eee 7? ~ Mobel. Commenicabion [cellular Communcehon] Coll Conaspt In mobele Communicabion, the enhre geopret Ore és cliveed tn a number of lh - ~ The coll are Frexagonal or shape. cdeally « The cols ae on niseol nls clutfia weth mosk cellular syshome asing devin cally tr the clus be- ~£ach club, 4 allocated 0 freed bard g Pregquenceis : These freguane.tis are aivviled! among clk a a clastic Adjacent cell cannok uso same frarquency ~The cell shirclioe 4 given below : - Lath ailb contain an antnna and & conkalled by @ émall office with vi the call called call offece [Base Trans xecuvey Skahen, 875] ~AU subsesibes insich aw particular all ave monleed and tacked conhinucusly by the 895 and data & seal & the enkal oKfece (Mobile Surlhing anti, Msc] wee -MSC suconds all dala re ding all cath , bithg ¥ calls ete- -Th : ana ¥ each all ail elpend on the paialae af subceabou,“s ie of the buleings grapraphical rigs High BY ns ly §— antas Aeguuhe 20% a ém lhe buat i boafpe demands rpne’d Frey, eney Revise -it 4 Us prouw tn which the same sek frequencies can be allocalid t more than. one cell. provided De al ow separalid 6 Augficiont clistance «dn atbe commumicabon Ayslon , freyuney Heuse Wows a. beavice provider & vicuase te number ¥ subsesbers - — Contr foo luslos of sever. alh each: cluslin 4 duttivz -cellA cr ously t and clufu 2, cues the same set F poquencizs Thus thy ave called co-channel colh- The sbame ba 4g fuppaneis ne aeused in c-channl colh but thee- mak be doffeint distante. behwoon thun- *. ~ celb AFB use differnt det of fequercus and are cold kc calhs » Hod ovey/ Hard off G@ @» A Bre as ars Sa.ey (mobile stafion,.Ms) -Ahin, a tre ot moves fom calls de calla, the Atgmal shength obtaind fer that mobil from all L begins te decrease. and the segnal Shing th from calla, goes on areseatieg « = Wher the segnal shenghh from alla wrmaxs ahove a cthresholel valu and the seynal shingt. from allt deve ass below a Upeshell value, the mobile Aandsel- sritalis hand df. — Thi He Fe alla albcala a channel por te noble eel be conlinus Be call and te charvel fr The call flom call gob oliconnectil: The mobele Randsal will continue the call “Hoough the neatly allscalid channel That prowss ts call and off or Aand oy: Net: The fiom mebtle communication tmplus that either the pecriver of tiansmill. of Loth tiamsmillln and recuiey are in mokion while communtcalion 4 going on- In Incliir, we Rave adyplid a shardad os (Cobbal Syslin fr Mobele communseabon) peraling 1a 00M yg bard. -Gsm fa standad that ds developed by the Euupean blecommunicahon standard inshiule 5 cleserube. protecols fe Send gensalon (20) dita cellulay networks used ty mobile phones ~ Frequency band of 390MHy ~ JI6Mu 3 . and sheep aut, as ee ay ag Mepuaty rg canes lesed tn SmGsm Archilctuse. A ensm network consile # onainly tres pork: W Mobile stahon (Ms) () Base Station duhayalin ass) CD Network Suvthing abst ss) (vobile saa T)(ue] [ver] [Aue [ER] Ns) i | 8Ts | | PST ‘ ! 7 ae [Bsc Msc ISN Web BTS [ma | leona La Ms Base Stab | t Sub) 8 : { re Nekwosk Sewitchin | aulde A Subsystio (HSS) ) BTSs - Base Trans eceiny Skation BSc - Base Skaton Gntolley ome - Operabon ¢ Mudiene HLR- Home Lecahion Rgislir Ceonli. VLR- Visilor Lecabion Reg i PSTN Public Borithed Telephone Auc - Authentication Gnte Nekioovk EIR ~ Equipment ‘dint Ryial ISDN ~ Intiqnalid Services Be mse - ee, amie Gnhe : :© © Mobile Stalin lt wonsioé % mobile. equipment such as cellphone. and a Smark cavd calkol Subscriber Sdentify Module of SIM, which Contains entise custsmer selalid