DEPARTMENT:

DERMAL SCIENCE

GROUP B:
ZAWAHIR
IRAF
HAIDER ALI
HAMMAD
ALEEZA
HADIA
HUSNAIN
MANEEHA
AYESHA
 PROCESS OF
COMMUNICATION
ORAL COMMUNICATION
 Define
Communication is an integral part of our daily
lives, enabling us to connect, share, and
exchange thoughts, ideas, and information
with one another.

Literal Meaning
The word communication is derived from the
Latin word communis means common sense or
j to share the same idea.
Founder of Communication
The name of Wilbur Schramm, an American
researcher in the 20th century(b. 1907-d. 1987), is
often connected with the creation of the general
field of communication studies in the United States
and later globally.
What is Communication?
Communication is the process of exchanging information,
ideas, thoughts, or feelings between individuals or
groups through various channels such as spoken or
written language, body language, gestures, and visual
representations.
It is a fundamental aspect of human interaction
that enables understanding, connection, and the
sharing of knowledge and emotions.
Effective communication is essential for building relationships,
resolving conflicts, and achieving successful outcomes in
various personal, social, and professional settings.
Types of
Communication
THE FIVE TYPES OF COMMUNICATION YOU
NEED TO KNOW:

1. Verbal Communication
2. Nonverbal Communication
3. Written Communication
Visual Communication
Listening Communication
1.Verbal Communication
Verbal communication encompasses all communication using spoken words, or
unspoken words as in the case with sign language. It is important to understand how
to effectively communicate your ideas verbally in order to avoid misunderstandings
and maximize interest while you speak. Make sure to use the right type of language,
speak clearly, know your audience, respond in the best way, and use an appropriate
tone when speaking.

2.NonVerbal Communication
What is actually being said is only half the battle the rest lies in what isn't being said. This
means your tone, facial expressions, body language, hand movements, and eye contact.
When you make yourself aware of what the rest of you is doing as you speak, you can
make corrections and eventually use all the right nonverbal cues to convey your point.

3.Written Communication
Written communication is a form of verbal communication, but it is so different than spoken verbal
communication that this form gets its own separate type. Written communication can take the form of
anything you write or type such as letters, emails, notes, texts, billboards, even a message written in the
sky! With written communication, it is important you know your audience, your purpose, and maintain
consistency throughout your written message.
 Visual Communication
Visual communication is one you may not have heard of, but it is one that complements
the other types of communication well. Visual communication is delivering information,
messages, and points by way of graphical representations, or visual aids. Some commonly
used examples are slide presentations, diagrams, physical models, drawings, and
illustrations. When you use visual communication in addition to verbal, nonverbal, and
written communication, you create a very effective way for your message to be heard and
understood.

