Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ALGEBRIC IDENTITIES
• An alg ebraic i dentity is an
1 1
algebraic equation which is true 2. If x – – a, then 8. If x+
+ =1, then x³ = –1
for all values of the variable (s). x x
Important Formulae: 1 1
1. (a+b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab (i) x²+ =a2+2 9. If x+ =–1, then x³ =1,
x2 x
2. (a–b)2 = a2 + b2 – 2ab
3. (a+b)2 = (a – b)2 + 4ab 1 1 1
(ii) x4+ = b²–2, where b = a²+2 10. If x+ = 3 then x³+ = 0 x6
4. (a–b)2 = (a + b)2 – 4ab x4 x x³
5. a2–b2 = (a + b) (a–b) = –1 or x6+1 = 0
1
6. (a+b)3 = a3 + b3 + 3ab(a+b) e.g. x – =3, then 11. If aax + by = m and bx –ay = n
7. (a–b)3 = a3 – b3 x then, (a²+b²) ((x² + y²) = m² + n2
8. (a³+b³) = (a + b) (a2–ab+b2) 1 Note : If the sum of squares of real
9. (a³–b³) = (a – b) (a²+ab+b²) x²+ =3² + 2 = 11 and numbers be zero, then each number
x2
10. ( a+b+c) ² = a² + b² +c ² + is equal to zero i.e.
2(ab+bc+ca) 1 if (x – a)² + (y – b)² + (z – c)² = 0,
x4+ = 11²–2= 119. then
11. a³+b³+c³–3abc x4
x–a=0 x = a,
= (a+b+c) (a²+b²+c²–ab–bc–ca)
1 y–b=0 y = b and
1 3. If x4+ = a, then z–c=0 z=c
= ( a + b + c ) [ ( a – b ) 2+ ( b – c ) 2 x4
2 or if x ²+ y² + z² = 0, then x = 0, y
1 =0&z=0
+ (c–a)²] (i) x²+ = a 2 =b
Note:- x2 Based on Increasing power
a³+b³+c³–3abc = 0, 1 1
(ii) x+ = b 2 Ex.1 If x 3 , find the value of
If {(i) a + b + c = 0 (a b c) x
x
or
1
(ii) a²+b²+c²–ab–bc–ca = 0 1 x² ?
(ii) x
x–– = b–2 x²
1 x
12. a²+b²+c²–ab–bc–ca = 1
2 1 Sol. x 3
e.g. x + 4 =119
4 x
[(a–b)²+(b–c)²+(c–a)2] x Squaring both sides,
13. If ax2 +bx +c = 2
1 1 2
x²+ = 119 2 =11 x 3
–b
b² – 4ac x2 x
0, then, x =
2a 1
x+ = 11 2 = 13 1 1
Some Important Results x x² 2 x 9
x² x
1 1
1. If x + = a, then x– = 11 – 2 =3 1
x x² 9–2 7
x x²
1
(i) x² + 2 = a²–2 1 1 1
x 4. If x+ =2, then x =1 (If x a then x ² = a²–2)
x x x²
1
(ii) x 4+ 4 = b 2 – 2 wher e 1 1
x 5. If x+ = –2, then x = –1 Same x 4 = (a² – 2)2 – 2
x x4
1
b = a²– 2 0 e.g. x + = 3, 3 Alternate:-
x 1 1 1
Then, 6. x³+ = x –3 x 1
x³ x x x 3
1 1 3
x
x2+ =3²–2 = 7, and x4 + 4 1 1 1
x² x 7. x³– = x– +3 x – 1
= 49–2=47 x³ x x x² = 3² – 2 = 7
x²
1 1 1
Put the value of x – 4 Find the value of x5 + x³– = 5³+3×5 = 140 .....(ii)
x x5 x³
(i) × (ii)
1 Sol. x+ =4
x³ – –3 4 64 x 1
x³ x5 – = 27×140 – 5 = 3775
1 x5
1 x²+ = 4²–2 = 14 ....(i)
x³ – 64 12 x² 1
x³ Ex.14 If x 3 , Find the value of
1 x
1 x³+ = 4³–3×4 = 52 ...(ii)
x³ – 76 x³ 1
x³ x6 .
(i) × (ii) x6
1 1 1
(If x– =a then x³– = a³+3a) x5 + = 14×52 – 4 = 724 1
x x³ x5 Sol. x 3
Alternate: x
Here, a = 4 1
Ex.12 If x – = 4 find the value of 1
x x3 33 – 3 3 = 18
1 x3
x³– = 4³+3×4 = 64+12 1
x³ x5 – Squaring both side,
= 76 x5 2
1
1 x3 182
1 Sol. x– =4 x3
* Same as if x– = 3,4,5,6 x
x
1 1
1 1 x6 2 x3 324
Then x³– = 36, 76, 140, 234 x²+ = 4²+2 = 18 x6 x3
x³ x2
......(i) 1
1 x6 324 – 2
Ex.10 If x+ = 5 find the vlaue of 1 x6
x x³– = 4³+3×4 = 76 .....(ii)
x³
1
1 (i) × (ii) x6 322
x5+ x6
x5 1
x2 x³ – = 18×76 1 1
1 x2 x³ x a ,then x 6
Sol. x+ = 5 x x6
x 1 1 = (a³ – 3a)² – 2
x5 – +x – 5 =18×76
1 x x
x²+ = 52 – 2 = 23 ....(i)
x² 1 1
Put the value of x – =4 Ex.15. If x 3 , Find the value of
x x
1
x³+ = 5³–3×5 = 110 ...(ii) 1
x³ 1 1 x7 .
