A MINOR PROJECT REPORT ON

Sales Analysis and Forecasting

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the
degree of

BACHELOR OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

to
Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi

Under the Guidance of:- Submitted

Ms. Shweta Sharma by:-
Dhruv Rai
(Associate Professor)
BCA-V sem
CS/IT Department
35324002021

Session 2021-2024

TRINITY INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES

(Affiliated to Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi) Ranked “A+” Institution by
SFRC, Govt. of NCT of India Recognized under section 2(f) of the UGC Act, 1956
NAAC Accredited “B++” Grade Institution

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 CONTENTS
. Topic .

. CERTIFICATE(S)
. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
. LIST OF TABLES
. LIST OF FIGURES
. INDEX- DASBOARD SCREENSHOTS
. CHAPTER-1: INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER-2: POWER-BI

CHAPTER-3: SYSTEM REQUIREMENT

. ANALYSIS
. CHAPTER-4: SYSTEM FEASIBILITY
STUDY
. CHAPTER-5: SYSTEM DESIGN
. CHAPTER-6 (SCREENSHOTS OF DATA)
. CHAPTER-7 (SCREENSHOTS OF DATA)
. CHAPTER-8(SCREENSHOTS OF
FORECASTING RESULT)
CHAPTER-9: FUTURE SCOPE

REFERENCES

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 TRINITY INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
(Affiliated to Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi) Ranked “A+” Institution
by SFRC, Govt. of NCT of India Recognized under section 2(f) of the UGC Act, 1956
NAAC Accredited “B++” Grade Institution

To Whom It May Concern

I, Dhruv Rai, Enrolment No.35324002021from BCA-V Sem of the Trinity Institute of

Professional Studies, Delhi hereby declare that the Minor Project Report entitled Sales
Analysis and Forecasting at Trinity Institute of Professional Studies is an original work
and the same has not been submitted to any other Institute for the award of any other
degree.

Date: Signature of the Student

Certified that the Project Report submitted in partial fulfillment of Bachelor of Computer
Applications (BCA) to be awarded by G.G.S.I.P. University, Delhi by Dhruv Rai,
Enrolment No. 35324002021 has been completed under my guidance and is Satisfactory.

Date:

Signature of the Guide Name of the Guide: Designation

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 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my Project

supervisor Ms. Shweta Sharma who devotes her precious time to interact,
guide and give me the golden opportunity to do this wonderful project on
the topic Sales Analysis and Forecasting, which also helped me in doing a
lot of Research and I came to know about so many new things.
I am really thankful to her.

Secondly, I would also like to thank my parents and friends who helpedme
a lot in finishing this project within the limited time.

I made this project not only for marks but to also increase my knowledge.

Dhruv Rai
35324002021
BCA V-Sem (2nd Shift)

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 LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE
1 ER DIAGRAM
.
2 0-LEVEL DFD
.
3 1-LEVEL DFD
.

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 CHAPTER-1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 INTRODUCTION

In this project, we embark on a journey to unravel the insights hidden within the vast
ocean of sales data. Our goal is to empower you with a comprehensive tool that not only
visualizes historical sales trends but also peeks into the future with a 15-day forecasting
feature.

In today's fast-paced business environment, making informed decisions is crucial, and

that's where our dashboard steps in. By leveraging the robust capabilities of Power BI,
we have transformed raw sales data into a dynamic and interactive visualization that not
only tells the story of your Super Store's past performance but also provides a glimpse
into what lies ahead.

The heart of our project lies in the intricate analysis of sales patterns, customer
behaviors, and product trends. Through visually compelling charts, graphs, and
interactive elements, you'll be able to navigate through the data landscape effortlessly.
Furthermore, our forecasting feature adds a predictive layer to the dashboard, allowing
you to plan ahead with confidence.

Join us on this analytical journey as we explore the past, present, and future of your
Super Store's sales. Whether you're a business owner seeking strategic insights or a data
enthusiast eager to delve into the intricacies of forecasting, our Power BI dashboard is
designed to cater to your needs. Let the data-driven decisions begin!

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1.2. OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

To contribute to the success of a business by utilizing data analysis techniques,

specifically focusing on time series analysis, to provide valuable insights and accurate
sales forecasting.

