7 Health

Quarter 3 - Module 4
Understanding Common Mental
Disorders, Types, Symptoms,
Prevention and Treatment
Health – Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 4: Understanding Common Mental Disorders, Types, Symptoms,
Prevention and Treatment
First Edition, 2021

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Published by the Department of Education- Region III

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer/ Illustrator/ Layout Artist/ Editor:

Emelyn A. Dionisio
Marry Ann B. Bernardo
Jacklyn F. Buenaventura
Mayel Anne S. Araneta
Khalid J. Mariano
Content Evaluator:
Language Evaluator: Ma. Leah F. Dalangin
Layout Evaluator:
Management Team: Gregorio C. Quinto, Jr.
Rainelda M. Blanco
Agnes R. Bernardo
Marquez T. Cartel
Glenda S. Constantino
Joannarie C. Garcia

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Department of Education--- Schools Division of Bulacan
Office Address: Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan
E-mail address: lrmdsbulacan@deped.gov.ph
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Health
Quarter 3 - Module 4
Understanding Common Mental
Disorders, Types, Symptoms,
Prevention, and Treatment
Introductory Message

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, dear learners, can
continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step
as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM.
This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to
ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the
lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check
your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that
you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teachers are also provided
to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best
help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of
this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercise and tests. Read
the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks
in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

This module is created to cater the needs of understanding common

mental disorders, types, symptoms, prevention and treatment.

At the end of the module, you are expected to;

• recognize triggers and warning signs of common mental health
disorders; and (H7PH-IIIf-h-39)
• discuss the types, signs, symptoms, and prevention, treatment, and
professional care in managing common mental health disorders.
(H7PH-IIIf-h-39)

What I Know
As you go through this learning material, you need to answer the pre-test to check your
prior knowledge and understanding on common mental disorders, types, symptoms,
prevention and treatment. Different activities to assess your understanding of the lesson will
also be provided.

Activity 1 : Defining Disorders!

Directions: Read the following statements carefully. Identify the type of mental health disorder
described in each number. Choose the best answer from the box below. Write
them on the blanks before each number.

anxiety bipolar disorder depression

psychotherapy self-harm suicidal feelings
eating disorder psychosis personality disorder
post traumatic disorder schizophrenia

____________________ 1. Which mental health disorder is manifested when someone

purposely hurt themselves?
__________________ 2. Which mood disorder can result to extreme periods of low
(depressed) and high (manic) mood?
__________________ 3. Which diagnose is given to people who develop a certain set of
symptoms following a traumatic event?
__________________ 4. Which mental disorder is manifested when someone has unhealthy
thoughts, feelings, and behavior around food?
__________________ 5. Which terms pertains to someone who experiences low mood which
lasts for a long time, and which affect their everyday life?

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____________________ 6. Which term pertains when a person perceives the world in a
different way?
____________________ 7. Which mental disorder can affect how a person cope with
day-to-day life and manages relationships, as well as how they
feel and behave?
____________________ 8. Which mental illness that affect the way a person thinks?
____________________ 9. Which term pertains to a normal emotion of feeling stressed,
tense, worried, uneasy or scared?
___________________ 10. Which kind of mental disorder is manifested when
Someone intentionally takes his own life?

Activity 2 : Match me up!

Directions: Match the following mental treatment in Column A by reading each definition
carefully in Column B. Choose your answers and write the letter on the space
provided before each number.

Column A Column B
_____ 1. It includes taking antidepressants, A. medication
anti-anxiety medications and mood
stabilizing medications
_____ 2. It gives the person an opportunity B. psychotherapy
to talk with a mental health provider
about the experiences, ideas,
feelings and thoughts.
_____ 3. It allows the person to stay in a C. hospital and residential
treatment facility for a period of treatment
time.
_____ 4. It is an alternative treatment like D. lifestyle treatment
adapting new healthy lifestyle or
sticking to the plan.
_____ 5. It aims to reduce the symptoms, E. personality disorder
identify causes, and make the
condition of the person
manageable.
F. mental health treatment

What’s In

In your previous lesson, you have learned about the healthful and unhealthful
strategies in coping with stress, and the various stress management techniques that one can
use every day in dealing with stress. It is important to know the different coping strategies to
address the symptoms of stress. Let us now identify if you can still remember some positive
coping techniques.

