern China in the 7th century BCE and
continued for two millennia. Up to one million workers reportedly died during its construction – giving the wall the nickname ‘the longest cemetery on Earth’. However, the wall did little to prevent
invasions. In the early 13th century, for example, Genghis Khan and his Mongolian army easily breached the barrier. According to scholars, ‘the wall never worked’ and provided more ‘political
propaganda’ than actual security.

B
During Germany’s era of partition, a#er some 2.5 million people defected from Soviet-controlled East Germany, the country’s government decided to construct a wall to bar access to West Berlin
and thus West Germany. Construction began on the night of August 12-13, 1961, and the system of walls and other security measures eventually extended 28 miles through Berlin and 75 miles (120
kilometers) around West Berlin. Despite featuring watchtowers, gun emplacements, and mines, the wall became the scene of highly publicized escapes, and some 5,000 East Germans are believed
to have crossed. However, nearly 200 are thought to have died. The Berlin Wall became a prominent symbol of the Cold War, and in 1987 US President Ronald Reagan famously called on Soviet
leader Mikhail Gorbachev to ‘tear down this wall!’. Two years later, as the Soviet Union began to collapse, the wall was opened.

C
This barrier in northern Iran lives up to its name. The Great Wall of Gorgan was built in the 5th-6th century during the Sāsānian dynasty and was designed to repel attacks, mainly from the
Hephthalites and Turks. The wall spans some 124 miles of modern-day Golestan province and includes nearly 40 forts. In addition to the barrier, an elaborate system of canals had to be
constructed to provide water for the production of 200 million bricks. The bricks were red, inspiring the wall’s nickname: ‘the Red Snake’.

D
While new in comparison with others on the list, these are of note for defying the current trend – rather than being built, these walls are in the process of being dismantled. The Peace Walls (or
Peace Lines) were first constructed in Belfast in 1969 in order to separate Catholic neighbourhoods from those of Protestants. At the time, Northern Ireland was in the midst of the ‘Troubles’, a
violent conflict between unionists (mainly Protestants), who wanted to remain part of the United Kingdom, and nationalists (Catholics), who sought to join Ireland. Approximately 100 walls and
other barriers were eventually erected. However, rather than creating good neighbours, the fences were accused of fostering an ‘atmosphere of abnormality’. In 2013 the Northern Ireland
government vowed to remove all of the walls by 2023, and the first Peace Wall was torn down in 2016.

E
Hadrian’s Wall was built to protect north-western Britain from ‘barbarians’. Work began at the behest of Roman Emperor Hadrian (ruled 117-138 CE), and it took about six years for 15,000
infantrymen to complete it. In addition to the wall itself, there were towers, fortlets (milecastles), and barracks. It was later expanded to some 73 miles, and it remained in use until about 410. The
wall is a notable example of the Roman Empire’s military architecture. However, perhaps more importantly to some, Hadrian’s Wall inspired one of the most famous walls in pop culture, the great
Ice Wall in Game of Thrones.

(Abridged from www.britannica.com)

Read the texts about some famous walls in history.

Match the questions (1-9) with the descriptions (A-E).
You can choose each description more than once.
The first one (0) has been done for you.

Which wall...

0. is made of red bricks?

Q1. started to be dismantled in 1989?

Risposta Corretta: B ; B. ; b ; b.
Tua Risposta:

Q2. is about 120 miles in length?

Risposta Corretta: C ; C. ; c ; c.
Tua Risposta:

Q3. started to be erected in the late 1960s?

Risposta Corretta: D ; D. ; d ; d.
Tua Risposta:

Q4. was built over the course of two thousand years?

Risposta Corretta: A ; A. ; a ; a.
Tua Risposta:

Q5. was used for defence purposes for about three centuries?

Risposta Corretta: E ; E. ; e ; e.
Tua Risposta:

Q6. was quite ineffective in preventing foreign attacks?

Risposta Corretta: A ; a ; a. ; A.
Tua Risposta:

Q7. divided town districts inhabited by people of different political and religious creeds?

Risposta Corretta: D ; D. ; d ; d.
Tua Risposta:

Q8. was erected by foot soldiers?

Risposta Corretta: E ; E. ; e ; e.
Tua Risposta:

Q9. caused the death of the largest number of people while being erected?