The primary objective of this project is to contribute significantly to the success and strategic
decision-making of the superstore by harnessing the power of data analysis. Specifically, the
project aims to:

1. Uncover Insights: Utilize data analysis techniques to uncover actionable insights from
historical sales data, identifying patterns, trends, and key performance indicators that
can inform business strategies.

2. Enhance Decision-Making: Empower stakeholders with a user-friendly Power BI

dashboard that provides a holistic view of sales performance, enabling informed and
timely decision-making.

3. Implement Time Series Analysis: Apply advanced time series analysis methods to the
sales data, allowing for a more nuanced understanding of seasonality, trends, and
potential future patterns.

4. Forecast Sales: Develop a robust 15-day sales forecasting model using Power BI,
offering a forward-looking perspective to aid in inventory management, resource
allocation, and overall business planning.

5. Optimize Operations: Enable the superstore to optimize its operations by anticipating

demand fluctuations and aligning resources efficiently based on forecasted sales.

6. Improve Competitiveness: Provide the superstore with a competitive edge by fostering

a data-driven culture that adapts swiftly to market changes and customer preferences.

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 CHAPTER-2 POWER-BI
Data visualization helps you turn all that granular data into easily understood, visually
compelling—and useful—business information. By tapping into external data sources,
today’s data visualization tools don’t simply let you see your KPIs more clearly, they
unify data and apply AI-driven analytics to reveal relationships between your KPIs, the
market, and the world.

Power BI is a cloud-based business analytics service from Microsoft that enables

anyone to visualize and analyze data, with better speed and efficiency. It is a powerful
as well as a flexible BI tool for connecting with and analyzing a wide variety of data.
Many businesses even consider it indispensable for data-science-related work. Power
BI’s ease of use comes from the fact that it has a drag and drop interface. This feature
helps to perform tasks like sorting, comparing and analyzing, very easily and fast.
Power BI is also compatible with multiple sources, including Excel, SQL Server, and
cloud-based data repositories which makes it an excellent choice for Data Scientists.

Power BI is a free application that can be downloaded and installed on the system. It
can be connected to multiple data sources. Usually, an analysis work begins in Power
BI Desktop where report creation takes place. The report is then published to Power BI
service from where it can be shared to the Power BI Mobile apps so that people can
view the reports even on mobiles.

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 Installation
Power BI only runs on Windows Machines. Mac users could spin up a Windows VM in
Azure and load Power BI onto that or use Turbo.net, which can stream Power BI to the
Mac directly from the cloud.

Power BI can be used in two ways:

• As an app from the Microsoft store and just sign in to get started. This is the
online version of the tool.
• Download the software locally and then install it. Make sure you read all the
installation instructions.
Depending upon the choice of product, download the software on to the computer. After
accepting the license agreement, verify the installation by clicking the Power BI
Icon/App. If the following screen appears, you are good to go.

4. Getting Started
Let us now get an idea about working with Power BI Desktop. In this section, we shall
explore it a bit to get accustomed to its interface.

Power BI Workspace
The image below highlights the major components of the workspace of Power BI.

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 Basic Views

• Report View: This is the main view where the Dashboard is created.
• Data View: The data view gives a preview of the entire data.

• Relationship View: The relationship view displays the relationship between

various objects.
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 Connecting to a Data Source
Power BI can be connected to several data sources. The Get Data icon displays all the
possible available options from where data can be imported into Power BI.

• Excel data
Let’s connect to an Excel data source. The workbooks consist of some fake financial
data. Download the file from here. Power BI Desktop loads the workbook and reads its
contents, and shows you the data in the file using the Navigator window.

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Once loaded, the data can be viewed in the Fields pane.

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• Web
You can also use the data from the web. Here is a dataset which presents the best and
the worst states for retirement in the U.S.

link: https://www.bankrate.com/retirement/best-and-worst-states-for-retirement/

Simply select Web as an option in Get Data and enter the name of the url.

Try experimenting with other data sources too.

5. Transforming Data
After the data has been loaded, it becomes visible under the Fields Tab. From here, we
can modify our datasets with the help of Query Editor. Query editor can be used for
modifying datasets irrespective of their data source. We can do manipulations like
renaming a dataset, removing a single or multiple columns, etc. in the query editor. The
Query Editor can be accessed by clicking the Edit Queries button on the Home Ribbon.

