COMBINED MATHS ^ixhqla; .

Ks;h&

ir, f¾Ldj (Straight Line)

Name :- ………………………………………………... School :-……………………………………..

1 my; tla tla wjia:dj,g wod, ir, f¾Ldfõ iólrKh fidhkak'

(i) (2,-4) yryd hk wkql%uKh 1$2 jk f¾Ldj
(ii) (5,3), (3,4) yryd hkakd jQ f¾Ldj
(iii) X yd Y wCI u; ms,sfj,ska -7 yd 2 wka;#LKav idok f¾Ldj
(iv) 3y-2x-1=0 f¾Ldjg ,ïNlj (1,1) yryd hkakd jq f¾Ldj
(v) (3,-1) yd (-4,1) ,CIhd lrk f¾Ldjg ,ïnlj uq, ,CIh yryd hkakdjQ f¾Ldj'

2 x  2 y  7  0 f¾Ldj u; A 1, 3  ,CIh msysgk nj fmkajkak' A isg tall 4 ÿßka f¾Ldj u;

jk B yd C ,CI foflys LKavdxl fidhkak'

3 P 1,  2  ,CIh x  y  1  0 f¾Ldj u; fkdmsysgk nj fmkajkak'

P isg tall 2la ÿßka" f¾Ldj u; msysgk Q yd R ,CI fol fidhkak'

4 OX u; wka;#LKav 4 o OY u; wka;#LKavh -2 o jk f¾Ldfõ iólrKh fidhkak'

5 PQRS iudka;rdi%hls' tys P  5, 1 , Q 1, 1 yd S  5, 3  fõ' R ,CIHfha LKavdxl fidhkak'
PQRS iudka;rdi%fha j¾.M,h fidhkak'

6  a  1 x  by  2 a  b yd y  2 x  1 u.ska tlu ir, f¾Ldjla ksrEmKh lrkq ,nhs kï a,b ys

w.hka fidhkak'

7 iudka;rdi%hl Ys¾I ms<sfj,ska    1, 2   1 ,    2,    ,  2, 2   1 yd  3,  1 fõ'  yd  ys

w.hka fidhkak'

8 0
x  2 y  1  0 f¾Ldj iuÕ 45 fldaKhla idokakd jQo 1, 3 ,CIH yryd hkakd jQo f¾Ldj,
iólrK fidhkak'

9 (i)  0, 0  iy  3,1 ,CIH hd lrk f¾Ldj  3, 6  iy  3, 4  hd lrk f¾Ldjg iudka;r

nj fmkajkak'
(ii)  4, 7  iy  2, 5  ,CIH hd lrk f¾Ldj  3, 5  iy   2,1 ,CIH hd lrk f¾Ldjg
,ïN nj fmkajkak'
(iii)  2,  3  ,  6,1 ,  2, 5  ,CIH ;=k iup;=ri%hl YS¾I nj fmkajd tys y;rjk YS¾Ifha
LKavdxl ,nd.kak'

10 2 x  5 y  7  0 iy 3 x  4 y  6  0 ir, f¾Ldj, fþok ,CIH yryd hk my; oelafjk tl

tlla wjYH;d ;Dma; lrk ir, f¾Ldj, iólrk fidhkak'
(i) uQ, ,CIHh yryd hk (ii) 1, 2  ,CIH yryd hk
(iii) 5 x  y  7  0 g ,ïN (iv) x  y  1  0 g iudka;r
(v) wkql%uKh 4 jk (vi) x – wCIhg iudka;r

11 RcqfldaKdi% ldàishdkq LKavdxl wkqj ;%sfldaKhl fldaK YS¾I (1,3), (5,3) iy (4,6) fjhs'
;%sfldaKfha G kï flakaølh" S kï mßflakaøh iy H kï ,ïn flakaøh fidhkak' G
,CIfhka SH f¾Ldj fnfokafka 1(2 wkqmd;hg nj fmkajkak'
12 (i) ABC jQ l,S AB=AC jQ iuoaùmdo ;%sfldaKhls' AB, BC f¾Ldj, iólrK ms<sfj,ska
2 x  y  1 yd x  2 y  1  0 fjhs' 2 x  11 y  0 f¾Ldjg AC iudka;r nj fmkajkak'
A  (2, 3) kï C ys LKavdxl fidhkak'
(ii) ( a cos  , b sin  ), ( a cos  , b sin  ) ,CI fol yryd jefgk f¾Ldfõ iólrKh
x   y    
cos  sin  cos nj fmkajkak'
a 2 b 2 2
(iii) (2,-3) ,CIfha isg tall 5l ÿrlska msysgk fia X wCIh u; msysgk ,CIh foll LKavdxl
fidhkak' tu ,CIH fol;a" (2,-3) ,CIh;a YS¾I jQ ;%sfldaKfha j¾.M,h fidhkak'

13 PQR hkq ;%sfldaKhls' tys P(1,1), Q(5,5) yd R(4,7) fõ'

(i) P isg QR g weÈ ,ïNlfha iólrKh fidhkak'
(ii) Q isg PR g weÈ ,ïNlfha iñlrKh fidhkak'
(iii) PQR ys ,ïN flakaøh (7,4) nj wfmdaykh lr tys j¾.M,h fidhkak'

14 A(4,4), B(5,3) yd C(6,0) f,i § ;sfnhs'

(i) ABC ;%sfldaKfha j¾.M,h fidhkak' (ii) ABC ;%sfldaKfha mßflakaøh fidhkak'
(iii) mßjD;a; wrh tall 5 nj fmkajkak'

15 ;%sfldaKhl Ys¾I A(h,k), B(-2,5), C(3,1) fjhs' YS¾I j, isg iïuqL mdo j,g weÈ ,ïn j, fþok
,CIHh uQ, ,CIHh kï h ys;a" k ys;a w.hhka fidhkak'

16 (i) 3 x  2 y  1  0 yd  x  3 y  2  0 hkq tlu ir, f¾Ldjl iólrKh fõ'  yd 

fidhkak'
(ii) (  2) x  y  3  0 yd 2 x  (   1) y  2  0 iólrKh tlu f¾Ldjla ksrEmkh lrhs'  yd
 w.h fidhkak'

4
17 (i) 3 x  4 y  11  0 g ,ïNj wka;#LKavh f¾Ldfõ iólrKh fidhkak'
3
(ii) (2,1) yryd hñka 6 x  5 y  1  0 f¾Ldj iu. 450 l fldaKhla idok f¾Ldj, iólrK
fidhkak'
18 ABC ;%sfldaKfhys BC, CA, AB iólrK ms<sfj,ska 3 x  y  5  0, 2 x  3 y  1  0 yd x  2 y  3  0
fõ' A yryd BC g ,ïNl f¾Ldjg B yryd CA g iudka;r f¾Ldj D ys§ yuqfõ' uQ, ,CIHh yd
D hd lrk f¾Ldfõ iólrKh fidhkak'

19 (i) x  2 y  7  0 yd 3 x  2 y  4  0 f¾Ldj, fþok ,CIHh yryd o 1,1 yryd o .uka

lrk ir, f¾Ldfõ iólrKh fidhkak'
(ii) iu oaúmdo ;%sfldaKhl iudk mdo foflys iólrK ms<sfj,ska 7 x  y  3  0 yd
x  y  3  0 fõ' tys ;=kajk mdoh 1,  10  yryd hhs kï tys iólrKh fidhkak'
(iii) A,B,C ,CIH j, LKavdxl ms<sfj,ska  2, 3  , 1,1 yd 1, 4  fõ' B isg AC g we¢ ,ïnlfha
iólrKh fidhkak'
20 x,y wCI u; ms<sfj,ska a,b wka;#LKav we;s AB ir, f¾Ldfõ iólrKh x  y  1 nj
a b
2 2
idOkh lrkak' x,y wCI u; ms<sfj,ska a h , b k wka;#LKav we;s CD ir, f¾Ldfõ
iólrKh ,shkak' AB yd CD ys fþok ,CIHh jQ Q ys LKavdxl fidhkak'  h, k  ,CIH AB
u; msysáfha kï" Q ;a uQ, ,CIHh;a hd lrk f¾Ldfõ iólrKh kx  hy  0 nj idOkh
lrkak'

21 3 x  2 y  2  0 " 3 x  2 y  10  0 yd x  5 hk ir, f¾Ld mdo f,i we;s ;%sfldaKfha"

(i) mßflakaøfha LKavdxl" (ii) flakaølfha LKavdxl"
(iii) ,ïNflakaøfha LKavdxl" fidhkak' (iv) ;%sfldaKfha j¾.M,h o fidhkak'
ÿIalr ld¾hhla jqjo ÿIalr;djfhka jqjo lrf.k hk úg ÿIalr;djh myj hhs'
2
22 (i) 2 x  3 y  1  0 yd x  3 y  1  0 f¾Ld fofla fþok ,CIHh yryd hñka  1, 2  ,CIHh
yryd o hk f¾Ld fofla iólrKh fidhkak'
(ii) 4 x  13 y  1  0 yd x  3 y  9  0 f¾Ld fofla fþok ,CIHh yryd hk x  2 y  1  0
f¾Ldjg ,ïnl f¾Ldfõ iólrKh fidhkak'
(iii) u = 0 yd v = 0 hkq fþokh jk ir, f¾Ld folla kï" u   v  0 hkq tajdfha fþok
,CIHh yryd hk ´kEu f¾Ldjla nj fmkajkak'  úp,H mrdñ;shls'
ABCD iudka;rdi%hl" AB, BC, CD yd DA mdo j, iólrK ms<sfj,ska
ax  by  c  0, a ' x  b ' y  c  0, ax  by  c '  0, a ' x  b ' y  c '  0 fõ' AC yd BD úl¾K j,
iólrK fidhkak'
23 (i) 3 x  4 y  5  0 g ,ïnlj  4, 3  yryd hk f¾Ldj, iólrKh ,shkak'
(ii) 2x  3 y  1  0 f¾Ldj iu. 450 fldaKhla idoñka  3, 2  ,CIH yryd hk f¾Ldj,
iólrKh fidhkak'
(iii) A  1, 3  B  7,  4  ,CIH hd lrk f¾Ldfõ ndysrj 3(4 wkqmd;hg fnfok ,CIHfha
LKavdxl fidhkak'
1 1
24 (i)  ,   ,  8, 2  ,CIH yryd hk f¾Ldfõ iólrKh fidhkak'
 2 3
(ii) ;%sfldaKhl mdo OA, BC, AB úg" tajdfha iólrK 2 x  y  0, 3 x  y  0 iy
x  3 y  10  0 fõ' ;%sfldaKfha uOHia: WÉp mdo j, ,ïn iuÉfþol iumd; jk nj
fmkajkak'
(iii)  5,1 , 1, 1 iy 11, 4  ,CIH tal f¾Çh nj fmkajkak' fuu f¾Ldj x , y wCI u; idok
wka;#LKav fidhkak' wCI w;r we;s f¾Ld LKavfha È. fidhkak'
25 3 x  4 y  5  0 f¾Ldjg ,ïNlj 1, 2  yryd hk f¾Ldfõ iólrKh fidhkak' tkhska" 1, 2 
,CIHfha isg 3 x  4 y  5  0 g we;s ,ïNl ÿr fidhkak'