x5 – 5 = 18×76 –
x– x7
(i) × (ii) x x
1 1 = 1368–4 = 1364 1
x2 x3 = 23×110 Sol. x 3
x2 x3 1 x
* If x– = a, then
x 1
1 1 x2 = 3² – 2 = 7
x5 + +x + 5 = 2530 x2
x x 1
x5 – = (a²+2) (a³+3a)–a
1 x5 1
x4 = 7² – 2 = 47 ....(i)
Put the value of x + =5 x4
x 1
Ex.13 If x– =5 then find the value of
1 x 1
x3 = 3³ – 3 × 3 = 18 ....(ii)
x5 + =2530–5 = 2525 x3
x5 1
x5– Multiply (i) and (ii)
1 x5
* If x+ = a 1 1
x x3 4
1 × x
1 Sol. x – =5 x3 x4
Then x5 + = (a²–2)(a³–3a)–a x
x5 = 47 × 18
x = 13 2 1
= 322 × 76 x Ex.20 If x 27 , Find the value
x2
1 1
x7 – x – = 24472 1 1
x x7 x+ = 13 of x
x x
1 1 Now,
x7 – = 24472 + x – 1
x7 x Sol. x2 27
1 3
x2
x³ + = 13 – 3 × 13
1 x³
x7 – = 24472 + 4 = 24476 Adding 2 both sides,
x7
1 1
x³ + = – x2 2 27 2
x–
1 1
a , then x – 7 7 x ³ 13 13 3 13 x2
x x
1 2
2 x³ + = 1
= a2 2 –2 a3 3a a x ³ 10 13 x 29
x
1 1
Ex.17. If x 4 , find the value of Ex.19 If x – 4 , Find the value of 1
x x x 29
x
1 1
x2 – x6 – 2 1
x2 x6 Ex21. If x 31 , find the value
x2
1 1 1 1 1
Sol. x2 – = x x– Sol: x– 4 of x –
x2 x x x x
x2 – 2 23 – 2 4x 2
1
2
x2
x 7 1
x
1
2 Sol. 2x 4
x– 21 7x
1 x
x 7 7
x Multiply by both sides
1 2
x– 21
4 1 x 7 1 7
Ex.23 If x 194 , find the value 2x 4
x4 We know that, 2 7x 2
1 1 1 1
of x
3
. x2 – 2 =
x– x 1
x3 x x x 7x 14
2x
1 = 5 21 Squaring both sides,
Sol. x4 194
x4 1 1
2
2
Ex.25 If x 4 322 , Find the value 7x 14
By adding (2) both side, x4 2x
We get,
1 1 1
of x 3 – 49x 2 2 7x
1 x3
x4 2 194 2 4x 2 2x
x4
1 = 196
Sol. x4 322
1 x4 1
x4 2 196 49x 2 196 – 7
x4 By adding (2) both side, 4x 2
2
We get,
1 2 1
x2 14 1 49x 2 189
x2 x4 2 322 2 4x 2
x4
999 997
2 b c
2 2
(a + b + c) = a + b + c + 2(ab+bc + ca)
2 2
a=
1 2 a
999 997 996 997 996
(a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2abc 2 c a
2
(3)2 = 6 + 2abc 996 999 Thus, b =
b
9 - 6 = 2abc
1 a b
3 2992 14 c=
abc = 2 c
2
= 2992 × 7 = 20944 Now put the value of a, b and c
Ex.56 If a + b + c = 15
TYPE IV 1 1 1
and a2 + b2 + c2 = 83
b c+ c a + a b
find a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ca 1 1 1
Sol.
* a b c
1 2 2 2 a b c
2 2
(a + b + c) = a + b + c + 2(ab+bc + ca)
2 2 = a b b c c a + +
2 a b c b c a a b c
(15)2 = 83 + 2 (ab+bc+ca) When, a b c
225 - 83 = 2 (ab + bc + ca) a² + b² + c² – ab – bc – ca = 0 =1
a b c
ab + bc + ca = 71 a² + b² + c² = ab + bc + ca
Alternate:
a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = (a + b + c) Then a = b = c
We put the value
[a2 + b2 + c2 -(ab + bc + ca)] Ex.61If a = 99, b = 97, and c = 96 a=b=c=2
Find the value of
a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = 15(83-71) a2 = b+c = (2)2 = 2+2
a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ca
= 15 × 12 = 180 4=4
Sol. x ² y² z² xy yz zx 1 1 1 p q r
= – + + =0 = + +
Here, 2 4 4 p q r p q r p q r
x=y=z Ex.67 If x + y + z = 0 then the value
p q r
Let put the value of x = y = z =1 x ²y² y² z ² z ² x ² = =1
p q r
Now, of x 4 y4 z 4
is:
Alternate:
x y z (a) 0 (b) 1/2 Put the value p = –1, q = 2
y z z x y x (c) 1 (d) 2 r=2
Sol. ((x + y + z) =0 So,
1 1 1 x² + y² + z² + 2(xy + yz + zx) = 0 pq qr rp
=
1 1 1 1 1 1 x² + y² + z² = –2(xy + yz + zx) = –1×2+2×2+2×–1 = 0
(x² + y² + z²)² = 4(xy + yz + zx)²
1 1 1 3 p2 q2 r2
= = x4 + y4 + z4 + 2(x²y² + y²z² + z²x²) = + 2
2 + 2
2 2 2 2 p – pq a – pr r – pq
= 4[x²y² + y²z² + z²x² + 2xyz (x + y
Ex.66 If a + b + c = 0, Find the value of + z)] (–1)2 (2)2
x4 + y4 + z4 = 2(x²y² + y²z² + z²x²) = 2 2
1 1 1 (–1) – (2 2) (2) – (–1 2)
+ + [ (x + y + z) = 0]
a2 b2 – c 2 b 2 c 2 – a 2 c 2 a 2 – b 2
x 2 y 2 y 2z 2 z 2 x 2 1 (2)2
Sol. a+b+c = 0 = 2
x 4 y4 z4 2 (2) – (–1 2)
a+b = –c
