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With smoke of sighs sometyme I might beholde,
The place all dimde, like to the morning mist:
And strait agayne the teares how they downrold
Alongst his cheekes, as if the riuers hyst:
Whose flowing streames ne where no soner whist,
But to the stars such dreadfull shouts hee sent,
As if the throne of mighty Ioue should rent.

87.

And I the while with sprits[1638] welny bereft,

Beheld the plight and pangs that did him strayne,
And how the bloud his deadly colour left,
And straight retournde with flaming red againe:
When sodaynly amid his raging payne
Hee gaue a sigh, and with that sigh hee sayed:
“Oh Banastaire:” and strait agayne hee stayed.

88.

Dead lay his corps, as dead as any stone,

Till swelling sighes storming within his brest,
Upraysde his head, that downeward fell anone,
With lookes vpcast, and sighes that neuer ceast:
Forth stremde the teares records of his vnrest,
When hee with shrikes thus groveling on the ground,
Ybrayed these words with shrill and dolefull sounde.

89.

“Heauen and earth, and ye eternall lamps

That, in the heauens wrapt, wyll vs to rest,
Thou bright Phœbe, that clearest the night’s damps,
Witnes the playnts that in these pangs opprest,
I, wofull wretch, vnlade out of my brest,
And let mee yeelde my last words, ere I parte,
You, you, I call to record of my smarte.
 90.

And thou, Alecto, feede mee with thy foode,

Let fall thy serpents from thy snaky heare,
For such releife well fits mee in this moode,
To feede my playnt with horrour and with feare,
While rage afresh thy venomde worme areare:
And thou Sibilla, when thou seest mee faynte,
Addresse thy selfe the guide of my complaynt.

91.

And thou, O Ioue, that with the[1639] deepe fordoome

Dost rule the earth, and raygne aboue the skies,
That wreakest wrongs, and geu’st[1640] the dreadfull
doome
Agaynst the wretch that doth thy name despise,[1641]
Receiue these words, and wreake them in such wise,
As heauen and earth may wytnesse and beholde,
Thy heapes of wrath vpon this wretch vnfolde.

92.

Thou Banastaire, gainst thee I clepe and call

Unto the gods, that they iust vengeaunce take
On thee, thy bloud, thy stayned stocke and all:
O Ioue, to thee aboue the rest I make
My humble playnt, guide mee, that what I speake,
May be thy will vpon this wretch to fall,
On thee, Banastaire, wretch of wretches all.

93.

O would to God, the[1642] cruell dismall day,

That gaue mee light fyrst to behold thy face,
With foule eclipse had reft my sight away:
Th’vnhappy[1643] hower, the tyme, and eke the place,
[1644]
The sunne and moone, the stars, and all that was
In theire aspects helping in ought to thee,
The earth and ayre, and all, accursed bee.

94.

And thou caytyfe, that like a monster swarued

From kinde and kindnes, hast thy maister lorne,
Whom neyther trueth, nor trust wherein thou serued,
Ne his deserts could moue, nor thy fayth sworne,
How shall I curse, but wish that thou vnborne
Had beene, or that the earth had rent in tway,
And swallowed thee in cradle as thou laye.

95.

To this did I, euen from thy tender youth,

Witsaue[1645] to bring thee vp? did I herefore
Beleue the oth of thy vndoubted troth?
Aduaunce thee vp, and trust thee euermore?
By trusting thee that I should dye therefore?
O wretch, and worse then wretch, what shall I say?
But clepe and curse gaynst thee and thine for aye.

96.

Hated be thou, disdaynde of euery wight,

And poynted at where euer that thou goe:
A trayterous wretch, vnworthy of the light
Bee thou esteemde; and to encrease thy woe,
The sounde be hatefull of thy name also:
And in this sort with shame and sharp reproche,
Lead thou thy life, tyll greater griefe approche.

97.
Dole and despayre, let those be thy delight,
Wrapped in woes that cannot bee vnfolde,
To wayle the day, and weepe the weary night,
With rayny eyne and sighes cannot be tolde,
And let no wight thy woe seeke to withholde:
But count thee worthy (wretch) of sorrowe’s store,
That suffering much, oughtst still to suffer more.