26 A  4,1 , B  3, 1 yd C  2, 0  ;%sfldaKhl YS¾Ika fõ'

(i) AB f¾Ldfõ È. fidhkak' (ii) AB f¾Ldfõ iólrKh fidhkak'
(iii) C isg AB g we;s ,ïNl ÿr fidhkak'
(iv) ABC ;%sfldaKfha j¾.M,h 1'5 tll nj wfmdaykh lrkak'

27 ;%sfldaKhl YS¾I ms<sfj,ska  5,8  ,  3,  2  yd 1, 4  fõ' ABC ;%sfldaKfha"

(i) flakaølh jk k ys (ii) mßflakaøh jk L ys
(iii) ,ïN flakaøh jk M ys LKavdxl fidhkak' (iv) KL : LM ys w.h fidhkak'

28 A  6, 2  , B  5, 0  yd C   4,  5  YS¾Iu; ABC ;%sfldaKh iuoaùmdo nj fmkajd ABC ;%sfldaKfha

flakaølh ,nd.kak'

29 AB f¾Ldj C ,CIHh u.ska 1(3 wkqmd;hg wNHka;rj fnokq ,efí' A  3, 2  , B  k , 3  yd C  72 , t 

fõ' k yd t w.h fidhkak'

30 ABCD p;=ri%hl A,B,C yd D ,CIH ms<sfj,ska  3,  1 ,  6, 0  ,  7, 3  yd  4, 2  fõ' tys úl¾K fol

tlsfklg ,ïNlj iuÉfþokh jk nj fmkajkak' tkhska ABCD ys j¾.M,h fidhkak'

31 A  27, 7  , B  3,  4  yd C   5,  3  fõ' A,B,C ,CIH tal f¾Çh nj fmkajkak'

32 (i) P yd Q hkq LKavdxl  a, b  iy  b, a  f,i jQ ,CIH folls' OP hkak OQ g os.ska

iudk njo" ,ïN nj o idOkh lrkak'
(ii) P ys LKavdxl  3, 2  jk w;r PQ hkak OP g ,ïN jk mßÈ iy È.ska iudk jkfia weo
we;' fuys O hkq uQ,hhs' Q LKavdxl fidhkak'

3
33 (i)  1,1 ,  5, 3  , 11, 9  iy  5, 7  ,CIH iudka;rdi%hl YS¾I nj fmkajd tys úl¾K j, È.
fidhkak'
(ii) A iy B hkq ms<sfj,ska LKavdxl  2, 0  iy  0, 3  jQ ,CIH folls' AB f¾Ldfõ
iólrKh fidhkak'

34 (i) 2 x  3 y  1  0, 4 x  3 y  5  0 yd x  y  2  0 mdo f,i we;s ;%sfldaKfha fldaK fidhkak'

(ii) iuoaúmdo ;%sfldaKhl iudk fkdjk mdoh lx  my  n  0 fjk w;r iudk fldaK tl
tlla  fõ' ;jo tys Ys¾Ifha LKavdxl  a , b  fõ' iudk mdoj, iólrK fidhkak'
(iii)  2, 7  ,CIHh yryd hk x  2 y  4 f¾Ldj iuÕ 450 la i|yd f¾Ld j, iólrK fidhkak'

35 ABC ;%sfldaKfha AB, AC mdoj, ,ïN iuÉfþol ms<sfj,ska 2 x  y  0, x  3 y  0 fõ' A ,CIHh

x  y  0 u; msysghs kï o BC mdoh   2,11 ,CIH yryd hhs kï o ;%sfldaKfha mdoj,
iólrK fidhkak'

36 l1 x  m1 y  n1  0 iy l2 x  m2 y  n2  0 ir, f¾Ld P ,CIHfha § yuqfõ"

(i) P ,CIHh uQ, ,CIHhg hd lrk f¾Ldfõ iólrKh"
(ii) P yryd hk l1 x  m1 y  n1  0 f¾Ldjg ,ïN jQ f¾Ldfõ iólrKh" fidhkak'

37  4, 5  , 1, 2  ,CIH hd lrk f¾Ldj x wCIh fþokh lrk ,CIHfha § LKavdxlh fidhd tu
f¾Ldj x wCIh u.ska fnfok wkqmd;h fidhkak'

38 (a) A   at 2 ,3at  , B   ak 2 ,3ak  kï AB os. fidhkak' t = 3 yd k = 1 fõ kï AB  10 a nj

wfmdaykh lrkak' fuys a ;d;aúl Ok ixLHdjls'
(b) P   1,1 yd Q   3, 1 ,CIHh X    , 2   ,CIHfha isg iuÿßka kï  ys w.h
fidhd X ys LKavdxl ,nd .kak'
(c)  4, 3  yd  3, 5  ,CIH hd lrk f¾Ldj OY wCIfhka fnfok wkqmd;h fidhkak'

(t  c) 2
39 y  mx  c, y  kx  t yd oy f¾Ld u.ska wka;¾.; jk ;%sfldaKfha j¾.M,h nj
2|mk |
x 7
fmkajkak' tkhska y   1, y  9 x  9 yd y   x  7 f¾Ldj,ska iEfok ;%sfldaKfha
5 5
14045
j¾.M,h j¾. tall nj fmkajkak'
1748

40 OA yd OB hkq O uQ,h Tiafia hk" wfkdakH jYfhka ,ïN ir, f¾aLd folls' by; f¾Ld fol
yd iólrKh y  2 x  k jk AB f¾Ldj u.ska" AOB iuoaúmdo ;%sfldaKhla iE§ we;' fuys k hkq
ksh;hls' OA ys iólrKh" m ksh;hla jk y = mx f,i .ksñka A yd B LKavdxl m yd k
weiqfrka ,nd.kak'
1 1
m = 3 fyda - nj" yd OAB ;%sfldaKfha j¾.M,h k 2 nj fmkajkak'
3 5

41 ABC ;%sfldakhl flakaølh O fõ' BO yd CO f¾Ldj, iólrK 3 x  y  0 yd x  2 y  0 fõ'

A Ys¾Ifha LKavdxlh (3,4) fõ' B yd C j, LKavdxl fidhkak'

42 A(1,1), B(-1,5) yd C(5,3) hkq ABC ;%sfldaKfha YS¾I fõ' Q(-3,0) isg AB go" R(4,1) isg AC go"
S(4,t) isg BC g o weÈ ,ïNl P ys§ yuqfõ' t ys w.h fidhkak' PQ f¾Ldj L ys§ AB o PR f¾Ldj
M ys§ AC f¾Ldj o lmhs' ALPM iudka;rdi%hla jk nj fmkajkak'

iEu ñksfilau Wmam;a;sfhka m%{djka;fhls' mßirh Tyqj fudavfhl= njg m;a lrhs'
4
43 ax  by  c  0, ax  by  d  0, a ' x  b ' y  c '  0 yd a ' x  b ' y  d '  0 hk ir, f¾Ldj,ska iE§
;sfnk iudka;rdi%fha úl¾Khkays iólrK fidhkak'
 a 2  b2   c ' d '2   a '2  b '2   c  d 2 kï iudka;rdi%h frdïnihla nj fmkajkak'
44 x  y  4  0, 7 x  y  8  0, x  7 y  8  0 ms<sfj,ska ;%sfldaKfha AB, BC, CA mdo j, iólrK fõ'
(i) ABC ;%sfldaKfha flakaølh" mßflakaølh" ,ïN flakaøh fidhkak'
(ii) BC g iudka;rj A yryd hk f¾Ldj fidhkak'
(iii) AB g ,ïnlj C yryd hk f¾Ldj fidhkak'

45 ABC ;%sfldaKlh AB,BC yd AC f¾Ldj, iólrK ms<sfj,ska x  y  1  0, 2 x  y  1  0 yd

x  3 y  1  0 fõ' A yd B ys LKavdxl m%ldYs; whqßka fkdfidhd A yd B yryd jQ WÉp j,
iólrK fidhkak' ,ïNflakaøfha LKavdxl wfmdaykh lrkak'

46 ABCD hkq iudka;rdi%hls' tys mdoj, iólrK ms<sfj,ska"

x  2 y  1  0, 3 x  y  1  0, x  2 y  1  0 yd 3 x  y  5  0 fõ' A yryd hk ´kEu f¾Ldjl
idOdrk iólrKhla o C yryd hk tla f¾Ldjl idOdrK iólrKhla o ,shkak' tkhska AC
úl¾Kfha iólrK fidhkak'

