S1.

2 The nuclear atom

■ Paper 1 7 Information is given about four different atoms:
1 How many electrons does the ion 209
84 Po contain?
2+ atom neutrons protons
A 22 18
A 127
B 20 16
B 123
C 18 20
C 86 D 20 18
D 82 Which two atoms are isotopes?
2 What is the same for both nuclides 64 65
29 Cu and 30 Zn?
A A and C
A nucleon (mass) number
B A and D
B number of electrons
C B and D
C number of neutrons
D B and C
D atomic (proton) number 8 Which species has three more 3 neutrons than electrons?
3 Skin cancer can be treated using the radioactive 11
A 5 B3+
phosphide ion, 32
15 P . What is the composition of the
3–
14
B N3–
nuclide? 7
42
C Ca+
A 15 protons, 17 neutrons, 18 electrons 20
23
D Na+
B 15 protons, 17 neutrons, 32 electrons 11

C 32 protons, 17 neutrons, 15 electrons (Questions 9-12 HL only)

D 17 protons, 15 neutrons, 17 electrons 9 Which factors control the path of gaseous ions during
deflection in a mass spectrometer?
4 For which of the following pairs of species are the
chemical properties most similar? A only the mass of the ion

A 1
H and 11 H+ B only the charge on the ion
1

B 14
C and 11 H+ C both the charge and mass of the ion
6
23
Na and 39 D neither the charge nor the mass of the ion.
C 11 19 K

D 7
Li+ and 42 He 10 A naturally occurring sample of bismuth contains the
3
following isotopes.
5 How many neutrons are there in the stable nuclide 17O2–?
Nuclide Relative abundance
A 9 208
Bi 10.45
B 11 209
Bi 87.45
C 15 211
Bi 2.10

D 19 What is its relative atomic mass?

6 The electron arrangement of potassium is 2.8.8.1. How A 211.94
many occupied main electron energy levels are there in
B 210.94
an atom of potassium?
C 209.94
A 3
D 208.94
B 4
C 18
D 19

Chemistry for the IB Diploma Programme S1.2 The nuclear atom 4

 11 Chlorine has two isotopes, 35Cl and 37Cl, in the ratio of 3 Which value is closest to the relative atomic mass of
atoms of 35Cl to 1 atom of 37Cl. Thus, diatomic molecules the element?
formed by chlorine have three possible relative isotopic A 64.2
masses, 70, 72 and 74. Which of the following shows
B 66.0
the correct relative abundance of the molecules formed
C 65.5
by chlorine?
A B D 65.0
Relative abundance / %

Relative abundance / %
■ Paper 2
50 51
1 The element vanadium has two isotopes, 23 V and 23 V,
and a relative atomic mass of 50.94.
a Define the term isotope. [1]
b Vanadium-49 is an unstable radioisotope of
m/z m/z
70 72 74 70 72 vanadium.
74 State the number of protons, electrons
A B 49 3+
and neutrons in an atom of 23 V .[1]
/ % / %/ %

B /% /%
abundance

abundance
C D c State and explain which is the less
abundance

abundant isotope. [1]

abundance

abundance

d State the name and the mass number of the

Relative

RelativeRelative

isotope relative to which all atomic masses

Relative

are measured. [1]

Relative

70 72 74 m/z 70 72 e State amphysical

74 /z property that is different for
m/z m/z
74
B
70 72 74 isotopes of a gaseous element. [1]
70 72 74 m/z 70 72 74 m/z
/ %/ % / %

C D 2 Semi-heavy water, HDO, contains one atom of protium

Relative abundance / %
abundance

D (1H) and one atom of deuterium (2H).

abundance

a Calculate the relative atomic mass of a sample

abundance

of hydrogen to 5 decimal places using the

Relative

data below. [1]

Relative
Relative

Isotope Abundance
74 m/z 70 72 74 m/z 1
H 99.985
70 72 74 m/z 70 72 m/z
2
H 74 0.015
74 m/z 70 72 74 m/z
D
b State the number and type of subatomic particles
Relative abundance / %

in a deuterium atom and the location of each type.[3]

c State one physical property that is likely to be
different for semi-heavy water compared to
normal water (H2O).[1]
Heavy water, D2O, and heavy hydrogen, D2, can be used
m/z m/z to prepare a range of deuterated compounds.
74 70 72 74
d Formulate balanced equations to represent the
12 The mass spectrum of a sample of atoms in an element
formation of the following compounds, starting
is shown below.
with D2 or D2O.
40 i ND3[1]
ii KOD [1]
Relative abundance / %

e Calculate the total number of nucleons in

one molecule of 14ND3.[1]
20

0
64 65 66 67 68 m/z

Chemistry for the IB Diploma Programme S1.2 The nuclear atom 5