Squaring Both side Hence (b) is the correct option. 1 4 4
=
(a+b)2 = (–c)2 Alternate: 1– 4 4 2 4 2
a2+b2+2ab = c2 x+y+z=0 –1 4 4
Then, Let x = 1, y = 1, z = – 2 =
a2+b2–c2 = –2ab ....(I) 3 6 6
Same, b+c = –a x 2 y 2 y 2z 2 z 2 x 2 –2 4 4 6
= = =1
b2+c2–a2 = –2bc ...(II) x 4 y4 z4 6 6
1 1 So, x = (a+b+c)2 1
+ + Alternate: z= ....(ii)
1 q r –1 1 r p –1 1– y
Let, a = b = c =1
Then From (i) & (ii)
1 1 1
Sol. + + x –1 x –1 x –1 1 y
1 1 q r 1
1 1 1
1 p 1 + + = 4×3 (i) z+ = +
q pq p 2 2 2 x 1 – y y –1
1 x –1 3 1 y 1– y
( Pqr = 1, r = pq ) =4×3 = – 1
2 1– y 1– y 1– y
x–1= 8
q 1 pq x=9 1 1 1
(ii) x y z
q pq 1 + 1 q pq + pq 1 q Option (B) y z x
x = (a+b+c)2
pq 1 q = (1+1+1)2 = 1+1+1=3
=1 = (3)2 = 9
q pq 1 1 1 1
So, It is proofed So, x y z =3
Alternate x y z
p=1=q=r x = (a+b+c)2
Alternate:-
Then x a2 x b2 x c2
Ex.71 If 2 2 + 2 2 + 1
1 1 1 b c c a a 2 b2 (i) x+ =1
= + + = 3 Find the value of x y
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
(a) a2+b2+c2
1 1 1 (b) a2+b2+c2–ab–bc–ca 1
= + + =1 Let, x =
3 3 3 (c) (a+b+c)2 2
x a 2 x b2 x c 2 (d) a2+b2+c2+ab+bc+ca Then y = 2
Ex.70 If + + Sol. We take option (A) a2+b2+c2
b c c a a b 1 1
= 4(a+b+c) a2 b2 c2 – a2 a 2 b2 c2 – b2 So, + =1
+ 2 2
Find the value of x b2 c2 c2 a2
(a) (a2+b2+c2) 1
(b) (a+b+c)2 a2 b2 c 2 – c 2 Now, y + =
+ z
(c) (a2+b2+c2–ab–bc–ca) a 2 b2
(d) (ab+bc+ca) If y = 2
b2 c2 c2 a 2 a 2 b2
Sol. We take option (B) + + Then z = – 1
b2 c2 c2 a 2 a 2 b2
Then x = (a+b+c)2 1
1+1+1 = 3
2 2 2+ = 2–1 = 1
a b c – a2 a b c – b2 L.H.S = R.H.S –1
+ Then, (x = a2+b2+c2)
b c a c
1
2 1 1 Now, z
a b c – c2 Ex.72 If x + = 1, y + =1 x
+ y z
a b Put the value z and x
a2–b2 = (a+b) (a–b) 1
Find the value of (i) z + 1
a b c–a a b c a x –1+ 1 2 = -1+2 = 1
b c 1 1 1
(ii) x y z
a b c–b a b c b x y z a b c
Ex.73 If + + =1
+ a c b c c a a b
1
a b c–c a b c c Sol. x + =1 a2 b2 c2
y
+ Find + +
a b b c c a a b
1
b c 2a b c x = 1– Sol. Divide and Multiply a + b + c
+ y
b c a b c
y –1 Now, + +
a c 2b a c b c c a a b
+ x= y ....(i)
a c
1 a b c
a b 2c a b 1 =
y+ =1 a b c
a b z
a b c a 50 150
+ + =1 Then,
b c c a a b Put the value of b and c
We break equation small step = 1 =2
1 –1 a 1 a –1 1
Let, a = 0, b = 1 + + =1
a 1 1 1
Put the value of a and b
a+1 + a–1 = 1 (ii) a 49 – 49
= 1 – 49
Then, a 49 1
0 1 c 1
+ + =1 a=
1 c c 0 0 1 2 = 1– =0
1
1 1 1 1 (iii)
+ c = 1, Option (A) = – a3 a2 a 1
c b a c
1³ + 1² + 1 + 1 = 4
1+ c² = c 1 1
c² = c – 1 = – =2–1=1 5 , f ind the
12 1 Ex.77 If p
Again put the value a, b p–3
So, L.H.S = R.H.S value of :-
a2 b2 c2
+ + 1 1 1 100
b c c a a b = – 100
b a c (i) p–3
1 c2 p –3
0+ + TYPE – V
c 0 0 1 (ii) p² – 3 p 4
1 2 1
When a + = 2 then a = 1
+c a p 5
c Sol.(i)
p–3
Put the value of c² 1
Then, Proof a 2 Subtract 3 both sides,
a
1
1 a 2 1 2a p –3 5–3
So, +c –1 = 1–1 = 0 p –3
c a² – 2a + 1 = 0
b–c a c a –b ( a –1)² = 0 1
Ex.74 If + + = 1 And So, a = 1 p –3 2
a b c p –3
a-b+c 0 which statement is 1 Let a = (P – 3)
Ex.75 If a 2 , find the value of
true a Then,
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
a100 1
(a) = – (b) = – a100 a+ =2
b a c a b c a
x² y² 1 2 x² x a
Find the value of x² 10 –2
y x x² x³ – x²
x² + a = x ....(i) 53 – 53 1
x² – x = –a ....(ii) 1 2 3
Ex.110 If + + ...... 1
x 1 x 2 x 3
x² x a 5 3 1 multiply and divided
x ³ – x² 1007
= 1249
From equation (i) x 1007
1
x x x x x
find + ...... 1 53 1
x³ – x² x 1 x 2 x 1007
2
2 1 2 3
1 1 1
= Sol. + + ...... 53 1 53 – 5 3 1 (1)2
x² – x x 1 x 2 x 3
From equation (ii)
1007
x² x a –2 = 1249
= x 1007 a³+b³ = a+b (a²–ab+b²)
x ³ – x² a
Type – X 1 2 3 1
–1+ –1+ –1.......