98.

Deserue thou death, yea bee thou deemde to dye

A shamefull death, to end thy shamefull life:
A sight longed for, ioyfull to euery eye,
When thou shalt bee arraigned as a theefe,
Standing at bar, and pleading for thy life,
With trembling tongue in dread and dolour’s rage,
Lade with white lockes, and fourscore yeares of age.

99.

Yet shall not death deliuer thee so soone

Out of thy woes, so happy shalt not[1646] bee:
But to th’eternall[1647] Ioue this is my boone,
That thou mayst[1648] liue thine eldest sonne to see
Reft of his wits, and in a foule bore’s stye
To end his dayes, in rage and death distrest,
A worthy tombe where one of thine should rest.

100.

Yet[1649] after this, yet pray I more, thou may

Thy second sonne see drowned in a dyke,
And in such sort to close his later day,
As heard or seene erst hath not been the like:
Ystrangled in a puddle, not halfe[1650] so deepe
As halfe a foote, that such hard losse of life,
So cruelly chaunst, may bee the[1651] greater griefe.
 101.

And not yet shall thy hugie[1652] sorrowes ceasse,

Ioue shall not so witholde his wrath, from thee,
But that thy plagues may more and more encrease,
Thou shalt still liue, that thou thy selfe maist see
Thy deare daughter stroken with leprosye:[1653]
That shee, that erst was all thy whole delight,
Thou now mayst loth to haue her come in sight.

102.

And after that, let shame and sorrowes griefe

Feede forth thy yeares continually in woe,
That thou maist lieue in death, and dye in life,
And in this sort forwaylde and weried so,
At last thy ghost to part thy body fro:
This pray I, Ioue, and with this later breath,
Vengaunce I aske vpon my cruell death.”

103.

This sayde, he flong his retchlesse armes abroade,

And, groueling, flat vpon the grounde he laye,
Which with his teeth hee all to gnasht and gnawde,
Deepe groanes hee fet, as hee that would awaye:
But, loe, in vayne hee did the death assay:
Although I thinke was neuer man that knewe
Such deadly paynes, where death did not ensue.

104.

So stroue hee thus a while as with the death,

Now pale as leade, and cold as any stone,
Now still as calme, now storming forth a breath
Of smoky sighes, as breath and all were gone:
But euery thing hath end: so hee anone
Came to himselfe, when, with a sigh outbrayed,
 With woefull chere, these woefull words hee sayed:

105.

“Ah, where am I, what thing, or whence is this?

Who reft my wits? or how doe I thus lye?
My lyms do quake, my thought agasted is,
Why sigh I so? or whereunto do I
Thus grovle[1654] on the grounde?” and by and by
Upraysde hee stoode, and with a sigh hath stayde,
When to himselfe retourned thus hee sayde:

106.

“Suffiseth now this playnt and this regrete,

Whereof my heart his bottom hath vnfraught:
And of my death let peeres and princes wete
The world’s vntrust, that they thereby be taught:
And in her wealth, sith that such chaunge is wrought,
Hope not too much, but in the mids of all
Thinke on my death, and what may them befall.

107.

So long as fortune would permit the same,

I liu’d[1655] in rule and ryches with the best:
And past my time in honour and in fame,
That of mishap no feare was in my brest:
But false fortune, whom[1656] I suspected least,
Did tourne the wheele, and with a dolefull fall
Hath mee bereft of honour, life, and all.

108.

Loe, what avayles in riches, flouds that flowes?

Though she so smylde, as all the world were his,
Euen kings and kesars, byden[1657] fortune’s throwes,
And simple sort, must beare it as it is:
Take heede by mee that blithde in balefull blisse,
My rule, my riches, royall bloud and all,
When fortune frounde the feller made my fall.

109.

For hard mishaps, that happens vnto such

Whose wretched state erst neuer fell no chaunge,
Agreeue them not in any part so much
As theyr distresse: to whom it is so straunge
That all theyr liues, nay passed pleasures raunge,
Theyr sodayne woe, that aye wielde welth at will,
Algates theyr hearts more pearcingly must thrill.