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Directions: Read the statements below. Put a check mark ( ) if the statement shows a
positive technique in dealing with stress and, a cross-mark ( ) if otherwise.

1. Try to practice meditation and relaxation.

2. Manage your time efficiently.

3. Do not communicate and stay away from your friends.

4. Do not ask for help or support from another person.

5. You need to prioritize self-care.

What’s New
We all need to support each other, especially our family and friends, people who will
listen and guide us. A person may feel less anxious if provided with good guidance and advice.
Being surrounded by people who are caring and understanding improves motivation and
lessens the consequences of trauma and stress.

My Support System!
Directions: List down the names of the person you know can help you.

Who can I call when…

I’m feeling lonely. I need someone to encourage me.

I need someone to talk to.

I need someone to remind me to love

myself.
I need some company.

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 What is It

Common Mental Disorders

What is Mental Health?

Mental health refers to cognitive, behavioral, and emotional well-being. It is all about
how people think, feel, and behave (Felman,2020).

Mental Health Disorder is a condition which affects the way a person thinks or feel.

Types of Mental Disorder (Cherry, 2020)

1. Anxiety is a normal emotion of feeling stressed, tense, worried, uneasy or scared.

2. Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder that causes extreme periods of high and low
moods.
3. Depression is an experience of a low mood for a long time and affects daily life.
4. Eating disorder is having unhealthy thoughts, feelings, and behavior on foods.
5. Personality Disorder affects a person’s daily life, relationship, feelings and behavior.
6. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is when a person develops a certain set of
symptoms after a traumatic event.
7. Psychosis is when a person perceives or views the world in a different way.
8. Schizophrenia is a mental illness that affects the way a person thinks.
9. Self-harm is when someone tries to cope with the intense emotional distress and
purposely hurts themselves.
10. Suicidal feelings is intentionally taking one’s own life.

Identifying Early Warning Signs of Mental Health Issues

The early signs and symptoms of mental health issues may vary depending on the
individual’s circumstances, and other environmental factors. These indicators apply to adults
and some may vary with younger age groups. Sometimes, a person may show not only one
symptom but a combination of different signs, that is why, it is very important to pay attention
to sudden changes in thoughts and behaviors. It should be noted that if a person may
experience or show symptoms, medical consultation from the experts should be considered
to identify the cause of the underlying problem.

According to Alexis (2019) the possible early signs of mental health disorders can
include the following:

• unexplainable feelings of sadness

• confused thinking or reduced ability to concentrate

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 • excessive fears, worries, or extreme feelings of guilt
• extreme mood changes or dramatic highs and lows
• withdrawal from friends and family
• significant tiredness, low energy, or problems sleeping
• delusions (detachment from reality), paranoia, or hallucinations
• inability to cope with daily problems and stress
• trouble understanding or relating to situations and others
• alcohol and/or drug abuse
• major changes in eating habits
• sex drive changes
• excessive anger, hostility, or violence
• suicidal thoughts

Maintaining a positive mental health prevents a person from having mental disorders.
It allows people to recognize their full potential, cope with the stresses of life, work productively
and make meaningful contributions in the society.

How can you maintain a positive mental health?

• keeping a positive attitude
• staying physically active
• helping other people
• getting enough sleep
• eating healthy diet
• asking for professional help with your mental health if you need it
• socializing with people whom you enjoy spending time with
• forming and using effective coping skills to deal with your problems

Mental Health Treatment

According to Holland (2018) Mental Health Treatment aims to reduce the symptoms,
identify causes and make the condition of the person manageable.