Creating a Custom Column

Using the same Financial data, that we used above, let’s shape data to meet our needs.
Let’s create a custom column called New Manufacturing Price, which is equal to:

([manufacturing Price])*3

OpenAI

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Changing Column Data Types
The data types of the columns can also be changed easily. The Units Sold column has a
floating point data type which can be adjusted to a whole number.

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Removing Columns
Removing columns is also easy. Simply select the column to be selected and choose
the Remove Columns option, as shown in the following figure. Let’s get rid of
the Discount column as it is adding no value to our dataset.

Similarly, there are other multitudes of functions that can be carried out like removing
and adding rows, transpose, pivot and split which can be easily achieved through the
query editor. Note that all the steps that you undertake to transform your data also
appears in the Query Settings panel.

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6. Reports
Reports are a collection of visualizations that can be created on one or more pages.
These visualizations are usually related to one another.

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 7. Dashboard
A dashboard is a collection of several views, enabling one to compare a variety of data
simultaneously. Whereas the report can encompass various pages, a Dashboard is a
single page interface.

Creating a Dashboard
Once we have the dataset ready with all the manipulations done, we can proceed for the
Dashboard creation process. A Power BI dashboard, also known as canvas, consists of
many visualizations on a single page which helps to tell a story. These visualizations
called tiles are pinned to the dashboard from the reports.

Let’s now try to understand what insights we can get using superstore data set:-

• Sales by Country

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 Sales and Profit by Segment

• Sales & Profit by Month

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Sales by Product

Profit by Discount Band

The Dashboard created is interactive which means a change in one tile affects the other.

15 Best Power BI Charts Types and Visual Lists

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After understanding Power BI and how it helps organizations generate
insights from data and make data-driven business decisions. In this section
let’s have a look at some of the most commonly used Power BI Charts and
Visuals that helps in visualizing data. Some best Power BI Charts are listed
below:

1) Line Charts

Image Source

Line Charts are one of the most commonly used Power BI Charts. It plots the
data values and connects the data points with a line to keep all the points in a
series. These are widely used to depict the data over a period that can be days,
months, duration, and trends in the data. Each dot plotted on the Line Chart is
a unique data value and connects the previous and next data point with a
straight line.

2) Bar Charts

Image Source

Bar Charts are a perfect Power BI Chart that allows users to display the
absolute value of the data. The axis of the Bar Chart or sometimes called a
horizontal Chart can be used to display the positive and negative values on the
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opposite sides of the axis. The data values are in the form of solid bars with
the length extending to the data point on the chart.

3) Area Charts

Image Source

The Area Chart is similar to the Line Chart, including the area between the
line plotted and the axis is filled in. This Power BI Chart corresponds to the
total value across the trend line or the magnitude of change that occurred in
data.

Area Charts can have multiple areas (Stacked), and the overlap depicts the
change in two graphs. For example – evaluating the sales in the current year
with the previous year.

4) Columns Charts

Image Source

Column Charts are the Power BI Charts that are similar to Bar Charts. The
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only difference between these Power BI Charts is that the Column Chart
divides the data of the same category into clusters and then allows users to
compare data within the clusters. Moreover, users can choose to compare data
points from other clusters.

5) Cards

Image Source

Power BI offers Multi-row and Single number cards that are used to provide a
piece of specific information. This can include an aggregated number of the
data values, the calculated number using custom formulas, total number, avg,
sum, etc.

A Single number card displays a single fact that users can track easily such as
total orders completed today, total market share, etc. These cards are placed as
a tile on the dashboards.

6) Combo Charts

Image Source

The Combo Chart is a special Power BI Chart that includes both the column
Chart and a line chart. The combination of both the Power BI Charts lets users
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 compare data points and evaluate them easily. Some of the best use cases of
Combo Charts are listed below:

• For depicting the correlation between the 2 measures in one visual chart.
• For comparing and checking whether one measure meets its target with
respect to the other plotted measure on the Combo Chart.
• To conserve the canvas space on the dashboard.
• Using the Combo Chart you have a Line Chart and a Column Chart with the
same X-axis.

7) Pie Charts

Image Source

Pie Charts show the relationship of parts to a whole. These are the circular
Charts that show the statical data using segments or divisions of a circle. Each
portion of a Pie Chart corresponds to the percentage of that part and the sum
of all the parts should always be 100%.

Pie Charts allow users to plot the same category of data and each slice of the
Pie Chart shows the corresponding data point in number or percentage. These
are best suited for plotting categorical data such as market share, proportional
data, etc.