Lrfrmalion - Each Randse 4 Raving a. unique edentty umber frown as Sntisnalional Mobile Equipment Slertity OMEL) number which os dnstalld sr the phone ahi mansfacherng and that cannot be charged An IMEI Ls marked! a8 invalid cf it fas been apeted ble. - $1 card ba memery cod usher tnfrmahons Like sim riwober,, dntismational Mobile dubscube tdentely mumber (mst), a secuk hey for ds authenbicahon ele acre thase- ~The sin cas & prolichd mst the unauthorisecl use by a 4-digit password lenewn as Personal Soantificalon Numboy (PIN) » ) Base Slaten Gobi (5) Th. BSS mainly consol ga vk, Base Thans sceivoy Ayton (B78) and! Base Stahion Conballer (BSC) (2 Base Trans secsiver Stabon (875) ~ This fs The 65% part that communicalis wih te mobile. Th BTs 2 usually Nocalid oF the ents, of the call: The antinna it abo wicludid asa part gy 87s (i) Basc bfalion Conbolley (Bsc) - A gnoup BTs's an conbolled by a BSC -k provicls contol fy the enbise B55. = Ht manages raclio chanul set upard hand -overs- ~ provides the connschbn. between mobile Sstabion (mS) and MSC.-é- © Network Switching Subs (ns) Nss controls the entre netework. 53 contains the mse and Various olainbases ewhich ave used bs contol the nebuoovk C_Mobile Sevitching Gente (mse) -H & th ental component ¥ NSS and provide call furcbionalitics needed ts handle a mobil Aubsoiber such as =m es mobile Location —switdes call 2 es Security funchon —contit Rardover between B5C's ele « ~H also provides th connechion b ficed nehoork such as PeTN. Clardlins) @)_Home hecalron Reg isfee (WLR) =I contains aiftrmabin cach subsauber replied in the comesponding sm network, along with the. current lecaben & the. mobile. () Visilss Aoashon Rageslic (eR) -# & only a. timperary Abnage whoe te aditail ave Auld a ng as the subseubey £8 with ui the somite aa: -/t eontauns anfrmabon g every vistlig usey ch the avea: Go Authunticahon cenbse (AVE) -H gewalis and sls authiaticahon pavamulas fr subscubey tdintificahon - Ww Equipment Sdantily Rapeilic CER) -Valid WET te hued vr this aegeilc. W Cperahons and Maintinanee Cente Come) —H eonbols and monifeu other network wnilt —Two ome's an wed soy BSs mmenileuing ane MSCEshvblshirg a cal +O Mobile ta Yue nedesork « Beslinalion number is alindd ord Cal buthn is pressed Than the trbrmalion ds peuiay fo & MSc Hrrvough BSC # NSC yeni{ids the HOR the calling number eohether ab ds authownd & make a caf of Uo auithow aed. the called number will ke — analyrud. A Us a londkere nuroler, MSC focal 0 path 4 Jace number through — PS TAr nelcverk « © He deal —phona 3 OH hoot — rrohile urd recer'ves & wh back (0) Mobile fo Mobile « beskinalon nurabe a olitlidd are! cui! Auton ts pressed. Thon the (@pralien 4 pased % MSC Prough BSC the MLR q the coking nurnher, eohsther Lt & a MSC yertzics of ct ls authored , the called neither fo rake wo eal, number eoell be axrcly necl e tohin the number olituleel ds mobile Msc fers the HER gy calli! raobile number. to porn thy HER data. cured the call & e ok vecetves the VER the Pouclsed 41 present ould f Hu conespenclng N& where neu bY the dluskinalicn reobike 2 elle, call etl he connechel and ‘vg back a sent fo the caling numbey. Foud Unit to Mobil, tant The duskiralion number a digkd and th call is fo NSC through PSTN neteoork eo NSC ends the WLR th Callid rrobile nurabey «ok yeurves the WR ID qhore the HLR data ant th calf youlid to The Corvexporcleng Méc tdhne the haadlseé 43 praent now- © * youbd u-8- & Of the oluskinat on mobile a cde, calf wwtll be connetbad! ard ry back la gent to the calling — nurnbey-