Risposta Corretta: A ; A. ; a ; a.
Tua Risposta:

Domanda 4

The Strange Case of the ‘Time Travel’ Murder

A woman’s body is found in London. DNA turns up a hit, yet the suspect apparently died weeks before the alleged victim. Here, forensic scientist Dr Mike Silverman tells the story of one of the
strangest cases of his career.

A woman had been brutally murdered in London and biological material had been found under her fingernails, possibly indicating that she might have scratched her attacker just before she died.

A sample of the material was analysed; the results were compared with the National DNA database and quickly came back with a positive match.

The problem was, the ‘hit’ identified a woman who had herself been murdered – a full three weeks before the death of her alleged ‘victim’.

The killings had taken place in different areas of the capital and were being investigated by separate teams of detectives.

With no sign of a connection between the two women and nothing to suggest they had ever met, the most ‘likely’ scenario was that the samples had been mixed-up or contaminated at the one
obvious place that they had come together – the forensic laboratory. A complaint was made by the senior investigating officer.

My first thought was that perhaps the second victim’s fingernail clipping had been mislabelled and had actually come from the first victim all along. As soon as I started to look at the samples, I
could see this wasn’t the case.

The victim had painted her nails with a distinctive leopard skin pattern and the cuttings that had been taken bore the exact same pattern. There was no doubt that they were the correct ones.

Determined to get to the bottom of the mystery, I decided to look more closely at how the clippings themselves had come to be collected and discovered that both bodies had undergone an
autopsy at the same mortuary, though they had arrived there several weeks apart.

It was while I was examining the mortuary records that I came across a possible answer. It transpired that the body of the first murder victim had been kept in the freezer for several weeks while the
police carried out their initial investigation.

It had been removed from the freezer to allow the pathologist to take additional nail clippings the day before the body of the second murder victim had arrived at the mortuary.

The following day, the same pair of scissors had been used to cut the nails of the second murder victim. Although the scissors had been cleaned between uses, I couldn’t help but wonder whether
sufficient genetic material had survived the cleaning process to transfer onto the second victim’s nails and then produce a DNA profile in the subsequent analysis.

I arranged for the nail scissors from the mortuary to be analysed and discovered not two but three separate DNA profiles were present. Further examination found DNA contamination on
several other mortuary instruments, but it was only ever going to present a problem when it came to fingernail scissors.

I immediately sent out an urgent memo to all coroners, mortuaries and forensic pathologists in the country, highlighting the problem and suggesting that, in the future, all nail clippings should be
taken with disposable scissors and that the scissors should then be placed in the evidence bag with the nail clippings to confirm they had only been used once. It’s a system that remains in place to
this day.

(Abridged from www.bbc.com)

Read the article about a strange criminal case, then choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) for questions 1-6.
Only one answer is correct. The first one (0) has been done for you.

Q1. The material found on the dead woman’s body was analysed and its DNA

Risposta Corretta: matched with the DNA of a woman who had died weeks before.
Tua Risposta:

Domanda 5
Read the article about a strange criminal case, then choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) for questions 1-6.
Only one answer is correct. The first one (0) has been done for you.

Q2. The two murders

Risposta Corretta: had occurred in different neighbourhoods of London.

Tua Risposta:

Domanda 6
Read the article about a strange criminal case, then choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) for questions 1-6.
Only one answer is correct. The first one (0) has been done for you.

Q3. Dr Silverman supposed that

Risposta Corretta: an error had occurred in the forensic lab.

Tua Risposta:

Domanda 7
Read the article about a strange criminal case, then choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) for questions 1-6.
Only one answer is correct. The first one (0) has been done for you.

Q4. Dr Silverman’s first idea was that

Risposta Corretta: the analysed piece of fingernail belonged to the first victim, not to the second one.
Tua Risposta:

Domanda 8
Read the article about a strange criminal case, then choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) for questions 1-6.
Only one answer is correct. The first one (0) has been done for you.

Q5. Dr Silverman later found out that

Risposta Corretta: autopsies had been carried out at the same morgue.
Tua Risposta:

Domanda 9
Read the article about a strange criminal case, then choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) for questions 1-6.
Only one answer is correct. The first one (0) has been done for you.

