O N

T I
N C
F U
LESSON OBJECTIVES :

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to :

1. Define functions and related terms

2. Determine if the given relation represents a function

3. Define piece-wise function; and

4. Represents real-life situations using functions,

including piece-wise functions.
MODULE 1 : ACTIVITY # 1

3
 DEFINITION OF RELATED TERMS

Relation A Relation is a set of ordered pairs.

Example of Relations

1. {(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6), (4, 8)}

2. {(4, 2), (4, -2), (9, 3), (9,3)}

The Domain of a relation is the set of first coordinates.

1. 1 , 2, 3, 4

2. 4 , 4, 9, 9
The Range is the set of second coordinates.
1. 4 , 5, 6, 8

2. 2 , -2, 3, 3
 FUNCTION
• It is a relation define as a set of ordered pairs (x, y )
where no two or more distinct ordered pairs have the
same first element (x).

Example of Functions

1. {(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6), (4, 8)}

2. {(5, 2), (4, -2), (7, 3), (9,3)}

Relation
A relation is a rule that relates
values from a set of values
called a domain to a second
set of values called range.
The elements in the domain
can be imagined s input to a
machine that applies rule to
these inputs to generate one
or more outputs.
Function
A function is a relation where
each element in the domain is
related to only one value in the
range.
The elements in the domain
can be imagined as input to a
machine that applies rule so
that each input corresponds to
only one output.
6
 SET OF ORDERED PAIRS
Examples :

a = {(1, -5), (2, 4), (3, -3), (4, 2)} FUNCTION

b = {(1, 1), (2, -8), (2, -7), (5, 9)} RELATION

c = {(4, -4), (3, 6), (5, -3), (0, 2)} FUNCTION

d = {(1, 5), (2, 5), (3, 5), (4, 5)} FUNCTION

e = {(0, - 1), (0, 1), (0, 2), (0, 3) RELATION

7
 MAPPING DIAGRAM

FUNCTION FUNCTION

8
 TABLE OF VALUES

x y
6 5
2 0 X 1 2 3 4
6 -8
4 2
Y 2 5 10 17
5 -5

FUNCTION
RELATION

9
 FUNCTION
• Every value of x corresponds to a unique value of y.

Function are usually expressed in EQUATION form

FUNCTION NOTATION

“The special notation is f(x), read as f of x or f at x”

f = is the name of the function

x = this is our input
f (x) = y = this is the output
10
 EQUATION
Example#2 :
Example#1 :

f(x) = x+2 x = y2 - 5

x + 5 = y2
f(x) = -2+2
x f(x) =y (-1) + 5 = y2
f(x) = -1+2 -2 0
-1 1 � or ± 2 = y
f(x) = 0+2 0 2
1 3
f(x) = 1+2 2 4
f(x) = 2+2 RELATION
FUNCTION

11
 GRAPH
Vertical Line Test
The vertical line test for a function states that
if each vertical line intersects a graph in the
Cartesian plane at exactly one point, then the
graph illustrates a function.

FUNCTION RELATION RELATION

12
FUNCTION FUNCTION RELATION

13
 What is a piecewise function?

A piecewise function or a compound function is a

function defined by multiple sub-functions, where each
sub functions applies to a certain interval of the main
functions domain.

• It is defined by different
equations or formulas on
corresponding domains.

14
 ₱500 if t≤6
� � = ₱800 if t ≥6 and t≤15
₱800+ ₱50 t −15 if t≥15

A doctor’s fee is based on the length of time.

• Up to 6 minutes costs ₱500
• Over 6 minutes and up to 15 minutes costs ₱800
• Over 15 minutes costs ₱800 plus ₱50 per minute above 15 minutes.
Question:
If you visit for 5 minutes, what is the fee?
If you visit for 12 minutes, what is the fee?

SOLUTION :

1. ₱500 - 5 minutes fall under the first condition on the piecewise

function.

2. ₱800 - 12 minutes fall under the second condition on the

piecewise function.
15
MODULE 1 : ACTIVITY # 1

16
 SET OF ORDERED PAIRS

1. l = {(0,-1), (2,-5), (4,-9), (6,-13)} FUNCTION

2. a = {(a,0), (b,-1), (c,0), (d,-1)} FUNCTION

3. g = {(5,-10), (25,-50), (50, -100)} FUNCTION

4. t = {(-2,0), (-1,1), (0,1), (-2,2)} NOT FUNCTION

17
 x y
x y
-2 -8 2 5

4 -11 2 0
6.
5. -4 -2 2 -8
2 1 2 2
0 0
2 -5

FUNCTION NOT FUNCTION

18
7. 8. 9.

FUNCTION FUNCTION
NOT
FUNCTION

10.
FUNCTION

19
 SYNTHESIS
Summary:
• Relation – is a set of ordered pair of x and y --> (x, y)
• Function [f(x)]– is a relation such that no two ordered pairs have the same
first element
• Domain (D) – set of all x
• Range (R)– set of all y

• The vertical line test for a function states that if each vertical line
intersects a graph in the Cartesian plane at exactly one point, then the
graph illustrates a function.

• Piece wise Function [f(x)]– It is defined by different equations or

formulas on corresponding domains.

20
OUTPUT

Menti.com

Go to www.menti.com

21
 VALUES

“Whenever you're in conflict with someone, there

is one factor
“Whenever you're inthat can
conflict withmake thethere
someone, difference
is one factor that
canbetween damaging
make the difference yourdamaging
between relationship and
your relationship and
deepening it. That factor is attitude.”
deepening it. That factor is attitude.”
– William James
– William James

22