x 1 x 2 x 3 53 1
a2 – bc b2 – ac c2 – ab 1 3
Ex.108 If x
a2 bc b2 ac c2 ab –1 = 1249 – 1007 53 13
x 1007
= 1 Find
2a 2 2b 2 2c 2 x x x
+ ...... 1 1
a 2
bc b 2
ac c 2
ab x 1 x 2 x 1007 2 1
53 1 = 53 1 = A 5 3 B 53 c
= –242 5 1 6
a2 – bc b2 – ac c2 – ab Ex.111 If x = 101 find the value of
Sol. =1
a2 bc b2 ac c2 ab 1
Added 1 every terms x x 2 – 3x 3 53 1 2 1
=A 5 3 B 53 c
6 6
a 2 – bc b 2 – ac c 2 – ab Sol: x x – 3x2
3
2
1 1+ 2 + Comparison of the terms
a bc b 2 ac c ab
x³ – 3x² + 3x
1 =1+3 1 1
We add and substract 1 then, A = 0, B = and C =
2 2 2 2 6 6
a – bc a bc b – ac b ac x³–3x²+3x–1+1
x
x–1+1
+ = (x–1)³+1
–1)³+1
a 2 bc b2 ac 1 1
Put the value x Then, A+ B – C = 0 + – =0
6 6
c 2 – ab c 2 ab = (101–1)³ +1
+ 4
c 2 ab = 100³+1 = 1000001 1
Ex.114 : If 3 3
Ex.112 If x = 102 find the value of 16 4 1
2a 2 2b 2 2c 2 x(x²+3x+3)
4 =A 3 3
2 2
a bc b ac c ab 2
Sol: x(x²+3x+3) 16 + B 4 + C
Note: In this type of question when x³ + 3x² + 3x Find the value of A + B + C
base d is sam e we add o r We add and substract 1 then, 1
substract 1 x³+3x²+3x+1–1 Sol. 3 3 = A 3 16 + B3 4 + C
16 4 1
1 2 3 = (x+1)³–1
Ex.109 If + + = 10, Put the value x 1 2 1
a –1 b 2 c 3 2 1
=A 4 3 B 4 3 C
= (102 + 1)³ +1 = 103³+1
Find t he v al ue of 43 – 43 1
= 1092727+ 1 = 1092728
a b c 1
+ + 1
a –1 b – 2 c – 3 Ex.113 : If 3
43 – 1 multiply and divided
25 – 3 5 1
1 2 3 = A 3 25 + B3 5 + C 1
Sol. + + = 10
a –1 b 2 c 3 Find the value of A + B – C 1 43 – 1
1 2 3 1 2
+1+ +1+ +1 Sol. 1 1 1
a –1 b 2 c 3 3
25 – 3 5 1 43 – 1 43 4 3 1 (1)2
= 10+1+1+1 = A 3 25 + B3 5 + C
EXERCISE
1. The value of
a b c a b c 13. If x =3 + 2 2 , t h en th e v al ue of
1 1 1 1
5. If then is equal to
1 1 1 1
3 4 7 c 1
is: x –
x x 1 x 2 x 3 is :
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3 x
1 (a) 1 (b) 2
(a) 1 (b) x +4 144 14.4
x 4 6. If , then the value of x is (c) 2 2 (d) 3 3
0.144 x
14. If p = 999, t hen th e v alue of
1 x 4 (a) 144 (b) 14.4
(c) (d) (c )1.44 (d) 0.0144 3 p p2 3p 3 1 is
x x 7. If 1 < x < 2 , th en t he valu e of
(a) 1000 (b) 999
2. If x = 7 – 4 3 , th en t he v alu e of 2 2 (c) 998 (d) 1002
x –1 x –3 is
2
1 (a) 1 (b) –2 xy y
x is : 15. If x : y = 7 : 3 then the value of
x (c) 3 (d) 2x – 4 2 2
x –y
8. Given that 100.48 = x, 100.70 = y and xz =
y2 , then the value of z is close to is
(a) 3 3 (b) 8 3
(a) 1.45 (b) 1.88 (c) 2.9 (d) 3.7 3 4 3 7
(c) 14 8 3 (d) 14 (a) (b) (c) (d)
5 4 3 7 3
9.
9 If 47.2506 = 4A + 7B + 2C + + 6E ,
2a b D x
3. If 3 , then find the value of
then the value of 5A + 3B + 6C + D +
16. If xx x = x x , then x equals
a 4b
3E is
a b (a) 53.6003 (b) 53.603 4 2 9 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
a 2b (c) 153.6003 (d) 213.0003 9 3 4 2
10. If 3x+3+7= 250, then x is equal to 17. If a = 7, b = 5 and c = 3, then the value
5 2 10 10 (a) 5 (b) 3 (c) 2 (d) 1 of a2 +b2 +c 2 –ab –bc –ca is
(a) (b) (c) (d) (a) 12 (b) –12 (c) 0 (d) 8
9 7 9 7 1 2 3 4 5 31 1
11. If ..... x t he 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 3 1 5 4 6 8 10 12 64 2 . . . . –3 . . . .
4. If A : B = : B:C= : and C : D value of x is 3 3 3 4 4 4 3 4 5 5 5 5
2 8 3 9 18. is
(a) 31 (b) 32 (c) 36 (d) 37 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
. . . – . . .
53 3 3 4 4 5 5 3 4 4 5 5 3
= : then find the ratio of A : B : C 3 1 3 –1
6 4 12. If x & y , t hen equal to
:D 3 –1 3 1
2 3 47 49
(a) 6 : 4 : 8 : 10 (b) 6 : 8 : 9 : 10 value of x2+ y2 is : (a) (b) (c) (d)
(c) 8 : 6 : 10 : 9 (d) 4 : 6 : 8 : 10 (a) 14 (b) 13 (c) 15 (d) 10 3 4 60 60
1 1 1
x3+ 2 is 1
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) (d) 3
4 2 x (a) 2p2 (b) 2
2p
5x 1 9 25 7
183. If = , then the value of (a) – (b) – (c) (d) 11 1
2x ² 5x 1 3 8 8 8 (c) p +3 (d)
p 3
1 194. If a + b + c = 15 and a +b +c2 = 83
2 2
SOLUTION
SOL
1 1 1 1 1 7 4 3 1 3
1 1 1 = × 4. (c) A : B = :
1. (d) 2 8
x x 1 x 2 x 7–4 3 7 4 3
8 : 6
1 7 4 3 4 : 3
1 = = 7 + 4 3
x 3 49 – 48
1 5
Taking L.C.M of each term. B : C :
1 3 9
x+ =7–4 3 +7+4 3 = 14
x 1 x 1 1 x 2 1 x 9 : 15 3 : 5
x x 1 x 2 2a+b 5 3
3. (c) = 3 (giv en) C : D :
a+4b 6 4
x 3 1 2a + b = 3 (a+4b) 20 : 18 10 : 9
x 3 2a + b = 3a + 12b
A : B : C : D
–a = 11b 4 : 3
1 x 4 a = –11b 3 : 5
× (x
( x +4)
x x a+b 10 : 9
a+2b 8 : 6 : 10 : 9
2. (d) x = 7 – 4 3
–11b+b a b c
5. (c) = = = k
1 1 –11b+2b 3 4 7
x 7–4 3 a = 3k
–10b 10 b = 4k
By rationalisation = =
–9b 9 c = 7k
b a se e q u a l p o w e r a r e e q u a l :
7 – 4 3 7 – 4 3 3
(x = y) y2 = = = 3 10 00 = 1000
0.48z = 1.40 49 – 48 1
30 6 2 24
1 1 x = 2 + 1 + 2 2 = 2 1 = 4 4 16 = = 12
= = 2 2
x
2 2 18. (c)
x = 2 + 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
–3
1 1 1 1 1 1
or 36 = x 1 1 3 3 3 4 4 4 3 4 5 5 5 5
2 2 = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
x 2 1 –
x = 36 3 3 4 4 5 5 3 4 4 5 5 3
5 1 5 –1 m 2x n 2x o 2x 4 2 3
1 + x =
20. (b) a = b = m 3x n 3x o 3x 4
5 –1 5 1
1 3 2 3
2x m n o 2 =
1 4
a = =
3x m n o 3
b 1
2
3
2
2 1 3
mp + nr + ot : mq + ns + ou =
4
1
a + b = a + 2
a 2:3 1 3
1 + x
24.