Q6. When the scissors used to cut the nail clippings were analysed, Dr Silverman found out that

Risposta Corretta: they presented various DNA profiles on them and were the cause of contamination.
Tua Risposta:

Domanda 10

Sustainable Development Goals for People and Planet

(0) .................
• Globally, the number of people living in extreme poverty has declined by more than half from 1.9 billion in 1990. However, 836 million people still live in extreme poverty. About one in five people
in developing regions lives on less than $1.25 per day.

(Q1) .................
• Globally, the proportion of undernourished people in the developing regions has fallen by almost half since 1990, from 23.3% in 1990-1992 to 12.9% in 2014-2016. However, one in nine people in
the world today (795 million) is still undernourished.
• Agriculture is the single largest employer in the world, providing livelihoods for 40% of today’s global population.
• Investing in smallholder farmers is an important way to increase food security and nutrition for the poorest, as well as food production for local and global markets.

(Q2) .................
• Enrolment in primary education in developing countries has reached 91%, but 57 million children remain out of school.
• An estimated 50% of out-of-school children of primary school age live in conflict-affected areas.
• The world has achieved equality in primary education between girls and boys, but few countries have achieved that target at all levels of education.

(Q3) .................
• In Southern Asia, only 74 girls were enrolled in primary school for every 100 boys in 1990. By 2012, the enrolment ratios were the same for girls and for boys.
• In sub-Saharan Africa, Oceania and Western Asia, girls still face barriers to entering both primary and secondary school.
• In 46 countries, women now hold more than 30% of seats in national Parliament in at least one chamber.

(Q4) .................
• In 2015, 91% of the global population is using an improved drinking water source, compared to 76% in 1990. However, 2.5 billion people lack access to basic sanitation services, such as toilets or
latrines.
• Each day, an average of 5,000 children die due to preventable water and sanitation-related diseases.
• Approximately 70% of all available water is used for irrigation.

(Q5) .................
• Global unemployment increased from 170 million in 2007 to nearly 202 million in 2012, of which about 75 million are young women and men.
• Nearly 2.2 billion people live below the US $2 poverty line and poverty eradication is only possible through stable and well-paid jobs.
• 470 million jobs are needed globally for new entrants to the labour market between 2016 and 2030.

(Q6) .................
• Half of humanity – 3.5 billion people – lives in cities today. By 2030, almost 60% of the world’s population will live in urban areas.
• 828 million people live in slums today and the number keeps rising.
• Cities have the potential to either dissipate the distribution of energy or optimise their efficiency by reducing energy consumption and adopting green-energy systems.

(Q7) .................
• The greenhouse gas emissions from human activities are driving climate change and continue to rise. They are now at their highest levels in history.
• From 1880 to 2012, average global temperature increased by 0.85 °C. Without action, the world’s average surface temperature is projected to rise over the 21st century and is likely to surpass 3
degrees Celsius this century.
• The rate of sea level rise since the mid-19th century has been larger than the mean rate during the previous two millennia.

(Q8) .................
• Thirteen million hectares of forests are being lost every year.
• Due to drought and desertification each year, 12 million hectares are lost (23 hectares per minute), where 20 million tons of grain could have been grown.
• Of the 8,300 animal breeds known, 8% are extinct and 22% are at risk of extinction.

(Abridged from www.un.org)

Read the fact sheet about the United Nations’ development goals.
Choose the correct heading (A-K) for each paragraph (1-8).
There are two extra headings that you should not use.
The first one (0) has been done for you.

A. Promote sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment

B. Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts

C. Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all

D. Promote education and employment for male teens

E. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education

F. End poverty in all its forms everywhere

G. Protect ecosystems, combat desertification and halt biodiversity loss

H. End hunger, achieve improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture

I. Promote development of urban areas and energy consumption

J. Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable

K. Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls

0. F

Q1.
Risposta Corretta: H ; H. ; h ; h.
Tua Risposta:

Q2.
Risposta Corretta: E ; E. ; e ; e.
Tua Risposta:

Q3.
Risposta Corretta: K ; K. ; k ; k.
Tua Risposta:

Q4.
Risposta Corretta: C ; C. ; c ; c.
Tua Risposta:

Q5.
Risposta Corretta: A ; A. ; a ; a.
Tua Risposta:

Q6.
Risposta Corretta: J ; J. ; j ; j.
Tua Risposta:

Q7.
Risposta Corretta: B ; B. ; b ; b.
Tua Risposta:

Q8.
Risposta Corretta: G ; G. ; g ; g.
Tua Risposta:

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