8) Doughnut Charts

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Image Source

Power BI Charts allow users to show data that has many categories using the
Doughnut Chart. It is almost similar to the Pie Charts, the only difference is
its blank from the center taking a shape of a doughnut, and provides space to
label the categorical data with their percentage share. Remaining all the
properties of the Doughnut Chart are the same as the Pie Chart.

9) Decomposition Tree

Image Source

Decomposition tree is one of the unique and advanced Power BI Charts that
allows users to visualize the data across multiple dimensions with ease. Using
this Power BI Chart type, one can easily drill down into the data and get
interactive insights.

Moreover Power BI features Artificial Intelligence in the Decomposition tree

that helps users to understand data more easily and enables them to drill down
to the next dimension of the data based on specific criteria. Decomposition
trees help users perform ad-hoc analysis on data.

10) Funnel Charts

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 Image Source

Funnels are more inclined to be used in Marketing and Sales that comprise a
process that has stages and needs to evaluate how the process or model works
on refining or filtering the targets. Funnel Charts help in visualizing the data
points flowing sequentially from one stage to the next one.

One of the most common use cases of this Power BI Chart is for Sales funnels
where the Funnel Chart starts with leads and ends with order completion or
purchase fulfillment.

11) KPIs

Image Source

KPI stands for Key Performance Indicator is a visual sign or indicator for the
amount the progress made towards a measurable goal or performance of an
activity or organization.

Power BI Charts and Visuals allow users to use KPI as a tile on Dashboards
and enable them to have a quick glance at an important data point. Some of
the best use of KPI are listed below:

• To determine the distance or goal from a specified target.

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• To determine the progress of an activity.

12) Gauge Charts

Gauge Chart is another Power BI Chart and Visuals that help users measure
the progress of activity towards a goal just as similar to KPIs. It has a circular
arc that displays a single value to measure the progress, just like a
speedometer in vehicles shows speed.

The shaded region of the Gauge Chart shows the achieved progress and the
target goal is represented by the needle or the line. It also has more space to it
so that users can know the progress after achieving the target and move to the
next one.

13) Waterfall Charts

The Waterfall Chart is a unique Power BI Chart that shows the series of
increasing and decreasing values or data continuously to reach the final or
total value. This allows users to understand better how the final value is
achieved by exploring each data point.

Gauge Charts contain columns where the series of data points are in the same
color and the column for the final value is in another color to differentiate.

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 Some of the best use cases of Waterfall Charts are listed below:

• For auditing the changes that contribute to the total value.

• For illustrating the stating and ending headcount for the company for a
specific period.
• Calculating total profit or loss by showing various sources.

14) Maps

Adding Maps to the Power BI Chart types and Visual lists, allow users to
integrate Maps in their Reporting. Power BI offers various kinds of Maps that
are connected with Bing Maps. The different Maps that Power BI supports are
listed below:

• Basic Map
• ArcGIS Map
• Azure Map
• Filled Map (Choropleth)
• Shape Map

15) Matrix

The Matrix is a table visual that supports a stepped layout. The tables are
unable to provide information for more than two dimensions but Matrix
makes it easier to display data across multiple dimensions. Users can drill
down based on different criteria such as rows and columns and cross-highlight
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 Power BI Architecture

Power BI architecture is a service built on top of Azure. There are multiple data sources
that Power BI can connect to. Power BI Desktop allows you to create reports and data
visualizations on the dataset. Power BI gateway is connected to on-premise data sources
to get continuous data for reporting and analytics. Power BI services refer to the cloud
services that are used to publish Power BI reports and data visualizations. Using Power
BI mobile apps, you can stay connected to their data from anywhere. Power BI apps are
available for Windows, iOS, and Android platforms.

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 CHAPTER-3:
SYSTEM REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS

3.1 SYSTEM ANALYSIS

The system analysis component of this report delves into the structure and functionality
of the Power BI dashboard. Through a meticulous examination of the project, key
elements and processes involved in the creation of the dashboard and forecasting model
are highlighted. The analysis encompasses the following key aspects:

Data Integration: The project begins with the extraction and integration of diverse data
sets related to super store sales. This includes customer information, product details,
and historical sales data, all of which are amalgamated to form a cohesive dataset for
analysis.