24 (c) x : y = 3 : 4 4
5 1 5 –1
+ 1 3
x 1 x =
5 –1 5 1 7 3 3 2
y y 7 3
7x 3y 4
Similarly,
5 1 2 5 5 1–2 5 =y x =
7x – 3y 7 –3 3 3 –1
2 y 7 –3 1– x
2 4 2
5 – 1
1 x 1– x
21 21 12 1 1 x 1– 1– x
6 2 5 6–2 5 12 3
= = 3 4 4 11 1 3 3 –1
5 –1 4 = 21 = 21 – 12 =
–3 3 2 2
= +
2 2 4 4 1 3 3 –1
a ab b 1 1–
2 2
2 2 1
a – ab b
25. (b) x + x + a2 1 3 3 –1
4 =
2 1 3 3 3– 3
a ab 2
2 1 2
a x 2 x a
= 1 3 3 1
= 2 1 8
a – ab 3 3 1 3 3 1
2 [(A + 2BA + B ) = (A + B)²]
2 2
a
x3 x3 x6
= 3 3 2 2 3 6 3 2 169 = 169
7 –2
31. (b) = a 7 b hence, x = 4
7 2 = 3 3 2 2 9 2 6 3 39. (d) (x – 3) 2 + (y – 4) 2 + (z – 5) 2 = 0
x3 = 9 3 11 2 (x – 3) 2 = 0 x = 3
7 –2 7 –2
L.H.S = × (y – 4) 2 = 0 y = 4
7 2 7 –2 1
(Rationalisation) 3 = 9 3 – 11 2 (z – 5) 2 = 0 z = 5
x
2
(x + y + z) 4 + 3 +5 12
7 –2 1
7 4–4 7 x + 3 = 9 3 11 2 + 9 3 – 11 2
3
40. (c) x = 3 + 8
= 2 = x
7 – 4 7–4
= 18 3 1 1
Alternate: =
11 – 4 7 x 3 8
=
3 x = 3 2
11 4 4 11 1 1 1 3 – 8
– 7 = – 7 + 3 = 3– 2 = ×
3 3 3 x
x 3 8 3 – 8
= a 7+b = R.H.S 1
and x + = 3 2 + 3– 2
x 3 – 8
Compare the cofficients of 7 and = = 3 – 8
constant term = 2 3 9 –8
3
4 1 1 1 1
a = – x3 = x – 3 x
3 x3 x x x+ = 3+ 8 + 3– 8 = 6
x
11 3
b = = 2 3 – 3 2 3
3 1
x + = 6
1 1 1 = 24 3 – 6 3 = 18 3 x
32. (c) a+ =1, b+ =1
=1 =1, c+ = ?
b c a 34. (c) x + y = 7 (cubing both sides) squaring both sides
Put values, (x + y) 3 = (7) 3
x 3 + y 3 + 3(x + y)xy = 343 1
1 x2 + 2 + 2 = 36
a = b = 2 c = –1 x 3 + y 3 + 21xy = 343 x
2
35. (c) x 1/3 + y 1/3 = z 1/3
1 (cubing both sides) 1
1 1 = –1 + 2 = 1 x2 + = 34
c+ = –1 + 1/3 1/3 3 1/3 3 2
a x y = z x
2
1 1 1 3 4
65. (b) x + = 5
= = = 1 x + 6 = a + b 6
x –y 19 – 18 5 15
61. (b) 50% (p – q) = 30% (p + q) 2x By comparing cofficients of ratio-
2 nal and irrational parts.