47 ABC ;%sfldaKhls' AB, BC yd CA mdoj, iólrK ms<sfj,ska 2 x  y  4  0 " 3 x  y  3  0 yd

x  y  6  0 fõ' B yryd AC g ,ïN f¾Ldjg" A yryd BC g iudka;r f¾Ldj D ys§ yuqfõ'
,CIHj, LKavdxl m%ldYs; f,i fkdfidhd O uQ, ,CIHh yd D yryd hk ir, f¾Ldfõ
iólrKh fidhkak'

48 ABC ;%sfldaKhl A,B,C YS¾Ij, LKavdxl ms<sfj,ska   5, 2  , 1, 7  iy  3, 2  fõ'

(i) AB ys iólrKh"
(ii) A isg úreoaO mdohg weÈ ,ïNfha iólrKh"
(iii) A yryd BC g iudka;rj we;s f¾Ldfõ iólrKh" ,nd.kak'

49 A  x1 , y1  yd B  x2 , y 2  hd lrk f¾Ld LKavl m:n wkqmd;fhka wNHka;rj fnfok ,CIHh

 mx2  nx1 my2  ny1 
 m  n , m  n  jk nj fmkajkak'
 
ABC ;%sfldaKfha AB mdoh u; D ,CIHh msysgd we;af;a AD : DB  3 :1 jk mßÈh' D   4, 5  fõ'
BC mdoh u; E ,CIHh msysgd we;af;a BE : EC  2 :1 jk mßÈh' E   7, 4  fõ' AE yd CD f¾Ld
P ys§ fþokh fõ' Èla lrk ,o BP f¾Ldj AC mdoh F ys§ yuqfõ' ABC ;%sfldaKfha flakaølh
 14 11 
 ,  fõ'
 3 3
(i) A,B,C ,CIHhkaf.a LKavdxl fidhkak' (ii) ABC ;%sfldaKfha j¾.M,h fidhkak'

50 iudka;rdi%hl mdo folla y  x  2  0 iy y  4 x  3  0 iólrKj,ska § we;' iudka;rdi%fha

úl¾K uQ, ,CIHfha § fþokh fõ'
(i)iudka;rdi%fha b;sß mdo j, iólrK o"
úl¾Kj, iólrK o ,nd .kak' ;jo iudka;rdi%fha j¾.M,h o fidhkak'
(ii)

51 RcqfldaKdi% ldàishdkq LKavdxl wkqj ;%sfldaKhl fldaK YS¾I (1,3), (5,3) iy (4,6) fjhs'
;%sfldaKfha G kï flakaølh" S kï mßflakaøh iy H kï ,ïn flakaøh fidhkak' G
,CIfhka SH f¾Ldj fnfokafka 1(2 wkqmd;hg nj fmkajkak'

52 A(1,1), B(-1,5) yd C(5,3) hkq ABC ;%sfldaKfha YS¾I fõ' Q(-3,0) isg AB go" R(4,1) isg AC go"
S(4,t) isg BC g o weÈ ,ïNl P ys§ yuqfõ' t ys w.h fidhkak' PQ f¾Ldj L ys§ AB o PR f¾Ldj
M ys§ AC f¾Ldj o lmhs' ALPM iudka;rdi%hla jk nj fmkajkak'

5
53 (i) (3,5) yd (4,8) ,CI hdlrk f¾Ld fldgi 2:1 wkqmd;hg wNHka;rj fnfok ,CIfha
Lkavdxl fidhkak'
(ii) (2,2), (-2,1),(-5,-1),(-1,0) hk ,CI u.ska iudka;rdi%hla ksrEmKh lrk nj fmkajkak'
(iii) ;%sfldaKhl YS¾I ^8"5& ^-3"7&" ^5"1& kï fuh RcqfldaKS ;%sfldaKhla nj fmkajd tys
flakaølfha LKavdxl fidhkak'
(iv) y  2 x  10  0, y  2 x  6  0, y  x  1  0, y  x  6  0 f¾Ldj,ska iEfok iudka;rdi%fha
j¾.M,h fidhkak'
(v) iudka;rdi%hl YS¾I 3la ^6"5&" ^4"-7&" ^8"2& fõ' wfkla YS¾Ifha LKavdxl fidhkak'
iudka;rdi%fha j¾.M,h o fidhkak'
(vi) A,B,C ,CIj, Lxvdxl ms,sfj,ska ^2"3&" ^7"5&" ^6"-2& fõ' AP : PB  AQ : QC  3 : 2 jk mßÈ
AB;a AC ;a P yd Q ys§ wNHka;r f,i fnfoa' P yd Q fidhd PQ yd BC iudka;r nj
fmkajkak'

54 (i) (0, 2), (1,1), (4, 4), (3,5) ,CIh u.ska Rcq fldaKdi%hla iEfok nj fmkajd tys j¾.M,h
fidhkak'
(ii) (-35,-20), (5,-10) ,CIh hd lrk f¾Ldj iu fldgia y;rlg fnfok ,CIj, LKavdxl
fidhkak'
(iii) (-5,12), (9,-2) ,CIh hd lrk f¾Ldfõ uOH ,CIh (-8,-5),(7,10) ,CIh hd lrk f¾Ldfõ
;%sfþok ,CIhla nj fmkajkak'
(iv) (2,3), (-4,5) ,CIh hdlrk f¾Ldj 2:3 wkqmd;fhkq;a" 3:2 wkqmdfhkq;a ndysrj fnfok
,CIj, Lkavdxl fidhkak'

55 (i) P(6,0), Q(4,4), R(5,3) hkq ;%sfldaKhl YS¾I fõ' PQR ;%sfldaKfhys mßjD;a;fha flakaøh;a
wrh;a fidhkak'
(ii) YS¾Ihka (1,10), (2,1), (-7,0) jk ;%sfldaKh RcqfldaKS iuoaúmdo ;%sfldaKhla nj fmkajkak'
(iii) (3,0) ;a (4,-1) ;a hd lrk f¾Ldfõ iólrKho Bg ,ïNlj (6,2) yryd hkakd jQ f¾Ldfõ
iólrKh o tu f¾Ld u.ska LKavdxl wCI u; wka;#LKav o fidhkak'
(iv) iup;=ri%hl tla úl¾Khl fofl<jr LKavdxl (2,5) yd (-1,1) fõ' wfkla úl¾Kfha
fofl<jr LKavdxl fidhkak'
(v) (-5,5) yd (10,25) hd lrk f¾Ldfõ ;S%fPok ,CIj, LKavdxl fidhkak'

56 (i) frdïnihl YS¾I ;=kla (6,4), (2,1), (-1,-3) f,i fõ' b;sß YS¾Ifha LKavdxl;a úl¾Kj,
iólrK;a fidhkak' frdïnifha j¾.M,h tall 7 nj fmkajkak'
(ii) iudka;rdi%hl noaOmdo 2la 2 x  7 y  11  0,5 x  4 y  4 f¾Ldj Tiafia msysghs' tys tla
úl¾Khla 7 x  11 y  16  0 f¾Ld Tiafia fjhs' YS¾I j, LKavdxl fidhd tys j¾.M,ho
fidhkak'
(iii) P hkq (4,4) o Q hkq (5,3) o R hkq (6,0) o fjhs' PQ ys;a QR ys;a ,ïNiuÉfþol j, iólrK
fidhkak' tkhska PQR fha mßflakaøh fidhkak' mßjD;a;fha wrh tall 5 nj
fmkajkak'
(iv) ABCD iudka;rdi%hls' A(2,3), B(-1,4), C(5,-2) kï D ys LKavdxl fidhkak' iudka;rdi%fha
j¾.M,h fldmuKo@

57 iudka;rdi%hl m%;súreoaO Ys¾I folla (1,1), (2,-3) ,CI fjhs' tla mdohla 2 y  3x  0 f¾Ldjg
iudka;rj o ;j;a mdohla y  2 x  0 f¾Ldjg ,ïNljo msysghs' iudka;rdi%fha wfkla YS¾I
foflys LKavdxl ,nd.kak'

58 P ( ,  ) ,CIHfha isg AB kï jQ x  3 y  0 f¾Ldjg weÈ ,ïnfha wäh N h' NQ  PN jk fia

PN , Q f;la Èla lr we;' Q hkq AB u; P f.a m%;sìïnh kï" Q ,CIHfha LKavdxl
1 1 
 5 (4  3 ),  5 (3  4  )  nj fmkajkak'
 

59 iup;=ri%hl mdohl È. tall 2ls' tys tla úl¾Khla y  7 x  0 f¾Ldjg iudka;r jk w;r
úl¾K (1,1) ,CIfha§ fþokh fõ' iup;=ri%fha mdoj, iólrK fidhkak'
/já,sldr ish,a, is;a.kakd iq¿h'
6
60 A,B ,CI foflys LKavdxl ms<sfj,ska (-2,0) yd (2,0) fõ' C yd D ,CI y  3 x  0 f¾Ldj u;
 
msysghs' ACB yd ADB Rcq fldaK jk mßÈ C yd D ys LKavdxl fidhkak'
 