The Most Common Mental Health Treatments

1. Medication includes taking antidepressants, anti-anxiety medications and mood

stabilizing medications.
2. Psychotherapy gives the person an opportunity to talk with a mental health provider about
the experiences, ideas, feelings and thoughts.
3. Hospital and Residential Treatment allows the person to stay in a treatment facility for
a period of time.
4. Lifestyle Treatments and Home Remedies are alternative treatment like adapting a new
healthy lifestyle or sticking to your treatment plan. (Holland, 2016)

We must be cautious that if a person is showing signs and are seen for a long period of
time, it is advisable to seek for professional help because medical assistance and treatments
are only given to persons who are diagnosed by medical health care professionals.

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 Every individual must be carefully assessed for individual treatment. Learning about
mental health can help individuals and families understand the significance of symptoms, how
an illness can develop, and what to do to help. Professional and family support can affect the
person’s quality of life, physical health, schoolwork, relationships and development – social,
physical, educational and vocational. Also, remember that those with mental health disorder
deserves care, understanding, healing and fulfillment.

What’s More

Independent Activity 1: Say Yes to Mental Health!

Directions: Read the following questions carefully. Write YES if you agree with the
statement and NO if NOT.

1. Is it important to maintain a healthy mental health?

2. Is there a treatment for mental health disorder?

3. Can a person be physically healthy but mentally ill?

4. Are the treatments the same for various mental illness?

5. Does a person with mental disorder deserve care?

Independent Assessment 1: Scrambled Words

Directions: Read the clues carefully to unscramble the letters. Recognize the types of mental
disorders and write them on the blanks provided below.

1. E S S I O P N E D ____________________ It is an experience of a low mood

for a long time.

2. Y E I A N T X ________________________ It is a normal emotion of feeling

stressed, tense, worried, uneasy or scared.

3. R E D T I A E G N S I R O D ____________________It is having unhealthy

thoughts, feelings, and behavior on foods.

4. H I P H C Z R E N A I S __________________ It is a mental illness that

affects the way a person thinks.

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 5. S S H C O I S P Y _________________ It is when a person perceives or
views the world in a different way.

Independent Activity 2: Warning Signs!

It is important to pay attention to early warning signs of mental health issues. Sudden
changes in thoughts and behavior that last for a long time might be an indication that a person
needs to seek a medical or mental health professional. Remember that only health
professionals can assess and identify if the person is experiencing mental health problems.

Directions: Read each statement carefully. Recognize possible early warning signs of mental
health issues. Box your answers below.

helping other people

major changes in excessive fears, worries,

or extreme feelings of
eating habits
guilt

having delusions, loves to be with friends

paranoia, or and family
hallucinations

relaxed and feeling inability to cope with

happy daily problems and
stress

unexplainable feelings of sadness

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Independent Assessment 2: Think Positive!
Being mentally healthy can prevent or help us combat mental health problems.

Directions: List down five (5) ways on how you can maintain a positive mental health.

1. 2.

3.

4. 5.

Independent Activity 3 : Like it or NOT?!

Coping skills helps a person manage a stressful situation. It improves mood and give
a positive quality of life.

Directions: Circle the LIKE sign if the statement can help you cope up with
stress and DISLIKE if NOT.

1. Always ask for help whenever you need it.

2. Take some time to rest.

3. It is best to forgive and forget.

4.Do not sleep

5.Pull away yourself from others.

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Independent Assessment 3 : Complete the Treatment!
Seeking treatment for mental health problems is vital, always remember that getting
proper treatment can make the condition manageable.

Directions: Read the clues below. Fill in the boxes with the correct letter to identify the
various ways to treat mental disorders.

1.
O S T R T E

2.
E I T

3.
S Y H T E Y

4.
E A A L H T A N

5.
I S T E A M T

1. It allows It allows the person to stay in a treatment facility for a period of time
2. It includes taking antidepressants, anti-anxiety medications and mood stabilizing
medications
3. It gives the person an opportunity to talk with a mental health provider about the
experiences, ideas, feelings, and thoughts.
4. It aims to reduce the symptoms, identify causes and make the condition of the person
manageable.
5. An alternative treatment like adapting a new healthy lifestyle or sticking to your treatment
plan.