Listening Communication
Listening is a surprisingly important part of communication and in order to be a great
communicator, you must master the art of listening. Remember that listening doesn't
just mean hearing, or politely waiting for your turn to speak. When others are
speaking, you should practice active listening, which means that you are engaging your
mind while the person speaks, intently focusing on what they are saying.
 PROCESS OF
COMMUNICATION
The process of communication refers to the
transmission or passage of information or
message from the sender through a selected
channel to the receiver overcoming barriers that
affect its pace.
The process of communication as such must be a
continuous and dynamic interaction, both affecting and being affected by many
variables.
 Steps in the Process of Communication
The process of communication involves the following steps:
Sender
Encoding
Message
Channel
Receiver
Decoding
Feedback
1. Sender
The sender is an individual, group, or organization who initiates the communication. This
source is initially responsible for the success of the message. The sender's experiences,
attitudes, knowledge, skill, perceptions, and culture influence the message. "The written words,
spoken words, and nonverbal language selected are paramount in ensuring the receiver
interprets the message as intended by the sender" (Burnett & Dollar, 1989). All communication
begins with the sender.
 The sender creates a message by thinking of an
idea that he or she would like the receiver to
understand. Typically, the sender sends a message
because he or she has a need to convey
information, feelings and thoughts. The success of
the communication process depends on the
sender’s ability to communicate effectively.
2. Encoding
Encoding of a message refers to the process of
converting information or data into a specific format for
secure transmission or storage. This process ensures
that the original message is transformed into a different
representation, making it difficult for unauthorized
users to understand or manipulate the information.
In summary, message encoding is a diverse and multifaceted
process that adapts to the specific requirements of different
communication systems. It is essential for the accurate and
efficient transmission of information across various mediums
and plays a critical role in ensuring the integrity, confidentiality,
and reliability of communication.
 Message encoding is a crucial aspect of communication,
referring to the process of converting information or
data into a specific format or code for transmission and
storage. This encoding-decoding process ensures that the
message can be accurately and efficiently transmitted
from a sender to a receiver, even in the presence of noise
or other potential disruptions. In the context of
communication systems, encoding plays a pivotal role in
various fields, including telecommunications, computer
science, and information theory
3. Message
In communication, a message refers to the information, ideas, or
emotions that are conveyed from one person to another. The
message is the content that the sender intends to communicate,
and it is received and interpreted by the receiver.
Importance of message:
The message is a crucial component of communication. A well
crafted message helps ensure that the intended meaning is
accurately understood by the receiver. Clear and concise
messages are key to effective communication, as they minimize
misunderstandings and promote clarity.
Remember, that the way we communicate our messages can
greatly impact the outcome of our conversations. So, it's always
important to choose our words wisely.
Key points for effective message
transfer:
1. Be clear and concise: Make sure your
message is easy to understand by using
simple and straightforward language.
2. Use polite and respectful language.
3. Tailor your message to the recipient's
background, knowledge, and communication
style. Use as simple words as possible.
4. Use active listening to understand the
message.
5. Give enough information to help the
recipient understand the purpose and
importance of your message.
4. Channel
The channel refers to the mode or means through which the message is transmitted. It could be face to
face conversation, phone call, email, telephone, email,text message, video call or any other medium.
The choice of channel depends on factors such as the nature of the message, the relationship between
the sender and receiver, and the context of the communication. For example, if you want to express
emotions, a face-to-face conversation would be more effective than a text message.
In the world of communication, a channel plays a vital role in transmitting
messages from one person to another.
One common channel is the verbal channel, where people
engage in face-to-face conversation.
One common channel is the verbal channel, where people engage in face-to-face
conversation.
Another channel is the written channel it can include emails, text messages, or
even letters.
In conclusion, channels are the pathways through which communication flows.
Whether it's the verbal, written, visual, digital, or nonverbal channel, each plays a
unique role in facilitating effective communication. By understanding and utilizing
these channels, we can enhance our ability to connect, share, and understand one
another.
5. Receiver
A receiver is an individual, organization, or device that accepts and receives information or signals
from a transmitter or sender. In various fields like communication, technology, and even psychology,
receivers play a significant role in processing and interpreting information.
Here is a detailed explanation along with examples of
receivers:
1. Communication:
In communication systems, the receiver is responsible for
decoding, processing, and understanding the information or
message sent by the sender. This can be in various forms,
including verbal, written, or nonverbal communication. For
example, when you receive a phone call, your smartphone
acts as the receiver, converting the electrical signals into
sound waves that you can hear.
2. Broadcasting:
In broadcasting, the receiver refers to any device or equipment that receives
broadcast signals, such as televisions or radios. These receivers convert the
broadcast signals into audio and visual content that can be perceived by the
users. For instance, a television set receives signals from a satellite or cable
broadcaster and displays the programs to the viewers.

3. Satellite Communication:
In satellite communication, the receiver is responsible for
receiving signals transmitted from satellites in orbit. For
example, satellite television receivers capture signals
from communication satellites and convert them into
audio and visual content for television viewing.
6. Decoding
Decoding is translating the message into meaning. It means converting a
messageinto thoughts by translating the received stimuli into an interpreted
meaning in order to understand the message communicated. The process of
decoding involves receiving, interpreting and understanding an encoded message.
In other words, decoding involves interpretation and analysis of a message.
In the communication process it is the message that is transferred, as
meaning cannot be transferred from one person to another. The receiver has
to assign meaning toa message in order to understand it. The receiver must
decode the message in order to understandit. Only when the receiver
understands the meaning intended by the sender, communication take place.
The receiver does this by interpreting the information sent by the sender.
Decoding in written communication refers to reading and understanding a
written message. On the other hand, in oral communication, decoding includes
listening and understanding.
The decoding of a message is how an audience member is
able to understand, and interpret the message. It is a
process of interpretation and translation of coded
information into a comprehensible form. The audience is
trying to reconstruct the idea by giving meanings to
symbols and by interpreting messages as a whole.

Decoders are used when we need to input data to a specific output

line. The most common application of this is in addressing core
memory in a computer, where we have a specified memory location to
store the input data. They are used in code conversions like binary to
decimal, like the 2 to 4 decoder.
7. FeedBack
Feedback in communication is the response given by the individual receiving information.
This can be verbal or nonverbal cues such as head nodding and body language. It can also
be more forward, involving specific thoughts or pushback on what one party has said.
Concept:-
The reactions of the receivers in response to stimulus - message.
• The response may be verbal or non verbal.
• Favorable or unfavorable.
• Feedback gives an idea to the sender that how effectively he has communicated.
Example of positive feedback:
Well done on that task! ...
Example of negative feedback:
You were way too late with your part of the work and it was filled with mistakes.!
 problems in getting feedback:
1. Limitation of the channel.
2. Shyness of the receiver.
3. Discouragement by the communicator.
4. Socio economic barriers.
5. Untimely message.
6. Language and cultural barriers.
What Do You Guys Understand From
This Today?

“Learn from yesterday, live for today, hope for

tomorrow.”
Thank
You!