(i) AB = CD nj fmkajkak' (ii) ACD  ABD nj fmkajkak'
61 (i) x cos   y sin   a, x sin   y cos   b f¾Ld fofla fþok ,CIfha LKavdxl fidhkak' tu
LKavdxl x 2  y 2  a 2  b 2 iólrKh iu. .e,fmk nj fmkajkak'
(ii) A (1,-1) yd B (-2,3) kï APB ;%sfldaKfha j¾.M,h j¾. tall 10g iudk jk fia P ,CIh
OXY ;,fha úp,kh fõ' P ys m:h ir, f¾Ld follska iukaú; nj fmkajkak' tu f¾Ld
fofla iólrK fidhkak'
62 ABCD iudka;rdi%fha A yd C YS¾I x  y  0 f¾Ldj u; msysgd we;s w;r B yd D YS¾I
ms<sfj,ska x  y  0 yd 5 x  y  9  0 f¾Ld u; msysgd we;' AB mdoh x  2 y  0 go BC mdoh
x  3 y  0 go iudka;r fõ' iudka;rdi%fha mdoj, iólrK fidhkak' iudka;rdi%fha
j¾.M,h o .Kkh lrkak'
63 (i) wkql%uKh 1 g iu jk fia A(3,4) ,CIh yryd f¾Ldjla weo ;sfnhs' tu f¾Ldj
x 2  y 2  16 iólrKfhka ksrEmKh jk m:h P,Q ,CIh j,§ fþokh lrhs' AP ;a" AQ ;a
3
OX iu. fldaKhla idok nj o AP  AQ 7 2 nj o fmkajkak'
4
(ii) A(1,1) ,CIh yryd w|sk f¾Ldjla 2 x 2  3 y 2  6 iólrKfhka ksrEms; m:h P,Q § fþokh
2
lrhs' A hkq PQ ys uOH ,CIh kï f¾Ldfõ wkql%uKh nj fmkajkak'
3
64 3x  4 y  4a  0, 2 x  3 y  4a  0 yd 5 x  y  a  0 mdo f,i we;s ;%sfldaKfha j¾.M,h fidhkak'
^a - ksh;hls& uQ, ,CIfha isg mdo u;g wÈkq ,nk ,ïNlhkaf.a wä tal f¾Çh jk nj
fmkajkak'
65 iup;=ri%hl flakaøfha yd tla YS¾Ihl LKavdxl ms<sfj,ska (2,-1) yd (-1,1) fjhs' b;sß YS¾Ij,
LKavdxl yd úl¾K j, iólrK fidhkak' § we;s YS¾Ih ;=<ska hk yd tu YS¾Ih ;=<ska hk
úl¾Kh iu. 600 l fldaKhla idok ir, f¾Ld foflys iólrK fidhkak'
66 (i) ABC ;%sfldaKhl B isg AC mdohg weÈ ,ïnfha iólrKh y  2 x  0 fõ' C isg AB
mdohg weÈ ,ïnlfha iólrKh y  2 x fjhs' BC mdoh (1,1) yryd jeà ;sfnhs kï" A ys
LKavdxl x 2  4 y 2  3 x  3 y  0 iólrKhg .e,fmk nj fmkajkak'
(ii) (2,3) iy (-3,4) ,CIhka iu. idok ;%sfldaKfha j¾.M,h j¾. tall 8'5 la jk fia
,CIhla .uka lrhs' tys m:fha iólrKh ( x  5 y )( x  5 y  34)  0 nj fmkajkak'
67 ax  by  c  0 f¾Ldj u; ( ,  ) ,CIfhka we;s jk o¾mk m%;sìïNh ,nd.kak'
ABC ;%sfldaKfha AB, AC mdoj, ,ïN iuÉfþol ms<sfj,ska 2 x  y  0, x  3 y  0 fõ' A ,CIh
x  y  0 f¾Ldj u; msysgd we;' BC mdoh (-2,11) ,CI yryd hkafka kï ;%sfldaKfha mdoj,
iólrK fidhkak'
68 ABC ;%sfldaKhl AB, BC yd CA mdoj, iólrK ms<sfj,ska x  y  6  0, x  y  12  0 yd
2 y  x  4  0 fõ'
(i) ;%sfldaKfha j¾.M,h (ii) flakaølfha LKAvdxl
(iii) flakaøhl yd uQ, ,CIh hd lrk f¾Ldfõ iólrKh hk fïjd fidhkak'
1
(iv) ABC ;%sfldaKfha mdoj, uOH,CI X,Y yd Z kï XYZ   ABC  nj fmkajkak'
4
69 y  2 x  2  0 ir,f¾Ldj ;=<ska A  3,   ,CIfha m%;sNsïNh yd 3y+x+  = 0 ir, f¾Ldj ;=<ska
B(-2,2) ,CIfha m%;sNsïNh iumd; fõ'   3 yd   9 nj fmkajkak'

7
70 ax  by  c  0 ir< f¾Ldjg ,ïNlj (x0,y0) ,CIh yryd hkakd jQ f¾Ldj u; msysá ´kEu
,CIhl mrdñ;sl ksrEmkh ,nd.kak'
(i) 7 x  2 y  4  0 ir, f¾Ldjg A(2,3) ,CIh yryd weÈ ,ïNl f¾Ldj x  y  10  0 f¾Ldj
Bys§ yuqfõ' B ys LKavdxl ,nd.kak'
(ii) P(3,2) yd Q(-1,6) ,CI hdlrk f¾Ldfõ ,ïN iuÉfþolfha iólrKh fidhkak' PQR
iumdo ;%sfldaKhla jk mßÈ msysgk R ,CIfha msysàï ,nd.kak'

71 ax  by  c  0 ir, f¾Ldj ;=<ska ( ,  ) ,CIfhys m%;sìïNfha LKavdxl fidhkak'

ABCD frdïnifha BD úl¾Kh y  2 x  4  0 Tiafia msysgd we;s w;r" A YS¾Ih (2,3) fõ' BC
1
f¾Ldfõ wkql%uKh ls' frdïnifha b;sß úl¾Kfha yd mdo j, iólrK fidhkak'
3
72 ABC ;%sfldaKhl A,B,C YS¾Ij, LKavdxl ms<sfj,ska (3 3, 4)(2,5)(8,8) fõ' fuu ;%sfldaKfha
j¾.M,h fidhkak'
BC mdohg iudka;rj tall tll ÿrlska ;%sfldaKhg msg;ska msysgk f¾Ldfõ iólrKh
 11
3 
,nd.kak' fuu f¾Ldj u; P   ,4 
 yd Q  ( 5, 4) ,CIHh msysgk nj fmkajkak'
 5 5
PQ mdohla jkfia weÈ iumdo ;%sfldaKhl j¾.M,h ABC ;%sfldaKfha j¾.M,hg iudk nj
fmkajkak'

73 x  y  7  0 yd x  7 y  7  0 f¾Ld w;r jQ tla fldaK iuÉfþokhla (5,1) ,CIh yryd hk

nj idOkh lrkak' wfkla iuÉfþokfha iólrKh o ,ndf.k tajd iq¿fldaK yd uyd
fldaK iuÉfþol f,i fjka lrkak'

74 (i) 3x  2 y  1  0 yd  x  3 y  2  0 hkq tlu ir, f¾Ldjl iólrKh fõ'  yd 

fidhkak'
(ii) (  2) x  y  3  0 yd 2 x  (   1) y  2  0 iólrKh tlu f¾Ldjla ksrEmkh lrhs'  yd
 w.h fidhkak'

75 iudka;rdi%hl noaO mdo hq.,hla m%Odk wCI j,g orK wd;;sh iudk fõ' tys YS¾Ifha (2,-1)
jk w;r úl¾Khl iólrKh x  4 y  10  0 fõ' fuys me;s folla 3x  4 y  0 f¾Ldjg
iudka;r fõ' YS¾Ij, LKavdxl iy mdoj, iólrK fidhkak'
iudka;rdi%h;a mdoj, Èf.ys wkqmd;h 1(2 njo fmkajkak'

 ax1  by1  c 
76  0 ùu wkqj (x1,x2) yd (x2y2) ,CI ax+by+c=0 f¾Ldfjka tlu me;af;a fyda
(ar2  by2  C )
fome;af;a fyda mssygk nj Tmamq lrkak'
x+y+4 = 0, 7x-y-8=0 , x  7 y  8  0 ;%sfldaKhl ms<sfj,ska AB,BC,CA mdoj, iólrkhs' BAC
fldaKfha wNHka;r iuÉfþolfha iólrKh fidhkak' fuu iuÉfþolh BC f¾Ldj D ys§
yuqfjhskï ABC fha flakaølh ABD we;=,; msysgk nj fmkajkak'

77 iup;=ri%hl O,A,B,C Ys¾I ms<sfj,ska (0,0), (a,o), (a,a), (o,a) ,CIH fõ' k hkq OK = 2KA jk mßÈ
OA u; ,CIHhls' CK, OB f¾Ld E ys§ lefmhs' Èlal, AE, F ysÈ Èlal, BC lmhs'
(i) CK ys iólrKh;a (ii) AE ys iólrKh;a (iii) FC:CB wkqmd;h;a fidhkak'

78 ABC fha A,B iy C YS¾I msysgd ;sfnkafka ms,sfj,ska y=x, y=2x iy y=3x f¾Ld u;h' AB
mdofhys ,ïn iuÉfþolfha iólrKh 6x+8y-3 = 0 jk w;r BC mdoh 11x-4y = 0 f¾Ldjg
iudka;r fõ' ;s%fldaKfha mdoj, iólrK fidhkak'
79 (ax+by+c) +k (px+qy+r) = 0 hkafkka oelafjkafka ax+by+c = 0 iy px+qy+r = 0 hk f¾Ld fofla
fþok ,CIh yryd hk ir, f¾Ldj, iólrK nj fmkajkak'
A,B iy C ,CIj, LKavdxl ms<sfj,ska (1,4), (3,0) iy (4,1) fõ' x-2y+1 = 0 hk f¾Ldjg AB,AC
ms,sfj,ska P, Q j,§ yuqfõ' BQ,CP f¾Ld R ys§ yuqfõkï AR j, iólrKh fidhkak'
,sfoka f.dvg tk yeá l,amkd l,hq;af;a ,s|g mkskakg fmrh'
8
80 ;%sfldaKhl Ys¾I A(h,k), B(-2,5), C(3,1) fjhs' YS¾I j, isg iïuqL mdo j,g weÈ ,ïn j, fþok
,CIHh uQ, ,CIHh kï h ys;a" k ys;a w.hhka fidhkak'

81 P(x0,y0) ,CIfha isg ax+by+c = 0 f¾Ldjg ,ïNl ÿr fidhkak'

ABC ;%sfldaKfha A(7,11) jk w;r BC mdofha iólrkh 3x-4y+2 =0 fõ' BC ys uOH,CIfha
fldaálh (y Lxvxlh) 1 jk w;r ABC ;%sfldaKfha j¾.M,h tall 30 ls' B yd C ys Ldxvdxl
kS¾Kh lrkak'
ˆ ys wNHka;r fldaK iuÉfþokh ks¾Kh lrkak'
ACB