p–q 3 3x – 5x 3
= (p + q) 3 4
2 10 (Divide by x)
a= b=
5 15
1 2x
50% 2
x 3 4
2 2 3 ,
3x 5x 3 3x –5 5 15
5(p –q) = 3 (p + q) – x
x x x
5p – 5q = 3p + 3q x 32
2 68. (a) 1 =
2p = 8q 2 96 1 31
= =
1 3 5–5 (Squaring both sides)
1p = 4q 3 x –5
x
p : q x 1024
1+ =
4 : 1 2 1 961 961
10 5
a b a 3 961 x 1024
62. (a) = = =
3 2 b 2 x
3 3 961 961
66. (b) 1– =
100 5 x = 1024 – 961 = 63
2a 3b 2 3 3 2
=
3a – 2b 3 3–2 2 2 a c e 3
3 3 69. (d) = = =
x
1– = b d f 1
6 6 12 100 5
= =
9–4 5 2 9 3 9 4 9
9 3
x
a b c 1– = 2 1 3 1 4 1
63. (d) + + = 1 25 100
1–a 1–b 1–c 18 27 36 81
16 3 = = = 9
Add 3 both sides x
= 2 3 4 9
25 100
a b c
+ + +3=1 + 3 1
1–a 1–b 1–c 16 100 70. (d) 2x + = 5
= x³ 3x
25
a b 6x 2 + 1 = 15x
1 + 1 + 16 × 4 = x³
1–a 1–b
4 = x 5x
2
c 6x 20 x 1
1 4 3 5 2
= 4 67. (d) = a + b
1–c 6
48 18 5x 5x 1
= = =
a 1–a b 1–b 15 x 20 x 35 x 7
4 3 5 2
+ +
1–a 1–b 16 3 9 2 1
71. (a) x 2 (Given)
c 1–c 4 3 5 2 y –1
= 4
1–c 4 3 3 2
1
4 3 5 2 4 3 –3 2 x = k × 2
1 1 1 × y –1
+ + = 4 4 3 3 2 4 3 –3 2
1–a 1–b 1–c (k is constant)
77. (c)(a – 3) + (b – 4) + (c – 9) = 0
2 2 2 Alternate:-
+ 1 + 1 = 0
a – 3 = 0 a = 3 x = y = z = 2
(a 2 – 2a + 1) + (b 2 + 2b + 1) +
(c 2 + 2c + 1) = 0 b – 4 = 0 b = 4 1 1 1 1
c – 9 = 0 c = 9 + + = +
(a – 1) 2 + (b + 1) 2 + (c + 1)² = 0 2 1 2 1 2 1 3
a = 1 a b c = 3 4 9
b = – 1 1 1
+ = 1
c = –1 = 16 = ±4 3 3
1 1 10 1000
2x 1 8x ³ 2
= 3
2x x³ + y³ + 3
3xy (x + y) = 3 3 27 x ³ 3 27
x y
Take cube both sides
1 1000 20
3 1 1 8x 3 = –
1
x³ + y³ + 3 = x y 27 x 3 27 3
= 2x = (3) 3 3 3 xy
2x x y
1000 – 180 820 10
= = = 30
1 27 27 27
3 1 1 1
= 8x 2x 3 3 – x³ – y³ = 3 102. (a) x + y = z
3 +3×2x× 2x x y
8x 2x
x + y – z = 0
= 27 1 If a+ b+ c = 0
4
100. (d) x 4 = 119 x > 1 then a³ +b³ + c³ –3abc = 0
3 1 x
= 8x + 3 × 3 = 27 x 3 + y 3 – z 3 = –3xyz
3
8x
8x
4 1 x 3 + y 3 – z 3 + 3xyz = 0
x
3 1 4 +2 = 119 + 2 = 121 3xyz – 3xyz = 0
8x x
3 = 27 – 9 = 18
8x a b
2 103. (c) + = 1
1 1 2 1 b a
1 x = (11) 2
97. (a) = + 2 a 2 + b 2 = ab
x y x y x
a 2 + b 2 – ab = 0
1 2 1 a 3 + b 3 = (a + b) (a 2 – ab + b 2)
x
x y 2 = 11 = (a + b)× 0 = 0
x
1 1 a b c
= (34 + 33 + 33) × 145. (d) + + = 1
137. (a) m 4 + = 119 2
m4 1–a 1–b 1–c
2 2 2
1 34 – 33 33 – 33 33 – 34 Adding 3 on both sides
m4 + 4 + 2 = 119 + 2
m a b c
1 + + +3 = 1 + 3
1
2 = 100 × (1 + 0 + 1) 1–a 1–b 1–c
m + 2
121 2
m2 = 100 × 1 = 100 a b c
142. (a) 2x .2 y = 8 2 x+y = 2 3 +1+ +1+ +1 = 4
1 1–a 1–b 1–c
m +
2
= 11 x + y = 3 .....(i)
m2
9 x.3 y = 81 a 1–a b+1–b c+1–c
1 3 2xx.3 y = 3 4 + + = 4
m² + – 2 =11 – 2 1–a 1–b 1–c
m² 2x + y = 4
2
2 .....(ii) 1 1 1
1 + + = 4
m– 9 from equation (i) and (ii), 1–a 1–b 1–c
m
x+ y = 3 146. (c)a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = 2 (a – b – c) – 3
1 2x + y = 4
m– 3 a 2 + b 2 + c 2 – 2a + 2b + 2c + 1 + 1 +
m – – –
–x = –1 1 = 0
138. (d) x + y + z = 6
x = 1 a 2 – 2a + 1 + b 2 + 2b + 1 + c 2 + 2c +
(x – 1) 3 + (y – 2) 3 + (z – 3) 3
y = 2 1 = 0
as x + y + z = 6
(x, y) = (1, 2)
Take values (a – 1) 2 + (b + 1) 2 + (c + 1) 2 = 0
143. (b) x 4 – 2x 2 + k
x = 1, y = 2, z = 3
(A + B)² = A 2 + 2AB + B 2 a = 1, b = – 1, c = –1
(1 + 2 + 3) = 6
(A – B) 2 = A 2 – 2AB + B 2 2a – 3b + 4c = 2 × 1 – 3 × –1 + 4
(1 – 1) 3 + (2 – 2) 3 + (3 – 3) 2 = 0
(x 2) 2 – 2 × x 2 + k ×– 1
Now assume values in options.