110.

For of my byrth, my bloud was of the best,

First borne an earle, then duke by due discent,
To swinge the sway in court among the rest,
Dame fortune mee her rule most largely lent,
And, kinde with courage, so my corps had blent,
That, loe, on whom but mee did shee most smyle?
And whom but mee, loe, did shee most begyle?

111.

Now hast thou heard the whole of my vnhap,[1658]

My chaunce, my chaunge, the cause of all my care:
In welth and woe, how fortune did mee wrap,
With world at will, to win mee to her snare:
Bid kings, bid kesars, bid[1659] all states beware,
And tell them this from me that tryde it true:
Who reckles rules, right soone may hap to rue.”

T. S.[1660]
 [“How like you this my maisters?” quoth[1661] I. “Very well,” sayd
one: “the tragedy excelleth: the inuention also of the induction, and
the descriptions are notable. But wheras hee fayneth to talke with
the princes in hell, that I am sure will bee mislyked, because it is
most certayne, that some of theyr soules be in heauen. And although
hee herein doe follow allowed poets, in their description of hell, yet it
sauoureth so much of purgatory, which the papistes haue digged
thereout, that the ignorant may thereby bee deceiued.” “Not a whit I
warrant you,” sayd I,[1662] “for hee meaneth not by his hell the place
eyther of damned soules, or of such as lye for their fees, but rather
the graue, wherein the dead bodyes of all sorts of people doe rest till
time of the resurrection. And in this sence is hell taken often in the
scriptures, and in the writings of learned christians. And so, as hee
himselfe hath told mee, hee meaneth, and so would haue it taken.”
“Tush,” quoth[1663] another, “what stand we here vpon? it is a poesy,
and no diuinity: and it is lawfull for poets to faine what they list, so it
bee appertinent to the matter: and therefore let it passe euen in such
sort as you haue read it.” “With a good will,” quoth[1664] I. “But
whereas you say a poet may faine what he list: in deede me
thinke[1665] it should bee so, and ought to be well taken of the
hearers: but it hath not at all times beene so allowed.” “Yee say
troth,” quoth[1666] the reader: “for here followeth in the story, that
after the death of this duke, one called Collingbourne was cruelly put
to death for making of a rime.” “I haue his tragedy here,” sayd[1667] I.
For the better perceiuing whereof, you must imagine that you see
him a maruailous well fauoured man, holding in his hand his owne
heart, newely ripped out of his breast, and smoaking forth the liuely
spirite: and with his hand,[1668] beckening to and fro, as it were to
warne vs to auoide: and with his faint tongue and voice, saying as
couragiously as bee may, these words that followe.]
 How Collingbourne was cruelly
executed for making a foolish ryme.
1.

Beware, take heede, take heede, beware, beware[1669]

You poets, you, that purpose to rehearce
By any art what tyraunt’s doings are:
Erynnis rage is growne so fell and fearce,
That vicious acts may not be toucht in verse:
The muse’s[1670] freedome, graunted them of elde,
Is barde, slye reasons treasons hye are helde.

2.

Be rough in ryme, and then they say you rayle,

As Iuuenal was, but that[1671] makes[1672] no matter:
With Ieremy you shall bee had to iayle,
Or forc’d with Martial, Cæsar’s faultes to flatter:
Clarkes must bee taught to claw, and not to clatter:
Free Helicon and franke Parnassus’ hylls,
Are helly haunts, and ranke pernicious ylls.

3.

Touch couertly in terms, and then you taunt,

Though praysed poets alway did the like,
Controll vs not, els traytour vile auaunt,
What passe wee what the learned doe mislike?
Our sinnes wee see, wherein to swarme wee seeke:
Wee passe not what the people say or thinke:
 Their shittle hate makes[1673] none but cowards
shrinke.

4.

Wee knowe, say they, the course of fortune’s wheele,

How constantly it whirleth still about,
Arrearing now, while elder headlong reele,
How all the riders alway hang in doubt:
But what for that? we count him but a loute
That sticks to mount, and basely like a beast
Liues temperatly, for feare of Blockam feast.