82 ,CIh folla f¾Ldjl tlu me;af;a fyda fome;af;a msysàu i\yd jk wjYH;dj fidhkak'
ABC ;%sfldaKfha YS¾I A(0,0), B(-2,-1) yd C(-1,-2) fõ' BC mdohg iudka;rj AB yd AC mdo fol
fþokh lrkakd jQ o A YS¾Ifha isg tall 2 ,ïNl ÿrlska A YS¾Ifhka BC msysá me;af;au
msysáhd jQo AB yd AC mdo ms<sfj,ska L yd M ys§ fþokh lrkakd jQo ir< frLdfõ iólrKh
,nd.kak'

ALM yd ABC ;%sfldaKj, j¾.M, w;r wkqmd;h 4:9 nj fmkajkak' BAC fldaKfha
iuÉfþolfha iólrKh fidhkak'

83 ( ,  ) ,CIhl isg ax  by  c  0 f¾Ldjg ,ïNlhla wÈkq ,efí' ,ïNlh yd ir< f¾Ldj

w;r fldaKh iuÉfþokh lrñka ,ïNlfha wäh yryd hk ir< f¾Ldj, iólrK
fidhkak'
ABCD hkq A YS¾Ifha LKavdxl (-1,-3) jQQ iup;=ri%hls' BC mdoh 3 y  x  10  0 f¾Ldj Tiafia
mssysghs' BD úl¾Khg msysàï folla we;s nj fmkajd tajdfha iólrK fidhkak' BD ys fuu
msysàï fol i\yd C yd D YS¾Ij, LKavdxl fjk fjku fidhkak'
84 PQR ;%sfldaKfhys PQ , QR, RP mdoj, iólrK'

x  y  4  0, 7 x  y  8  0, x  7 y  8  0 fõ' Q P R fldaKfha iuÉfþolh fidhkak' tu
iuÉfþolhg QR mdoh yuqjk ,CIh T kï PQR ;%sfldaKfha flakaøl PQT ;%sfldaKh ;=<
msysgk nj fmkajkak'

85 (x0,y0) hkq ax  by  c  0 ir< f¾Ldj u; ,CIhla kï t hkq mrdñ;shla úg f¾Ldj u; ´kEu

,CIhl LKavdxl ( x0  bt , y0  at ) f,i m%ldY l< yels nj fmkajkak'
A(-1,-1) iy C(7,15) hkq ABCD iudka;rdi%hl m%;súreoaO YS¾I folls' iudka;rdi%hg x wCIfha
Ok ÈYdj iu. tan-1(4) fldaKhla idokq ,nk 2 17 È.ska hq;= úl¾Khla we;' B yd D

YS¾ihkaf.a LKavdxl fidhkak' iudka;rdi%fha mdoj, iólrK fidhkak' ABC fldaKfha
wNHka;r fldaK iuÉfþolh ,nd.kak'
86 l1  a1 x  b1 y  c1  0 yd l2  a2 x  b2 y  c2  0 hk ir< f¾Ld foflys fþok ,CIh yryd hk
f¾Ld moaO;sh l1   l2  0 u.ska ksrEmkh jk nj fmkajkak'
AB, BC yd CA mdoj, iólrK ms<sfj,ska 3 x  y  5  0, 2 x  3 y  1  0 yd x  2 y  3  0 fõ' A yd
B isg iïuqL mdoj,g we;s ,ïN D ys§ yuqfõ' D ys LKavdxlo CD ys iólrKh o fidhkak'

87 a1 x  b1 y1  c1  0 yd a2 x  b2 y2  c2  0 hk wiudka;r f¾Ld fþokh ùfuka iEfok fldaK

foflys iuÉfþolj, iólrK ,nd.kak'
x  2 y  4  0, 2 x  y  8  0 yd 2 x  y  12  0 iólrK ;%sfldaKhl mdo ksrEmkh lrkafka kï
fuu ;%sfldaKfha wka;¾f`lakaøh fidhkak'
88 A(3,5), B(0, 2), C (4, 7) ,CIH j, isg A'B'C' ;%sfldaKfha ms<sfj,ska B'C', C'A', A'B' mdoj,g weÈ
,ïNl tal ,CIH fõ' B'C', C'A', A'B' f¾Ld ms<sfj,ska 2 x  y  7  0, x  3 y  0 iy  ksh;hla
jQ x   y  9  0 u; msysghs'  ys w.h fidhkak'
;jo A'B'C' ;%sfldaKfha mßflakaøfha LKavdxl o fidhkak'

9
89 P ( x1 , y1 ) ,CIHhfa isg ax  by  c  0 f¾Ldjg ,ïnl ÿr fidhkak'
ax  by  c  0 yd a ' x  b ' y  c '  0 hk wiudka;r f¾Ld 2 w;r fldaK iuÉfþolj, iólrK
,nd.kak'
ABC ;%sfldaKfha A YS¾Ifha LKavdxl ^7"11& jk w;r BC mdofha" iólrKh 3x  4 y  2  0 fõ'
BC mdofha iólrKh 3 x  4 y  2  0 fõ' BC ys uOH ,CIfha fldaálh 1 yd ABC ;%sfldaKfha

j¾.M,h j¾. tall 30ls' B yd C ys LKavdxl fidhd A B C fha wNhka;r fldaK iuÉfþolh
ks¾Kh lrkak'
90 t hkq mrdñ;shla úg (x0,y0) ,CIh yryd hkakd jQo" m wkql%uKh we;a;d jQ o ir, f¾Ldj u;
´kEu ,CIhl LKavdxl ( x0  t , y0  mt ) f,i m%ldY l< yels nj fmkajkak'
A(5,-1), C(-2,0) ,CI folla fõ' AC ys ,ïN iuÉfþolh u; ´kEu P, ,CIhl LKavdxl t
mrdñ;sh weiqßka fidhkak' PA ys yd PC ys wkql%uKh t weiqßka fidhkak' ta khska ABCD
iup;=ri%hl ms<sfj,ska .;a YS¾I jk mßÈ B,D fidhkak'
A,B1,C,D1 hkq frdïnihl ms,sfj,ska .;a YS¾I jk frdïnifha j¾.M,h j¾. tall 50 la jk
mßÈ kï B1,D1 fidhkak'

91 3x  2 y  4  0,3 x  2 y  8  0 yd x  4 hk f¾Ld ;%sfldaKhl mdoj, iólrK fõ'

(i) flakaøhl G yso (ii) ,ïNflakaøh H yso
(iii) mßjD;a;flakaøh O ys o (iv) ;%sfldaKfha fCIA;%M,ho fidhkak'

92 ABCD frdïnifha AC úl¾Kh 2 x  y  3  0 f¾Ldj u; jk w;r A yd B ys LKavdxl

ms<sfj,ska (2,1) yd (6,4) fõ'
(i) BD iólrKh (ii) D ys LKavdxl
(iii) C ys LKavdxl (iv) ABCD frdïnifha j¾.M,h fidhkak'

93 PQR ;%sfldaKfhys PQ , QR, RP mdoj, iólrK'


x  y  4  0, 7 x  y  8  0, x  7 y  8  0 fõ' Q P R fldaKfha iuÉfþolh fidhkak' tu
iuÉfþolhg QR mdoh yuqjk ,CIh T kï PQR ;%sfldaKfha flakaøl PQT ;%sfldaKh ;=<
msysgk nj fmkajkak'

94 y  ax  b ir, f¾Ldj" y  m1 x iy y  m2 x f¾Ld ms<sfj,ska A yd B ys§ fþokh lrkq

,efí' fuys a iy b ksYaY=kH ksh; fõ' C ,CIh" OACB iudka;rdi%hla jk mßÈ fjhs' O hkq
uQ, ,CIhhs'
(i) C ys LKavdxl fidhkak'
(ii) OACB frdïnihla kï" (a 2  1)(m1  m2 )  2a (1  m1m2 )  0 nj fmkajkak'
2b 2
(iii) OACB iup;=ri%hla kï" tys j¾.M,h ; nj fmkajkak'
1  a2

95 ax  by  c  0 f¾Ldjg wkqnoaOfhka P(x1,y1) yd Q(x2,y2) hk ,CI fol msysgk wdldrh i\yd

jk wjYH;djh fidhkak'
ABC ;%sfldaKfhys AB, BC yd CA mdo ms<sfj,ska x  y  1  0, x  7 y  3  0 yd x  y  1  0
`f¾Ld Tiafia msysgd we;' ABC ;%sfldaKfhys wka;¾flakaøh (0,2/3) jk nj ,nd.kak'

96 ^2"3& ,CIH yryd hk úp,H ir, f¾Ldjla y  2 x,3 y  x  0 ir, f¾Ld ms<sfj,ska A iy B ys§
fþokh lrhs' A isg 3 y  x  0 g weÈ ,ïNlfha wäh P o isg B g y  2 x weÈ ,ïNlfha wäh
Q fõ' PQ f¾Ldj ieu úgu wp, ,CIHhla yryd hk nj fmkajkak'

97 y  x f¾Ldj u; y  mx f¾Ldfõ mrdj¾;kfha iólrKh fidhkak'

O uQ,h jQ OABC frdïnihls' OB úl¾Kfha iólrKh x  y  0 fjhs' A ,CIh 2 x  y  6  0
f¾Ldj u; msysgd we;' AB f¾Ldj (8,8) yryd hhs' mdoj, iólrK fidhkak'

fY%aIaG ñksiqkaf.a is;aj, my,jkafka n,dfmdfrd;a;= fkdjwruqKqh wruqKqh'

10
98 A(-4,1) yd C(8,4) hkq ABCD iudka;rdi%hl m%;súreoaO YS¾I folla hhs .ksuq' BD úl¾Kh
3x  4 y  0 f¾Ldjg iudka;ro È. tall 5lska o hqla; fjhs' D ys mdálh Ok fõ'
(i) B yd D ys LKavdxl fidhd ABD ;%sfldaKh iuoaúmdo nj fmkajkak'
 