option 'd' satisfies the given (A) 2 – 2 × AB + B 2 = 2+ 3 – 4 = 1
relation. A = x 2, B = – 1
2 2
Hence 'd' is correct. B2 = K a –b b –c
139. (b) a + b + c = 6 (–1) 2 = K 147. (b) + +
b –c c –a a –b c –a
= a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = 14 K = 1
a 3 + b 3 + c 3 = 36 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Put values as –3 2
144. (c) 3 3 3 4 4 4 3 4 5 5 5 5 c –a
a = 1, b = 2, c = 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
–
3 3 4 4 5 5 3 4 4 5 5 3 a –b b –c
1 + 2 + 3 = 6
1 4 5 3 2 5 12
x = = 7– 3
149. (d)x (Inversely proportional) 5 3 5 3
y2 =
2
2 21 1 – 21
k 2 20 3
x = or
5 3
y2
7– 3
(y = 2) for (x = 1) (Given) x 2 5 =
= 2 21 1 – 21
k k 12 5 3
1 = 2 1=
2 4 by C – D rule 7– 3
=
k = 4 x 12 2 5 5 3 2
For y = 6 =
x – 12 2 5– 5– 3 155. (a) (x b+c) b–c (x c+a ) c–a (x a+b) a–b (x 0)
4 1 1 2 2
–c . 2
–a 2 2
–b 2
x = 2 =
9
=
9 3 5 3 = xb xc . xa
6 =
5– 3 2
–c 2 c 2 –a 2 a 2 –b 2 = x 0 = 1
150. (d) x 2 – y 2 = 80 xb
(x – y) (x
( x + y) = 80 x 2 3
= x 1 1
x – y = 8 ......(I) 20 156. (c) = –
5 3 a a x
(x + y) × 8 = 80
(x + y) = 10 ......(II) 2 3 5 3
x 20 x 1 1
Now average of x and y = – = –
x – 20 2 3– 5– 3 a a x
x y 10
= = 3 3 5 x –1 1
2 2
= = –
= 5 3– 5 a x
2abc 0 1 1 4 6
4x – 3 3x 2 = 0 1
x = bc ac – ab 4 1 1 6
2 1
4×–4×2– –3 1 x² + + 2 = 16
x – = 9 x²
4×–4 x
Take cube on both sides 1
–32 – 9 41 x² + = 14
= = x²
–16 16 1 1
x³³ – – 3 x – = 729 Squaring again
182. (a) x 4 – 2x² + k x³ x
1
2 x4 +
(x²)² – 2 × x² × 1 + k 1 4 = 196 – 2 =194
x³ – – 3 × 9 = 729 x
x³ 189. (c) x + y + z = 6
2
A² – 2 × A × B + k 1 x² + y² + z² = 20
x³ – = 729 + 27 = 756 (x + y + z) 2 = (6) 2
x³
k = 1 x² + y² + z² + 2 (xy + yz + zx) = 36
2
k = 1 1
186. (d) a = 3 20 + 2 (xy + yz + zx) = 36
5x a
1 2(xy + yz + zx) = 16
183. (d) 2 =
2x 5x 1 3 1 xy + yz + zx = 8
a + = 3 x³ + y³ + z³ – 3xyz
a
5 = (x + y +z) (x² + y² + z² – xy – zx – yz)
1 Take cube on both sides
2x ² 5x 1 = x³ + y³ + z³ – 3xyz = 6 (20 – 8)
3 3
x x x 1 3 = 6 × 12 = 72
a = 3
a
5 190. (b) x = 1 – 2
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2
2x 5 = 3 = a³ + + 3a × a =3 3 = ×
x a³ a a x 1– 2 1 2
1 1 1 2 1 2
2x 5 = 15 = a³ + + 3 3 = 3 3 = = = 2 1
x a³ 1–2 –1
2 = 2 (satisfy) 1 1 1 1
x³ – ³ x– k² + =
= 3 x 4 4
1 1 x
x² x³ k² = 0
x² x³
1 1 k = 0
= (1 + 1) (1 + 1) x– x² 1
= 2 × 2 = 4 x x² 1
208. (a) a, b, c, are +ve integers 215. (a) Reciprocal of x
x
So, minimum value is a = b = c = 1 1
= 3 x–
Putting the value of x in equation x
1
a³ + b³ + c³ – 3abc 1 x
1 = x =
= 1 + 1 + 1 – 3 × 1× 1× 1 =0 x² + 1 + = 3 x x² 1
Hence minimum value is 0. x²
1 1
x y x ² – xy y² 225. (b) x – = 1
a = = x
b xy
1 1 1 1 4 1
+ x –
a²+1 b²+1 x+y= 3 – 3 + 3 + 3 =2 3 2
x
2
1 1 3x 5x – 3
+ 1 1
1 b²+1 xy = 3 – 3 divide and multiply by x
1 3 3
b²
4
1 x 1
8 –
1 1 = 3– = x 3
+ 3 3 x
1+b² b²+1 2
3x 5x 3
b² x y x² y²+2x y–2x y – x y –
x x x
b² 1 xy
+
b²+1 b²+1 2 1 3 1
x y x y – 3xy 3 x –
x –
b²+1 x³ x³
= 1 xy = 3 1
b²+1 3x – 5 3 x – 5
x x
2 8
218. (d) 2 3 a = 2– 3 b = 1 2 3 2 3 –3
3 1
1 8 x –
= 1
= 2 3 x
a 3 Take cube on both sides
By rationals
2 3 12 – 8 3
2 3 3 4 1
1 =3 3 x – = (1) 3
= 2– 3 8 8 x
b
3
1 1 223. (b) x² + ax + b 1 1
+ =2– 3 +2+ 3 = 4 x³ – – 3 x – = 1
a b 1 2 x³ x
x² + 2 × a × x + b
2
1 1 1 1
219. (a) a+ = b+ = c+ x³ – – 3 = 1
b c a A² + 2 × A × B + B² = (A + B) 2 x³
To save your time assume values of
1 1
a, b, c according to equation. A = x, B = a, B 2
2 x³ – = 4
x³
1 2
Let a = 2, b = – 1 & c = = b , B = b
2 3 1
x –
2 x³ 4 4 1
1 1 1 1 1 = = = =
2+ = – 1+ = + x a be perfect square 1 3 1 5 8 2
–1 1/2 2 2 2 3 x – 5
x
= 1 = 1 = 1 1 1
at b = 2 a b= 4 a² 226. (d) x + y = 15
1
abc = 2 × – 1 × = – 1 a² = 4b x – 10 = 5 – y
2
1 a² – ax x² – a² – ax – x2 2ax 1
2 x – –3 = + 248. (d) x 2 + y 2 + z 2 – xy – xz – yz = [(x
x (a² x² ax)(a² x² – ax) a 4 a 2x ² x 4 2
2 4–3 – y) 2 + (y – z) 2 + (z – x) 2]