5.

In deede wee would of all be deemed gods

What euer[1674] wee do: and therefore partly hate
Rude preachers, that dare threaten [vs] plagues and
rods,
And blase the blots whereby wee stayne our state:
But nought wee passe what any such do prate:
Of course and office they must say theyr pleasure,
And we of course must heare and mend at leasure.

6.

But when these pelting poets in theyr rymes

Shall taunt, or iest, or paynt our wicked workes,
And cause the people know and curse our crymes,
This ougly fault no tyraunt liues but vrkes:
Wherefore wee loth such taunters[1675] worse then
Turkes,
Whose meaning is to[1676] make vs know our misse,
And so to mend:[1677] but they but doate in this.

7.
Wee know our faults as well as any other,
Wee also doubt the daungers from them due:
Yet still wee trust so right to rule[1678] the rother,
That scape we shall the sourges that ensue:
We thinke we know more[1679] shifts than other knew:
In vayne therefore for vs are counsailes writ:
Wee know our faults, and will not mend a whit.

8.

These are the feats of the vnhappy sort,[1680]

That preace for honours, wealth, and pleasure vayne:
Ceasse therefore, Baldwine, ceasse I thee exhort,
Withdrawe thy pen, for nothing shalt thou gayne
Saue hate, with losse of paper, ynke, and payne:
Fewe hate theyr faults, all hate of them to heare,
And faultiest, from fault would seeme most cleare.[1681]

9.

Thy intent[1682] I know is honest,[1683] playne, and good,

To warne the wise, to fray the fond fro[1684] ill,
But wicked worldlings are so witles wood,
That to the worst they althinges construe still:
With rigour oft they recompence good will:
They racke the wordes till time theyr sinowes burst,
In dolefull[1685] sences strayning still the worst.

10.

A paynfull proofe taught mee the truth of this,

Through tyraunt’s rage, and fortune’s cruell tourne:
They murdred mee, for meetring things amisse:
For wotst thou what? I am that Collingbourne
Which made the ryme, whereof I may well[1686] mourne:
[1687]
 “The cat, the rat, and Louell our dog,
Doe rule all England, vnder a hog.”

11.

Whereof the meaning was so playne and true,

That euery foole perceiued it at furst:
Most liked it, for most that most things knewe,
In hugger mugger, muttred what they durst:
The tyraunt prince of[1688] most was held accurst,
Both for his owne, and for his counsayl’s faults,[1689]
Of whom were[1690] three, the naughtyest of all
naughts.

12.

Catesby was one, whom[1691] I called[1692] a cat,

A crafty lawyer, catching all hee could:
The second Ratcliffe, whom I namde a rat,
A cruell beast to gnawe on whom hee should:
Lord Louell barkt and bit whom Richard would,
Whom I therefore did rightly tearme our dog,
Wherewith to ryme I calde the king a hog.

13.

Tyll he the crowne had caught, hee[1693] gaue the bore,

In which estate would God hee had deceased,
Than had the realme not ruined so sore,
His nephue’s raigne should not so soone haue ceased,
The noble bloud had not beene so decreased:
His rat, his cat, and bloudhound had not noyed,
Such liegemen true, as after they destroyed.[1694]

14.

Theyr lawles actes good subiects did[1695] lament.

And so did I, and therefore made the rymes
To shew my wit, how well I could inuent,
To warne withall the carelesse of theyr crymes:
I thought the freedom of the auncient tymes
Stoode still in force: Ridentem dicere verum
Quis vetat? nay, nay. Veritas est pessuma[1696] rerum.
[1697]

15.

Belike no tyraunts were in Horace’ dayes,

And therefore poets freely blamed vice,
Witnesse theyr satyrs[1698] sharp, and traguike playes,
With chiefest princes chiefly had in price:
They name no man, they mixe theyr gall with spice,
No more doe I, I name no man outright,
But riddle wise, I meane them as I might.

16.