(ii) ABD yd BAD fldaKj, wNHka;r iuÉfþol j, iólrK fidhkak' ABD
;%sfldaKfhys wka;¾ flakaøfha Lkavdxl wfmdaykh lrkak'

99 (x0,y0) ,CIfha isg ax  by  c  0 f¾Ldjg we;s ,ïNl ÿr i\yd m%ldYkhla ,nd.kak'

| c2  c1 |
ax  by  c1  0 yd ax  by  c2  0 iudka;r f¾Ld w;r ÿr nj wfmdaykh lrkak'
a 2  b2
A hkq 3x  4 y  7 f¾Ldj u; msysá ,CIhla o B yd C hkq 3x  4 y  2 f¾Ldj u; msysá
,CIhla o hhs .ksuq' fuu ,CIh ;=k msysgd we;af;a"
(i) BC g ,ïNlj A yryd hk f¾Ldj (-2,-3) yryd hk mßÈo"
(ii) AB f¾Ldj y  3 x  0 g iudka;ro
(iii) ABC ;%sfldKfha j¾.M,h tall 1 jk mßÈo fõ' A yd B ys LKavdxl ks¾Kh lrkak' ;j
o C ,CIh i|yd msysàï folla ;sìh yels nj fmkajd tla tla wjia:dfõÈ C ys LxKavdl
,nd.kak'

100 A(x1,y1) yd B(x2,y2) ,CI l  ax  by  c  0 f¾Ldfõ m%;súreoaO me;sj, msysàu i\yd wjYH;dj
fidhkak'
(i) A yd B ,CIj, LKavdxl ms<sfj,ska (-1,5) yd (3,2) fõ'
(ii)AB ys ,ïn iuÉfþolfha iólrKh fidhkak'
(iii) ABC ;%sfldaKh iumdo jkfiao C yd (1,1) ,CIh AB f¾Ldfõ m%;súreoaO me;sjk msysgk
fia o C ,CIfhys LKavdxl fidhkak'
101 l1  a1 x  b1 y  c1  0 yd l2  a2 x  b2 y  c2  0 hkq ir, f¾Ld folls' l1 yd l2 ys fþok ,CIh
yryd hkakd jQ ´kEu f¾Ldjl iólrKh l1   l2  0 u.ska fokq ,nk nj fmkajkak'
;%emSaishul wkqms<sfj,ska .;a mdo j, iólrK 8 x  y  2  0, 2 x  10 y  19  0, 7 x  4 y  31  0
yd x  5 y  10  0 fõ' YS¾I j, LKavdxl m%ldYs; whqßka fkdfihd" úl¾K j, iólrK
fidhkak' úl¾K fol Rcq fldaKS jk nj fmkajkak'

102 (i) P hkq y  x f¾Ldj u; ,CIHhls' Q hkq y  x f¾Ldjg PQ ,ïnl jk fia y  3x

f¾Ldfõ msysá ,CIHhls' PQ ys uOH ,CIHh 3 y  5 x f¾Ldfõ msysgd we;s nj fmkajkak'
(ii) OX iu.  fldaKhla idok fia o P § OX g yuqjk fia o A(0,1) ,CIfha isg f¾Ldjla weo
;sfnhs' AP. AQ  4 jk fia Q f;la AP Èlalr ;sfnhs kï Q ys LKavdxl  weiqfrka
fidhkak' tkhska"  fldaKfha ish¨u w.h wkqj Q ys m:h x 2  ( y  1) 2  4
iólrKfhka ksrEmkh jk nj fmkajkak'

103 2 x  y  1  0 f¾Ldj u; (5, 6) ,CIfha m%;sìïnfha LKavdxl fidhkak'

ABCD hkq frdïnihls' AB, AC iólrK ms<sfj,ska x  y  1  0, 2 x  y  1  0 fjhs' BC f¾Ldj
(5, 6) ,CIh yryd hhs kï BC , CD, DA yd BD ys iólrK fidhkak'

104 ax  by  c  f¾Ldj u; (x0y0) ,CIfha m%;sìïNh fidhkak'

frdïnihl tl fldaKhla 2 jk w;r fuu fldaKh iuÉfþo lrk úl¾Kh
ax  by  c  0 f¾Ldj u; fõ' (0,0) uQ, ,CIh tla YS¾Ihla kï wfkla YS¾I ;=fkys LKavdxl
fidhkak'
105 ABCD iudka;rdi%fha AB, BC, CD yd DA mdo j, iólrK ms<sfj,ska
y  2 x  4, y  5 x  5, y  2 x  2 yd y  5 x  2 fõ' YS¾Ij, LKavdxl fkdfidhd AC yd BD
3 
úl¾Kj, iólrK fidhkak' tkhska iudka;rdi%fha flakaøh  , 4  nj fmkajkak'
2 

11
106 iudka;r ir< f¾Ld folla w;r ,ïNl ÿr i|yd m%ldYkhla ,nd.kak'
ax  by  c  0, ax  by  d  0, a1 x  b1 y  c1  0 yd a1 x  b1 y  d 1  0 ir< f¾Ld j,ska iE§
(a 2  b 2 )(c1  d 1 ) 2  (a1  b1 )(c  d ) 2
2 2
iudka;ri%fha úl¾Kj, iólrK fidhkak' kï
(c  d )(c  d )
1 1
iudka;rdi%h frdïnihla nj;a" iudka;rdi%fha j¾.M,h nj;a fmkajkak'
ab1  a1b

107 (x0,y0) hkq ax  by  c  0 u; ,CIhla kï t mrdñ;shla úg f¾Ldj u; ´kEu ,CIhl

LKavdxl ( x0  bt , y0  at ) f,i ,súh yels nj fmkajkak'
3x  4 y  24  0 f¾Ldj u; P ,CIh msysáfha uQ, ,CIfha isg thg we;s ÿfrys úYd,Fjh
P,A(3,1),B(-1,3) ,CI u.ska ieÈ ;%sfldaKfha j¾.M,hg iudk jk mßÈh' P i|yd msysàu 2la

mj;sk nj fmkajkak' ^thska tlla P0 kï& P0 i\yd P0 AB fldaKh RcqfldaKhla nj
idOkh lrkak' P0ABQ RcqfldaKdi%hla jk mßÈ jQ Q ,CIfha Lkavdxl fidhkak'

108 (a1 x  b1 y  c1 )   (a2 x  b2 y  c2 )  0 iólrKh (a1 x  b1 y  c1 )  0 yd (a2 x  b2 y  c2 )  0 ir,

f¾Ld fþokh jk ,CIh ;=<ska hk ir, f¾Ld mka;shla ksrEmkh lrk nj fmkajkak'
^fuys  úp,H mrdñ;shls'&
ABCD iudka;rdi%fha AB,BC,CD,DA moj, iólrK ms<sfj,ska y  2 x  4, y  5 x  5, y  2 x  2,
yd y  5 x  2 fõ' A,B,C,D ,CIj, LKavdxl fkdfidhd AC yd BD úl¾K j, iñlrK
fidhkak'
109 A(x1,y1) yd B(x2,y2) ,CI hdlrk f¾Ldj wNHka;rfhka o ndysrfhka o  :  wkqmd;hg
fnfok ,CIj, LKavdxl ,nd.kak'
x yd y ,CI u.ska A(-2,6), B(1,-6) ,CI hdlrk f¾Ld ms,sfj,ska wNHka;rfhka o ndysrfhka o

2(1 wkqmd;hg fnfohs' P hkq XPY Rcq fldaKhla jk mßÈ jQ ,CIhls' PAB ;%sfldaKfhys
j¾.M,h tall 24 ls' P i|yd P1,P2,P3,P4 msysgqï w;=frka follg (P1,P2 hhs lshuq) ksÅ,
 
LKavdxl we;s nj idOkh lrkak' AP1 B yd AP2 B fldaKj, iuÉfþol j, iólrk
fidhkak'
110 u1  a1 x  b1 y  c1  0 iy u2  a2 x  b2 y  c2  0 hkq § we;s iudka;r fkdjk ir< f¾Ld
folls'  ys iEu w.hla i|ydu u1   u2  0 f¾Ldj wp, ,CIHhla yryd hk nj fmkajkak'
ABC ;%sfldaKhl iïuqL mdoj,g B,C yryd wÈkq ,enQ ,ïnl j, iólrK ms<sfj,ska
x  4 y  5  0 iy 2 x  y  3  0 fjhs' A ys LKavdxl (K,-K) f,i .kq ,enqfõ kï AB iy AC
f¾Ld j, iólrK o B yd C ys LKavdxl o K weiqfrka fidhkak'
K úp,kh jk úg ABC ;%sfldaKfha flakaølh x  5 y  4  0 f¾Ldj u; msysgk nj idOkh
lrkak'

111 A(0,-4), B(7,3), C(5,3/2) hkq ABCD p;=ri%hl YS¾I ;=kls' BD f¾Ldj 11 y  10 x  0 f¾Ldjg
iudka;r o AD f¾Ldj 4 y  3x  0 f¾Ldjg ,ïNl o kï D ys;a BC, AD f¾Ld Èlal, úg
yuqjk P ,CIfha;a LKavdxl fidhkak' tkhska"
(i) AB f¾Ldj CD g iudka;r nj;a"
(ii) ABP ;%sfldaKh iuoaúmdo nj;a fmkajkak'
PCD yd PAB ;%sfldaKj, j¾.M, w;r wkqmd;h 1:4 nj wfmdaykh lrkak'

112 PQR ;%sfldaKfha PA, QB, RC WÉpj, iólrk ms<sfj,ska y  x  0 o 4 y  x  0 o y  2 x  0 o

fjhs' P ys LKavdxl (k,-k) f,i f.k Q ys;a R ys;a LKavdxl k weiqßka fidhkak' k úp,kh
jk úg PQR ;%sfldaKfha flakaølfha m:h x  5 y  0 f¾Ldj nj fmkajkak'

