ALGEBRIC IDENTITIES

1. Distributive Property:

 �⋅(�+�)=�⋅�+�⋅�a⋅(b+c)=a⋅b+a⋅c
 �⋅(�−�)=�⋅�−�⋅�a⋅(b−c)=a⋅b−a⋅c

2. Commutative Property:

 Addition: �+�=�+�a+b=b+a
 Multiplication: �⋅�=�⋅�a⋅b=b⋅a

3. Associative Property:

 Addition: (�+�)+�=�+(�+�)(a+b)+c=a+(b+c)
 Multiplication: (�⋅�)⋅�=�⋅(�⋅�)(a⋅b)⋅c=a⋅(b⋅c)

4. Identity Property:

 Addition: �+0=�a+0=a
 Multiplication: �⋅1=�a⋅1=a

5. Inverse Property:

 Addition: �+(−�)=0a+(−a)=0
 Multiplication: �⋅1�=1a⋅a1=1 (for �≠0a=0)

6. Squaring Binomials:

 (�+�)2=�2+2��+�2(a+b)2=a2+2ab+b2
 (�−�)2=�2−2��+�2(a−b)2=a2−2ab+b2

7. Difference of Squares:

 �2−�2=(�+�)(�−�)a2−b2=(a+b)(a−b)

8. Perfect Square Trinomials:

 �2+2��+�2=(�+�)2a2+2ab+b2=(a+b)2
 �2−2��+�2=(�−�)2a2−2ab+b2=(a−b)2
9. Cube of a Binomial:

 (�+�)3=�3+3�2�+3��2+�3(a+b)3=a3+3a2b+3ab2+b3
 (�−�)3=�3−3�2�+3��2−�3(a−b)3=a3−3a2b+3ab2−b3

10. Sum and Difference of Cubes:

 �3+�3=(�+�)(�2−��+�2)a3+b3=(a+b)(a2−ab+b2)
 �3−�3=(�−�)(�2+��+�2)a3−b3=(a−b)(a2+ab+b2)

11. Quadratic Formula:

 For the quadratic equation ��2+��+�=0ax2+bx+c=0:

�=−�±�2−4��2�x=2a−b±b2−4ac