What is Computer Hardware

Hardware refers to the external and internal devices and equipment that enable you to perform
major functions such as input, output, storage, communication, processing, and more.
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
The CPU is the brain of a computer, containing all the circuitry needed to process input, store
data, and output results. The CPU is constantly following instructions of computer programs that tell it
which data to process and how to process it.
Memory (RAM and ROM)
RAM is volatile memory that temporarily stores the files you are working on.
ROM is non-volatile memory that permanently stores instructions for your computer.
Storage devices
It is typically used to store, transfer, and extract data files. It is an essential component of a
computer, and one of its manifestations is the hard drive. A computer storage device allows its owner to
save and securely access data and applications stored on the computer.
Expansion cards
An expansion card, also known as an expansion board or add-on card, is a hardware component
that you can insert into a computer's expansion slot to enhance its functionality.’
Input & Output Devices
I/O devices are the pieces of hardware used by a human (or other system) to communicate with a
computer.
Power Supply
The main function of a power supply is to convert electric current from a source to the correct
voltage, current, and frequency to power the load.
Cooling System
Apparatus employed to keep the temperature of a structure or device from exceeding limits
imposed by needs of safety and efficiency.

Computer Software
What is Computer Software?
a series of programs, data and instructions used in a computer's hardware to help the device
operate and your complete tasks.
Operating Systems
A program that acts as an interface between the computer user and computer hardware, and
controls the execution of programs.
Example of Operating System

• Windows
• MacOS
• Linux
• Unix
• Android
• IOS
• ChromeOS
• Ubuntu
System Software
A type of computer program that is designed to run a computer's hardware and application
programs.
Example of System Software

• Device Drivers
• Firm wares
Application Software
A type of computer program that performs a specific personal, educational, and business function.
Example of Application Software

• Microsoft Word
• Google Chrome
• Adobe Reader
• Microsoft Teams
• Games
Programming languages
A programming language is a way for programmers (developers) to communicate with
computers.
Example of Programming Languages

• Java
• C++
• HTML
• CSS
• PHP
• JAVASCRIPT
• XML
• PYTHON