113 x  2 y  1  0 f¾Ldj u; Q(h,k) ,CIfhys o¾mk m%;sìïNh jk P ys LKavdxl fidhkak'

P ys m:h y-x=0 f¾Ldj kï Q ys m:h jkafka y  7 x  2  0 f¾Ldj nj fmkajkak'
wkd.;h uksk b;du fydo ñïu w;S;hhs'
12
114 a1 x  b1 y  c1  0, a2 x  b2 y  c2  0 ir, f¾Ld fol w;r fldaK iuÉfþol foflys iólrK
,nd .kak'
ABC ;%sfldaKhl A,B,C ,CI ms<sfj,ska (3,13), (0,10), (6,-8) fõ'

(i) BAC fldakfhys iuÉfþol j, iólrK fidhkak'
(ii) tajdhska wNHka;r fldaKfha iuÉfþolh fidhkak'
(iii) AB ys yd AC ys È. fidhkak'
(iv) BP : PC = AB : AC jk fia BC u; jQ P ,CIh fidhkak'

(v) BAC fldaKfhys wNHka;r iuÉfþolh P yryd hk nj o fmkajkak'

115 Ax  By  C  0 ir, f¾Ldjg ndysßka msysá ( ,  ) ,CIfha isg tu f¾Ldjg ,ïNl ÿr

| A  B   C |
nj fmkajkak'
A2  B 2
|cd |
ax  by  c  0 yd ax  by  d  0 iudka;r f¾Ld fol w;r ÿr nj fmkajkak'
a 2  b2
iup;=ri%hl flakaøh (-3,-2) fõ' tla mdohl iólrKh 2 x  3 y  5  0 fõ' b;sß mdo ;=fka
iólrK fidhkak'

a1 x1  by1  c
116 p1(x1,y1) iy p2(x2,y2) ,CI hdlrk f¾Ldj ax  by  c  0 ir, f¾Ldj u.ska
ax2  by2  c
wkqmd;hg fnfok nj fmkajkak' tkhska" P1 yd P2 ,CIhka ax  by  c  0 ir, f¾Ldfõ
tlu me;sj, fyda m%;súreoaO me;sj, msysgkafka ( ax1  by1  c ) (ax2  by2  c) hkak Okùu fyda
RKùu wkqj nj wfmdaykh lrkak'
ABC ;%sfldaKfha AB,BC iy AC mdoj, iólrK ms<sfj,ska
x  y  0, 2 x  y  k  0,11x  2 y  2k  0 fõ'

 1 1
fuys k ksh;hls' BCA fldaKfhys wNHka;r iuÉfþolhg D    ,   ,CIfha§ AB mdoh
 2 2

fþokh fõ kï k ys w.h fidhkak' ABC fldaKfhys wNHka;r iuÉfþolh yd ndysr
iuÉfþaolh AC mdoh fnok wkqmd;h;a fidhkak'

117 ( ,  ) ,CIfha isg ax  by  c  0 ir< f¾Ldj u;g weÈ ,ïNfha wäh yryd hkakd jQ o tu
,ïnh;a" § we;s f¾Ldj;a w;r fldaK iuÉfþolh lrkakd jQ o f¾Ldj, iólrK fidhkak'
ABCD iup;=ri%fhys A YS¾Ifha LKavdxl (-1,-3) jk w;r BC mdoh 3y+x-10=0 f¾Ldj Tiafia
msysgd we;' BD úl¾Kh i|yd msysgqï folla ;sìh yels nj fmkajd tajdfha iólrK
fidhkak'
;jo" BD ys msysàfï tla tla wjia:dj i|yd C yd D ys LKavdxl ,nd.kak'

118 lx  my  n  0 f¾Ldjg ( x1 , y1 ) ,CIfha isg wÈk ,o ,ïNfha wäfhys LKavdxl fidhkak'

OAPB hkq O uQ, ,CIh o A  ( a,  b) o B  (  b,   a ) o jk RcqfldaKdi%hls' fuys
a 2  b 2  1 fõ'  3   3  c( 2   2 ) jk mßÈ A yd B úp,H fõ kï" P isg AB g weÈ ,ïNlfha
wäfhys m:h ir, f¾Ldjla nj idOkh lrkak' fuys C ksh;hls'

119 OA yd OB hkq O uQ,h Tiafia hk" wfkdakH jYfhka ,ïN ir, f¾aLd folls' by; f¾Ld
fol yd iólrKh y  2 x  k jk AB f¾Ldj u.ska" AOB iuoaúmdo ;%sfldaKhla iE§ we;'
fuys k hkq ksh;hls' OA ys iólrKh" m ksh;hla jk y = mx f,i .ksñka A yd B LKavdxl
m yd k weiqfrka ,nd.kak'
1 1
m = 3 fyda - nj" yd OAB ;%sfldaKfha j¾.M,h k 2 nj fmkajkak'
3 5

13
120 (i) (4,3) yd (2,-1) ,CI folg iu ÿßka msysgkakd jQ ,CIhkaf.a m:fha iólrKh fidhkak'
 
(ii) A(-4,0) o B(3,0) hkq ,CI folls' uQ, ,CIh O kï APO yd OPB fldaK iudk jk fia P
,CIhl m:h fidhkak'
(iii) 2 y  x  1  0 yd y  2 x  1  0 hk ir< f¾Ld foflys fþok ,CIh yryd hk úp,H
f¾Ldjla P yd Q ,CIj,È x wCIh;a y wCIh;a ms<sfj,ska fþokh lrhs' P yd Q ys
uOH,CIfha m:h 3 y  x  10 xy  0 nj idOkh lrkak'
(iv) uQ, ,CIh yryd hkakd jQ ir< f¾Ldjla 2 y  x  2  0 yd y  2 x  2  0 ir, f¾Ld P yd
Q ys§ fþokh lrhs' PQ f¾Ldfõ uOH ,CIfha m:h 2 y 2  2 x 2  3 xy  x  3 y  0 jl%h nj
fmkajkak'

121 ( ,  ) ,CIfha lx  my  n  0 f¾Ldj u; we;s m%;sìïnfha LKavdxl fidhkak'

ABC ;%sfldaKhl A,B,C YS¾I msysgd ;sfnkafka ms<sfj,ska y  x, y  2 x iy y  3 x f¾Ld u;h'
AB mdofha ,ïn iuÉfþolfha iólrKh 6 x  8 y  3  0 jk w;r BC mdoh 11x  4 y  0
f¾Ldjg iudka;r fõ' ;%sfldaKfha mdoj, iñlrK fidhkak'

122 (2a,O) wp, ,CIh yryd hk y  m( x  2a) ir< f¾Ldjg x  a yd y  b f¾Ld ms<sfj,ska P
yd Q ysÈ yuqfõ' O uQ, ,CIh o A hkq (a,0) o fõ' OP yd AQ f¾Ldj, iólrK fidhkak'
tajdfha T fþok ,CIfhys LKavdxl fidhkak' m úp,kh jk T ys LKavdxl fidhkak'
m úp,kh jk úg T ys m:h 2bx  ay  ab  0 nj idOkh lrkak'

123 ir, f¾Ld 2 l wkql%uKhka m1 yd m2 fõ' tu f¾Ld fol w;r fldaKh  jk úg

m2  m1
tan   nj Tmamq lrkak' tu.ska f¾Ld hq.,h iudka;r kï m1= m2 nj yd tajd
1  m1m2
,ïNl kï m1m2=-1 nj wfmdaykh lrkak' ABC ;%sfldakfha A(3,-1) ,C ys wNHka;r fldaK
iuÉfþolfha iólrKh x  4 y  10  0 fõ' B yryd hk uOHia:h 6 x  10 y  59  0 jk w;r
by; f¾Ld D ysÈ yuqfõ'
(i) B,C YS¾I j, LKavdxl fidhkak' (ii) ;%sfldaKfha mdo j, iólrK ,shkak'
(iii) 4ADC  ABC nj fmkajkak'

124 y  m1 x  c1 yd y  m2 x  c2 hk ir, f¾Ld fol w;r iq¿fldaKh fidhkak'

3x  2 y  7  0 f¾Ldjg ,ïNl jQ (4,5) ,CIHh yryd hkakd jQ f¾Ldfõ iólrKh fidhkak'
ABCD iudka;rdi%fha A(-1,-3), B(4,3) iy ABC  fha flakaølh (4,2) fõ' wfkla Ys¾Ij,
LKavdxl fidhkak' tys mdoj, yd úl¾Khkaf.a iólrKhka o fidhkak'

125 P1  ( x1 , y1 ), P2  ( x2 , y2 ) fõ' P1P2 f¾Ld LKavfha ,ïN iuÉfþolfha iólrKh

2 x( x1  x2 )  2 y ( y1  y2 )  x12  y12  x22  y22 nj fmkajkak'
ABC ;%sfldaKhl AB, AC mdoj, ,ïN iuÉfþol ms<sfj,ska x  y  0 iy x  2 y  0 fõ' BC
mdoh (1,2) u; msysghs' A ys m:h x 2  y 2  x  7 y  0 nj fmkajkak'
126 x  y  0 f¾Ldj iu. iudk fldak we;s lrk (0,0) ;=<ska hk ir, f¾Ld 2la x = 2 f¾Ldj A
yd B ys§ yuqfõ' AB ys uOH ,CIfhys" 2 x  y  1  0 f¾Ldfjka we;ajk m%;sìïNh y wCIh u;
msysghs kï f¾Ld 2ys iólrK fidhkak'
127 x  y  1  0 iy 2 x  y  1  0 hk f¾Ld foflka iy" tu f¾Ld folg iudka;rj (2,-1) ,CIh
yryd hk f¾Ld foflka iEfok iudka;rdi%fha úl¾K j, iólrK fidhkak'
iudka;rdi%h" frdïnihlao @ hk nj ks¾Kh lrkak'