1 –2ax 2ax
3 x – –4 3 4–4
x = + 1
a2 x 2
2
– ax
2 a4 x4 a²x² = [(997 – 998) 2 + (998 – 999) 2
2
8–3 5 + (999 – 997) 2]
= = =0.625 –2ax 2ax
12 – 4 8 = + 1
a4 x4 2x2a2 – a²x ² a4 x4 a 2x ² = (1+1+4) = 3
237. (b) a = 2.234 2
b = 3.121 –2ax 2ax
c = –5.355 = + = 0 1
a4 x4 x 2a ² a4 x4 a 2x ² 249. (c)
249 x+ =3
a + b + c= 0 x
243. (b) x = 11
a³ + b³ + c³ – 3abc = (a + b + c)
x 5 – 12x 4 + 12x 3 – 12x 2 + 12x – 1
(a² + b² + c² – ab – bc – ca) = 0 2 1
= x5 – 11x4 – x4 + 11x3 + x3 – 11x2 ––x
–x²
x² + 3x 3
238. (d) x² + y² + 1 = 2x 2 –4 3 x –4
11x + x – 1 3x 3 – 4x x x x
x² – 2x + 1 + y² = 0
= (11) 5 – 11× (11) 4 – (11) 4 + 11 × 2 2 1
(x – 1)² + y² = 0 x 1– x x 1 x x –1
(11) 3 + 11³– 11 × (11) 2 – (11 × –
If A² + B² = 0 x x x x
11) + (11 × 11) + (11) – 1
As powers are even = 0 – 0 + 0 + 0 + 11 – 1 = 10
it can possible only 244. (c) p = 99 3 3–4 9–4 5
when A = 0 & B = 0 = = =
p(p² + 3p +3) 3 –1 3 –1 2
x – 1 = 0 p³ + 3p² + 3p + 1 – 1
x = 1 250. (d) x = 3 + 2 2
(p + 1)³ – 1
y = 0
(99 + 1)³ – 1 1
x³ + y 5 = 1 + 0 = 1 = 3 – 2 2
239. (a) 3(a² + b² + c²) = (a + b + c)² (100)³ – 1 x
by options a = b = c 1000000–1 = 99999 1
3(a² + a² + a²) = 9a² 245. (c) From option (c) LHS (x + 2)² = x² x + = 3 + 2 2 + 3 – 2 2
x
9a² = 9a² + 4x + 4
RHS = x² + 2x + 4 1
240. (a) x x –3 –1 x + = 6
LHS RHS x
–1
(x – 3) = 2 3
x 1 1
246. (a) a = 3 x = (6) 3
Taking cube on both sides a x
3
–1 1
(x – 3) 3 = a + = 3 1
x a x3 + 3 + 3 × 6 = 216
Cube on both sides x
–1
x³ – 27 – 9x (x – 3) =
x³ 1
3
3 1
–1 a = 3 x3 + 3 = 216 – 18 = 198
x³ – 27 – 9 × – 1 = a x
x³
1 6 4 2
–1 a³ + + 3 3 = 3 3 x x x 1
x³ – 27 + 9 = a³ 3
x³ x
1
–1 a³ + = 0 1
x³³ – 18 = a³ 1
x³ = x3 + x + + 3
1 x x
³(x³³ – 18) = –1
x³(x³ 247. (a) a + = 3
a
241. (a) a² + 4b² + 4b – 4ab – 2a – 8 1 1
Take cube on both sides x3 +
= a² – 4ab + 4b² – 2a + 4b – 8 = 3 + x +
x x
= (a –2b)² – 2 (a – 2b) – 8 1 1 a 1 3
= 198 + 6 = 204
Put t = a – 2b a³+ +3a× a = 3
a³ a
251. (c) (a + b – c) 2 + (b + c – a) 2 + (c + a
= t² – 2t – 8
= t² – 4t + 2t – 8 1 – b)2 = ?
= t(t – 4) + 2(t – 4) a³+ +3× 3 3 3 a + b + c = 0 (given)
a³
= (t + 2) (t – 4)
1 a + b = –c
= (a – 2b – 4) (a – 2b + 2) a3 + = 0
(Put the value of assume t ) a³ b + c = –a
1
t 2 + 1 = 4t x 24 1 x 24 1
b²
b² b² 1 2 x 12 x12 x12
3 3 t 1 4t
=
t t 1
x12
2b 3b x12 = 7
4 2 t+ = 4
t Cubing both sides
3 [take cube both sides] 3
1
x12 = 73
1 1 25 1 1 x12
255. (a) x + = 2 = t + + 3t t t t = 64
x 12 12 t
1 3 x12 1 x12 1
x 36
1 675 t³ + = 64 – 12 = 52 x 36
x12 x12
x2 + 2 + 2 = t³
x 144 = 343
1 1
1 625 t3 + = 52 x 36
x2 + 2 = – 2 t3 x 36 + 3 × 7 = 343
x 144
259. (d) 3 3 3
a b c 1
1 625 – 288 Take cube both sides x 36
x + 2 =
2 x 36 = 343 – 21
x 144 3 3
3
3
3
a b c 1
x 36 x 72 1
1 337
x + 2 =
2 1 1 x 36 = x 36
x 144 a+b+3 a 3b 3 3
a 3
b =c = 322
So ratio of a : b : c = 1 : 1 : 1 a³ + b³
=? 1
ab a+ = 3
x y z a
305. (c) =b–c; =c–a; =a–b a+b
3
– 3ab a + b
a b c = ? cube both sides
3 3 3 ab
x y z x y z 1 1 1 3
3 3– 2 3 2 a3 + 3 a a 3
a b c a b c a +b = + a3 a a =
3 2 3– 2
x y z 3x yz
0 =
2 2 1
a b c abc 3– 2 3 2 a3 + 3 3
2 2
a3
x a+2 3 – 2
306. (b) = = 3 3
y a–2 2 2
2 3 2
2 1
x2 a+2 1 a3 + = 0
= a3
y2 a–2
2
2 × (5) a + b = 10
Again a + 1 = 0
6
Applying Componendo & Dividendo
3– 2 3 2 a 30 + a 24 + a 18 + a 12 +a 6 +1
x ² – y² a+2 ²– a–2 ² 8a 4a
= = a × b = = a 24 (a 6 + 1)+a 12 (a 6+1)+a 6+1
x ² + y² a + 2 ² + a – 2 ² 2a² + 8 a² + 4 3 2 3– 2
= a 24 (0)+a 12 (0)+0 = 0
a b ab = 1
307. (c) + =2 1 1 1
b a a+b – 3ab a + b
3
314. (d) = +
a² + b² = 2ab a b a b
(a – b)² = 0 ab
a – b = 0 10³ – 3 1 10 1 b a
308. (a) Put (x + y + z) = 10 1 =
a b ab
x = 2 1000 – 30 = 970
y = 3 312. (c) (2a–1)²+(4b–3)²+(4c+5)² = 0 ab = a² + b² +2ab
z = 5 to find a² + b² + ab = 0
x(x + y + z) = 20 a³ – b³ = (a–b) (a² + b²+ ab)
a³ + b³ + c³ – 3abc
2(10) = 20 = (a–b) (0) = 0
Similarly other will satisfied a² + b² + c²