When bruite had brought this to theyr gylty eares,

Whose right surnames were[1699] noted in the ryme,
They all conspired, like most greedy beares,
To charge me straight with this most greeuous cryme:
[1700]
And damned mee the gallow tree to clyme,
And then strangled, in[1701] quarters to bee cut,
Which should on high ouer[1702] London gates be put.

17.

This iudgement giuen so vehement and sore,[1703]

Made me exclame agaynst[1704] theyr tyranny:
Wherewith encenst, to make my payne the more,
They practised a shamefull vilany:
They cut mee downe aliue, and cruelly
 Ript vp my paunch and bulke, to make me smart,
And lingred long ere they tooke out my hart.

18.

Here tyraunt Richard playde the eager hog,

His grashing tuskes my tender gristles shore:
His bloodhound Louell playde the hungry dog,[1705]
His woluish teeth my giltles carkasse tore:
His rat, and cat, did what they might, and more
Cat Catesby clawed my guts to make me smart,
The rat Ratcliffe[1706] gnawed mee to the hart.

19.

If Iewes had kilde the iustest king aliue,

If Turkes had burnt vp churches, gods, and all,
What greater payne could cruell hearts contriue,
Than that I suffred for this trespasse small?
I was no prince, nor peere, but yet my fall
Is worthy to be thought vpon for this,
To see how cankard tyrant’s malice is.

20.

To teach also all subiects to take heede

They medle not with magistrates affayres,
But pray to God to mend them if it neede:
To warne also all poets that be strayers,
To keepe them close in compasse of theyr chayers,
And when they touch that they would wish[1707]
amended,
To sauce them so, that fewe neede bee offended.

21.

And so to mixe theyr sharpe rebukes with mirth,

That they may pearce, not causing any payne,
Saue such as followeth euery kindely byrth,
Requited strayt, with gladnes of the gayne:
A poet must be pleasaunt, not too playne,
Faults to controll, ne yet to flatter vice,[1708]
But sound and sweete, in all things ware and wise.

22.

The Greekes do paynt a poet’s office whole

In Pegasus, theyr fayned horse with wings,
Whome shaped so Medusae’s bloud did foale,
Who with his feete strake out the muses’ springs,
Fro[1709] flinty rockes to Hellicon that clings:
And then flewe vp into[1710] the starry skie,
And[1711] there abides among the gods on hye.[1712]

23.

For hee that shall a perfect poet bee,

Must first bee bred out of Medusae’s bloud,
He must be chast and vertuous, as was shee
Who to her powre the Ocean god withstoode:
To th’ende also his doome be iust and good,
Hee must, as shee, looke rightly with one eye
Truth to regarde, and write nothing awrye.[1713]

24.

In courage eke he must be like a horse,

He may not feare to register the right:
What though some frowne? thereof he may not force,
[1714]
No bit, nor reyne, his tender iawes may twight:
He must be armde with strength of wit and sprite,
To dash the rocks, darke causes and obscure,
Till hee attayne the springs of truth most pure.
 25.

His hooues also must[1715] plyant bee and strong,

To riue the rocks of lust and errours blinde,
In braynlesse heads, that alway wander wrong:
These must hee brise[1716] with reasons playne and
kinde,
Till springs of grace doe gush out of the minde:
For till affections from the fond be driuen,
In vayne is truth tolde, or good counsayle giuen.

26.

Like Pegasus a poet must haue wings,

To flye to heauen, or where him liketh best:[1717]
He must haue knowledge of eternall things,
Almighty Ioue must harbour in his brest:
With worldly cares he may not be opprest,
The wings of wit and skill[1718] must heaue him hyer,
With great delight to satisfie desier.[1719]

27.

He must also be lusty,[1720] free, and swift

To trauayle far, to vewe the trades of men,
Great knowledge oft is gotten by this[1721] shift:
Things that import hee[1722] must bee quicke to pen,
Reprouing vices sharply now and then:
He must be swift when touched tyraunts chafe,
To gallop thence, to keepe his carkas safe.

28.

If I had well these qualityes considered,[1723]

Especially that which I touched last,
With speedy flight my feete should haue deliuered
My feeble body from [a] most boystrous blast,[1724]
They should haue caught mee, ere I had be cast:[1725]
But too much trusting to a tyraunt’s[1726] grace,
I neuer shronke, nor chaunged port or place.