1 
128 P  ,5  ,CIh" AB, BC yd AC mdoj, iólrK ms<sfj,ska 2 x  3 y  1  0 " 2 x  y  5  0 yd
2 
5 x  y  4  0 jQ ACB ;%sfldaKh ;=< fkdmsysgk nj fmkajkak'
fh!jkh wúpdrj;aj .; lrkakdg uy¨ úfha§ miq ;eùug isÿ fõ'
14
129 P( ,  ) ,CIfha isg ax  by  c  0 ir, f¾Ldjg weÈ ,ïNlh u; msysá ,CIhl LKavdxl
(  at ,   bt ) wdldrfhka t mrdñ;sh weiqfrka m%ldY l< yels nj fmkajkak'
P(4,1) ,CIfha isg 2 x  3 y  4  0 ir, f¾Ldjg weÈ ,ïnlh u; Q ,CIh msysgkafka
PR : RQ = 1:3 jk fia wNHka;rj msysá R ,CIh x  y  1  0 ir, f¾Ldj u; msysgk mßÈh'
2 x  3 y  4  0 iy x  y  1  0 ir, f¾Ld foflys fþok ,CIh S fõ'
(i) Q ys LKavdxl fidhkak' (ii) S ys LKavdxl fidhkak' (iii) QRS  fha j¾.M,h fidhkak'

130 A,B,C,D ,CI j,g ms<sfj,ska (-2,8), (9,-3), (12,6), (0,15) LKavdxl ;sfí' C ys isg AB f¾Ldjg
 
weÈ ,ïnlfha wäfha Lkavdxl fidhkak' APD  BPC jk mßÈ A yd B w;r AB f¾Ldj u;
msysá P ,CIfha LKavdxl fidhkak' PDC ;%sfldaKhg j¾. tall 54 l j¾.M,hla we;s nj
fmkajkak'
131 ( ,  ) ,CIfha isg ax  by  c  0 f¾Ldjg ,ïNl ÿr fidhkak' tkhska"
AB, BC yd AC mdo j, iólrK ms<sfj,ska 3 x  y  0,3 x  y  2  0 yd x  2 y  2  3  0 jQ
;%sfldaKfha wka;#flakaøh P(1,1) nj fmkajkak'
132 a1 x  b1 y  c1   (a2 x  b2 y  c2 )  0 iólrKh" a1 x  b1 y  c1  0 yd a2 x  b2 y  c2  0 u.ska fokq
,nk ir, f¾Ldj, fþok ,CIh yryd hk ir, f¾Ldjla ksrEmkh lrk nj fmkajkak'
fuys  hkq mrdñ;shla fõ' ABCD hkq frdïnihls' AB yd BC mdoj, yd AC úl¾Kfha
iólrK ms<sfj,ska 2 x  3 y  4  0,3 x  4 y  5  0 yd 6 x  7 y  8  0 fõ' frdïnifha wfkla
mdo foflys yd wfkla úl¾Kfha iólrK fidhkak'
133 (1,2) isg P ,CIHhg we;s ÿr (2,1) ,CIHfha isg P g we;s ÿr fuka fo.=Khls' P ys m:fha
iólrKhg fidhkak'
 
134 P  (a 2 , a) iy Q  (b 2 , b) hkq POQ  jk mßÈ jQ ,CI folla f,i .ksuq' fuys O hkq
2
uQ,,CIh fõ' ab  1 nj fmkajkak'
PQ f¾Ldfõ iólrKh fidhd fuu f¾Ldj (1,0) ,CIh yryd hk nj fmkajkak'
OPRQ RcqfldaKdi%hla jk mßÈ R  ( ,  ) ,CIh f;dard .ksuq'
(i)    2  2 nj
9 
(ii) R isg 4x = 7f¾Ldjg we;s ,ïN ÿr  , 0  ,CIh iy R w;r we;s ÿrg iu nj fmkajkak'
4 
135 E  x0 , y0  hkq xy ;,fha jQ úp,H ,CIHhls' P   2, 0  , Q   4, 0  hkq wp, ,CIH folls' PE
yd QE ir, f¾Ld y wCIh ms<sfj,ska R yd S ys§ yuqfõ' PS f¾Ldj yd OE f¾Ldj T ys§ yuqfõ'
4 
E  x0 , y0  ys ish¨ w.hka i\yd RT f¾Ldj  , 0  ,CIH yryd hk nj idOkh lrkak'
3 
136 ABC ;%sfldaKfha AB, BC, CA mdoj, ióCIK ms<sfj,ska 2 x  3 y  1  0,5 x  6 y  1  0 yd
x  2 y  3  0 fõ' t, t 
2
,CIH ABC ;%sfldaKh ;=< ;sîu i|yd t g .; yels ish¨u w.hka
fidhkak'

137 0    2 úg x  7 cos  , y  7 sin  iólrK u.ska S keu;s jl%hla fokq ,efí'

d  x  7 y  5 2  0 fõ' S u; msysá d g b;du wdikak jQ ,CIH P0 ys LKavdxlh o P0 isg d g
we;s ^fláu& ÿr fidhkak' fuys  mrdñ;shls'

138  h, k  isg ax  by  c  0 f¾Ldjg we;s ,ïn ÿr fidhkak' iup;=ri%hl tla mdohl È. tall
folla fõ' tla úl¾Khla 7 x  y  0 f¾Ldjg iudka;rh úl¾K 1,1 ,CIHfha§ fþokh
jkafka kï iup;=ri%fha mdoj, iólrK fidhkak'
fidndoyug wkqj f,dl=u úfkdaoh jefvys fhÈuhs'
15
139 A,B,C hkq ms<sfj,ska  4, 2  ,  3,1 ,  2, 6  jk fia msysá ,CIH ;=kls' D hkq AB f.ka C msysá
me;a;g m%;súreoaO me;af;a msysá ,CIHhla jk w;r ADB ;%sfldaKfha j¾.M,h ieuúgu j¾.
tall 30 jk fia D úp,kh fõ' D ys m:h fidhkak'
CD yd AB f¾Ld Q ys§ fþokh fõ kï CQ:QD wwkqmd;h D ys ish¨ msysàï i|yd ksh; nj
fmkajkak'
ABC ;%sfldaKhl WÉphka AD, BE yd CF j, iólrK ms<sfj,ska x  y  0, x  4 y  0, 2 x  y  0
fõ' A ys LKavdxl  t , t  fõ' ^t mrdñ;shls& B yd C LKavdxl fidhkak' t ys ish¨ ;d;aúl
w.hkg ;%sfldaKfha flakaølfha m:h x  5 y  0 u.ska ,efnk nj fmkajkak'

140  a  b  c   a 2  b2  c 2  ab  ac  bc   a3  b3  c3  3abc nj i;Hdmkh lrkak' fuys a,b,c hkq

m%Nskak ;d;aúl ixLHd fõ' ax  by  c  0, bx  cy  a  0 yd cx  ay  b  0 ir, f¾Ld ;=k
ix.dó fõ kï"
a3  b3  c3  3abc nj fmkajd a  b  c  0 nj fmkajkak' ix.dó ,CIHh o fidhkak'

141 y   x yd y   x yd y  c u.ska wdjrKh jk j¾.M,h

1 2
4
c 11  
3  1 nj fmkajkak'

 ,  hkq x 2    
32 x 
3  1  0 ys uQ, fõ' a,b,c tlg wiudk m%Nskak ;d;aúl ixLHd úg
 a a  3   b b  3   c c2  3 
3 2 3 2 3
 , , , , ,  ,CIH tal f¾Çh fõ'
 a 1 a 1   b 1 b 1   c 1 c 1 
3  a  b  c   ab  ac  bc  abc nj fmkajkak'

142 (a) u1  a1 x  b1 y  c1  0 iy u2  a2 x  b2 y  c2  0 fþokh jk f¾Ld fol w;r iq¿ fldaKh

;=< o uQ, ,CIHh msysgd we;'  a1a2  b1b2  c1c2  0 nj fmkajkak'
(b) 2 x  y  4  0 f¾Ldjg ox wCIh A ys§ o OY wCIh B ys§ o yuqfõ' O uq, ,CIHh nj § we;'
AOB fldaKh fojk jD;a; mdoh fõ' P    a, b  , a  o, b  0 AOB ;%sfldaKh ;=< fojk
jD;a; mdofha we;' P isg AB mdohg ,ïnfha È. p fõ' p ,CIHh AB u; kï 2a  b nj
wfmdaykh lrkak'

1
143 PA yd PB hkq p  h, k  isg y  x yd y  x f¾Ldj,g ms<sfj,ska we¢ ,ïnl fõ' AB ys uOH
2
,CIHh jk M ys LKavdxl fidhd" P ,CIHh 5 x  4 y  10  0 u; p,kh jk úg" M ,CIHh
x  7 y  5  0 f¾Ldj u; .uka lrk nj fmkajkak'

144 ax  by  c  0 f¾Ldjg f¾Ldfjka msg; msysá P   x0 , y0  ,CIHfha isg we¢ ,ïnlfha wäfha
LKavdxl;a" p ,CIHfha isg f¾Ldjg we;s ÿr;a fidhkak'
A   2a, 0  , B   2a, 0  wp, ,CIH fol w;ßka hk úp,H f¾Ldjka tu ,CIH fofla isg
f¾Ldjg we;s ÿr m%udKj, .=Ks;h a 2 g iu jk fia úp,kh fõ' A fyda B ´kEu ,CIHhl
isg f¾Ldjg we¢ ,ïnfha wäh x 2  y 2  3a 2 iólrKh ;Dma; lrk nj fmkajkak'

145 P yd Q hkq ms<sfj,ska x iy y wCI u; jQ m%Nskak úp,H ,CIH folls' A hkq 1,1 ,CIHhhs' A
isg PQ g we¢ ,ïnfha wäh R fõ' P    , 0  iy Q   0,   f,i f.k  iy  weiqßka R
ys LKavdxl fidhkak' fuys  ,   0 fõ'
ˆ
PAQ RcqfldaKhla jk mßÈ x iy y wCI u; P yd Q ,CIH úp,kh fõ kï R ,CIHh
x  y  1  0 ir, f¾Ldj u; msysgk nj fmkajkak'

16