The

Physical
Self
JEREMICH G. SERAFICA
 Learning outcomes
At the end of the chapter, you should be able to:
1. Identify the stages of life and explain the physical changes
that occur during each stage
2. Recognize the contributions of genetic and environmental
factors the physical development of the self;
3. Describe factors that affect the body image
4. Examine the impact of culture on body image and self;
and
5. Develop a positive body image
 Online Activity:
ROSENBERG SELF-ESTEEM SCALE
Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-
image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
A 10-item scale that measures global self-worth by
measuring both positive and negative feelings about the
self. The scale is believed to be uni-dimensional. All
items are answered using a 4-point Likert scale format
ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree.
 Online Activity:
Scoring: Strongly Agree (3) Agree (2) Disagree (1)
Strongly Disagree (0)
• On the whole, I am satisfied with myself.
• I feel that I have a number of good qualities.
• I am able to do things as well as most other people.
• I feel that I'm a person of worth, at least on an equal
plane with others.
• I take a positive attitude toward myself.
 Online Activity:
Scoring: Strongly Agree (0) Agree (1) Disagree (2)
Strongly Disagree (3)

• At times I think I am no good at all.

• I feel I do not have much to be proud of.
• I certainly feel useless at times.
• I wish I could have more respect for myself.
• All in all, I am inclined to feel that I am a failure.
 Online Activity:
Verbal Interpretation:

0 – 14 – Low Self Esteem

15 – 25 – Normal Level of Self Esteem
26 – 30 High Level of Self Esteem
What is the level of your Self Esteem?
• The physical self refers to the
body.

• Physical + Internal Organs =

our bodily functions
 The Physical Self
• Our ability to functions gradually changes through
an individual’s aging.
• The body performs least during infancy and old age.
 The Physical Self

• The body peaks in early

adulthood between the ages
of twenty and thirty
• Then slowly declines into the
middle age
 The Physical Self

• Physical development
and growth during
childhood continue at a
slow rate compared to
the rapid rate of growth
in babyhood.
 The Physical Self

• Adolescence begins with

the onset of puberty – this
stage is characterized by
rapid physical changes that
include the maturation of
the reproductive system.
 The Physical Self
1. Prenatal – 6. Puberty – 10 or 12
fertilization to birth to 14 years old
2. Infancy – birth to 2 7. Adolescence – 14 to
weeks of life 18 years old
3. Babyhood – 2 weeks 8. Early Adulthood –
of life to 2nd year 18 to 40 years old
4. Early Childhood – 2 9. Middle Adulthood –
to 6 years old 40 to 60 years old
5. Late Childhood – 6 10. Late Adulthood – 60
to 10 or 12 years old to death
 Two Factors
Affecting Physical
Growth and
Development
HEREDIT Y + ENVIRONMENT
 The Physical Self

Heredity – biological Environment – refers

process of the to the factors an
inheritance of traits individual is exposed
from parents to to throughout life
offspring which includes
learning and
experiences.
The Physical Self

• Hippocrates introduced a theory

based on the prominence of body
fluids – “temperaments”
• The theory suggests that an excess
of or deficiency in any of the four
bodily fluids (or humors): red bile,
black bile, yellow bile, phlegm
• Sanguine, melancholic, choleric,
and phlegmatic
The Physical Self

• Sanguine Type – tend to be

impulsive, cheerful, happy, and
optimistic
• Melancholic Type – sad and
pessimistic
• Choleric Type – easily angry, jumpy
and temperamental
• Phlegmatic Type – sluggish, dull,
and slow
ACTIVITY
• Now, let’s try to check what
temperament do we have! Please
access the link below.
• https://openpsychometrics.org/test
s/O4TS/

• You will have 3 minutes to finish

the questionnaire.

• Afterwards we will have SHARING.

ACTIVITY

• What is your temperament?

• Describe the result and relate it to

yourself.
 William Sheldon’s Body Type
Theory
• Three Body Types (based on physical characteristics)
• Endomorphic – soft and plump – people with this
body type are perceived to be easy going and sociable
• Mesomorphic – strong muscular body – perceived to
be energetic, adventurous, assertive, and courageous;
tend to be competitive and dominant.
• Ectomorphic – tall and thin – people tend to be
restrained, quiet and artistic.
William Sheldon’s Body Type
Theory
 BODY IMAGE

• Refers to how individuals perceive, think,

and feel about their body and physical
appearance.
• Appearance – refers to everything about
a person that others can observe such as
height, weight, skin color, clothes, and
hairstyle.
• Body image is related to our self-esteem
 BODY IMAGE
• Our perception of body image has affect
both physical and psychological well-
being.

• Now, let me ask you, what

other factors affect your body
image?
 What is

Beauty
IS IT IMPORTANT? OR NOT?
 Beauty

• In Egyptian art, beauty is perceived in

women with slim, high waist, narrow hips,
and long black hair.
• In renaissance period, women with a full
figure and rounded hips were considered
beautiful.
• People in Malaysia, Philippines, and
Indonesia used to consider flat noses to
be attractive.
 For you, what do you consider

Beautiful?
THEREFORE, EVERY CULTURE HAS
THEIR OWN CONCEPT OF BEAUT Y
 Beauty

• Beauty has always been considered

important throughout history because
these features indicate youth, health,
good genes, and fertility (Demello, 2014).
• Advertisements, magazines, and
televisions are filled with good looking
faces
• People tend to be influenced by the
beautiful faces and bodies they see in the
media
 Beauty

• Some people change their

physical appearance through
body modification such as
tattooing, piercings, and
cosmetic surgery
 “Outer beauty is a gift.
Inner beauty is an
accomplishment”

- RANDI G. FINE
 Ways to improve our body image
and inner self
• Smile a lot • Avoid temptations
• Take a good care of • Respect individuality
your health
• Self love
• Live a well balanced life
• Dress well and be neat • Be thankful
• Spend some time alone • Pray
to reflect
 Asynchronous Activity: My
Physical Self

Access the drive link below:

https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1-
zSNHdyXlhINsiZFM0ZSJ28zcMF-
ymBK?usp=sharing