29.

I thought the poet’s auncient libertyes

For pleas had beene allowed at the bar:[1727]
I had forgot how newe found tyrannyes
With truth[1728] and freedom were at open war,
That lust was lawe, that might did make and marre,
That among tyraunts this is[1729] and euer was,[1730]
Sic volo, sic iubeo, stet pro ratione voluntas.

30.

Where lust is[1731] lawe it booteth not to pleade,

No priuelege nor[1732] libertyes avayle:
But with the learnde, whome lawe and wisdome leade,
Although through rashnes poets hap to rayle,
A plea of dotage may all quarels quayle:
Theyr olde licence[1733] theyr writings to expounde,
Doth quit them cleare from faults by Momus founde.

31.

This freedom old ought[1734] not to be debard

From any wight that speaketh ought, or writeth:
The author’s meaning should of right be heard,
He knoweth best to what end he enditeth:
Wordes somtime beare more then the heart behiteth:
Admit therefore the author’s exposition,
If playne, for trueth: if forc’d, for his submission.

32.
In case of slaunder, [the] lawes[1735] requyre no more,
Saue to amend that seemed not well sayde:[1736]
Or to vnsay the slaunder’s sayde afore,
And aske forgiuenes for the hasty brayde:
To heretikes no greater payne is layde,
Then to recant theyr errours, or retract:
And worse then these can be no writer’s acte.

33.

“Yes,” quoth the Cat, “thy rayling words be treason,

And treason is far worse then heresy:”
Then must it follow by this awkewarde[1737] reason,
That kings be more then God in maiesty,
And soules be lesse then bodyes in degree:
For heretikes both soules and God offend,
Traytors but seeke to bring man’s life to end.

34.

I speake not this t’abace[1738] the haynous fault,

Of trayterous actes abhorde by God[1739] and man,
But to make playne theyr iudgement to be naught,
That heresy for lesser sin doe ban:
I curse them both as deepe as any can,
And alway did: yet through my foolish ryme,
They stayned mee with that most hatefull cryme.[1740]

35.

I neuer meant the king or counsayl harme,

Unles to wish them safty were offence:
Agaynst theyr powre I neuer lifted arme,
Nor pen, nor tongue, for any ill pretence:
The ryme I made, though rude, was sound in sence,
For they therein, whom I so fondly named,
So ruled all that they were foule defamed.
 36.

This was no treason, but the very troth,

They ruled all, none could deny the same:
What was the cause then why they were so wroth?
What, is it treason in a ryming frame
To clip, to stretch, to adde, or chaunge a name?
And this reserued, there is no ryme nor reason,
That any craft can clout to seeme a treason.

37.

For where I meant the king by name of hog,

I only alluded to his badge the bore:
To Louel’s name I added more our dog,
Because most dogs haue borne that name of yore:
These metaphors I vsde[1741] with other more,
As cat, and rat, the halfe names of the rest,
To hide the sence that they so wrongly wrest.

38.

I pray you now what treason finde you heare?

Enough, you rubd the gilty on the gaule,
Both sence and names doe note them very neare:
I graunt that was the chiefe cause of my faule,
Yet can you finde therein no treason at all:
There is no worde against the prince, or state,
No harme to them whom all the realme did hate.

39.

But sith the gilty alwayes are suspicious,

And dread the ruin that must sue by reason,
They cannot choose but count theyr counsayle vicious
That note theyr faults, and therefore call it treason:
All grace and goodnes with the lewde is geason:
This is the cause why they good thinges doe wrest,
 Whereas the good take ill things to the best.

40.

And therefore, Baldwine, boldly to the good

Rebuke their fault, so[1742] shalt thou purchase thankes:
As for the bad, thou shalt but moue their[1743] moode,
Though pleasauntly thou touch their naughty prankes:
[1744]

Warne poets all, no wise to[1745] passe the bankes

Of Hellicon, but keepe within the bound:[1746]
So shall their freedome to[1747] no harme redound.
[1748][1749]