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 What I Have Learned
After doing the activities in this module, do you now understand the importance of
taking good care of our mental health? What are the things that you have learned from the
lesson? Write your insights by answering the following questions below.
1. How can you maintain a positive mental health?
2. How can you support a friend or a loved one to continue having a positive outlook
in life?

What I Can Do
Just like your physical health that needs exercise and balance diet, your mental health
also needs attention. Maintaining good mental health needs self-care. List down five (5) self-
care tips that you can do to keep you mentally healthy.

My Self-Care!
5

3
4

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 Assessment
True or False

Directions: Read the statements carefully. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE
if NOT. Write your answers on the space provided before each number.

__________ 1. Doing physical activities helps in maintaining a positive mental health.

__________ 2. Mental health treatment aims to reduce the symptoms, identify causes and
make the condition of the person manageable.
__________ 3. There is no treatment for a person with mental disorder.
__________ 4. Lifestyle tratement is not a common mental treatment.
__________ 5. Being mentally healthy contributes to the productivity and effectiveness in your
eveyday life.
__________ 6. A person with mental disorder does not need care.
__________ 7. Connecting with other people can help you to stay positive.
__________ 8. Harming oneself or others is an early sign of mental disorder.
__________ 9. Depression is an experience of a low mood for a long time.
__________ 10. Schizophrenia is not a mental illness.
__________ 11. Smoking, drinking or using drugs help a person to maintain a positive mental
health.
__________ 12. Maintaning a positive mental health prevents a person from having mental
disorders.
__________ 13. Hospitals and residentials cannot be used as treatment facilities for a person
with mental disorder.
__________ 14. A person with mental disorder needs understanding and healing.
__________ 15. Anti-depressants and anti-anxiety are some medications given to a person
with mental disorder.

Additional Activities
How can you show support to a person showing early warning signs of mental
disorder? Write a word or phrase on how you can help them. Start each word with the letters
from the word MENTAL.

M _________________________
E _________________________
N _________________________
T _________________________
A _________________________
L _________________________

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What I Know
Activity 1 Independent Activity 3
1. Self-harm 1.
2. Bipolar Disorder 2.
3. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder 3.
4. Eating Disorder 4.
5. Depression 5.
6. Psychosis
7. Personality Disorder Independent assessment 3
8. Schizophrenia 1. HOSPITAL TREATMENT
9. Anxiety 2. MEDICATION
10. Suicidal feelings 3. PSYCHOTHERAPY
Activity 2 4. MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT
1. A 5. LIFESTYLE TREATMENT
2. F
3. B Assessment
4. C 1. True
5. E 2. True
What’s In 3. False
1. 4. False
2. 5. True
3. 6. False
4. 7. True
5. 8. True
9. True
Independent Activity 1 10. False
1. Yes 11. False
2. Yes 12. True
3. Yes 13. False
4. No 14. True
5. Yes 15. True
Independent Assessment 1
1. Depression
2. Anxiety
3. Eating Disorder
4. Schizophrenia
5. Psychosis
Independent Activity 2
major changes in eating habits
having delusions, paranoia, or hallucinations
excessive fears, worries or extreme feelings of guilt
unexplainable feelings of sadness
inability to cope with daily problems and stress
Answer Key
 References

Adam Felman, “Medical New Today”, Accessed April 13, 2020,

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/154543

Isaac Alexis, “Vertaba Health”, Updated October 1, 2019, https://vertavahealth.com/addiction-

resources/identifying-mental-health-issues/

Kendra Cherry, “Very Well Mind”, Updated March 19, 2020, https://www.verywellmind.com/a-
list-of-psychological-disorders-2794776

Kimberly Holland, “Healthline”, Accessed September 18, 2018,

https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health

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 For inquiries or feedback, please write:

Department of Education, Schools Division of Bulacan

Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan
Email Address: lrmdsbulacan@deped.gov.ph

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