Visualization Design: The Power BI dashboard is crafted with a focus on intuitive and
insightful data visualization. Graphs, charts, and tables are strategically employed to
communicate trends, patterns, and outliers in the sales data effectively. The design
ensures that stakeholders can quickly grasp the key insights without getting lost in the
details.

Forecasting Model: A critical aspect of the project is the implementation of a

forecasting model to predict sales for the next 15 days. Leveraging advanced analytics
and machine learning capabilities within Power BI, the model takes historical sales data
into account, identifying patterns and seasonality to generate accurate predictions.

Interactivity: The dashboard is designed to be interactive, allowing users to explore

and analyze data dynamically. Filters, slicers, and drill-through options empower users
to tailor their analysis based on specific criteria, enhancing the overall usability of the
system.

User Accessibility: The system analysis also considers the end-users and their
accessibility to the dashboard. Whether it's executives, managers, or analysts, the design
ensures that stakeholders at various levels can derive meaningful insights from the data
with ease.

3.2 THE EXISTING SYSTEM

In the realm of data analytics and business intelligence, the existing system for
superstore sale analysis often faces challenges in providing real-time insights and
accurate forecasting. Traditional methods may rely on static reports, making it difficult
for decision-makers to adapt to the dynamic nature of the market. The need for a more
advanced and responsive system becomes evident as businesses strive to stay
competitive in today's fast-paced environment.

The shortcomings of conventional systems include limited interactivity, delayed data

processing, and a lack of predictive capabilities. Stakeholders often find it challenging
to extract actionable insights swiftly, hindering their ability to make informed decisions
promptly. In the absence of robust forecasting mechanisms, businesses may struggle to
anticipate trends and plan effectively for the future.
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Recognizing these limitations, the implementation of Power BI emerges as a
transformative solution. By leveraging the power of this business intelligence tool, the
existing system can undergo a paradigm shift towards enhanced visualization,
interactivity, and predictive analytics. The introduction of a 15-day forecasting model
further empowers stakeholders with the ability to proactively address market trends,
optimize inventory management, and ultimately improve overall business efficiency.

This section will delve deeper into the inadequacies of the current system, laying the
groundwork for understanding the necessity and impact of the proposed Power BI-
based solution and its forecasting capabilities in the subsequent sections of the report.

3.3 PROPOSED SYSTEM

The proposed system goes beyond traditional analysis by combining historical insights with a
forward-looking approach. By harnessing the capabilities of Power BI, the project aims to
empower stakeholders with actionable intelligence, fostering a proactive and strategic approach
to Super Store sales management. The 15-day forecasting module serves as a valuable tool for
anticipating trends and making timely decisions, contributing to the overall efficiency and
success

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3.4 TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

FRONT END:

Power-Bi
Power BI is a business analytics service provided by Microsoft that lets you visualize
your data and share insights. It converts data from different sources to build
interactive dashboards and Business Intelligence reports.

As you see above, we have some sales data in an excel sheet. Using this data, Power BI
helps you build different charts and graphs to visualize the data.

Now that you have learned what is Power BI, let us now understand why Power BI is
required.

HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:

SOFTWARE:

Front End POWER-BI

Language:
Back End / MS-EXCEL
Database:
Operating System Windows 10

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Table No-1: Software Requirement
HARDWARE:

Opera Windows 10
ting
Syste
m
Proce Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-10300H CPU @
ssor 2.50GHz 2.50
GHz
RAM 8.00 GB
Storag 512GB SSD
e

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 CHAPTER-4: SYSTEM FEASIBILITY STUDY

4.1 FEASIBILITY STUDY:

A feasibility study in data analysis is a systematic and comprehensive assessment of the

viability, practicality, and potential success of a proposed data analysis project. It is
conducted to determine whether it makes sense for an organization to invest time,
resources, and effort in utilizing data analysis techniques to extract meaningful insights
from its data. The primary purpose of a feasibility study in data analysis is to inform
decision-makers about the benefits, challenges, and risks associated with implementing
a data-driven approach.

4.1.1 Technical Feasibility:

Technical feasibility in the context of data analysis refers to the assessment of whether
the proposed data analysis project can be successfully implemented from a technical
perspective. It involves evaluating the availability of the necessary technology,
infrastructure, and tools required to carry out the data analysis tasks effectively.

4.1.2 Financial Feasibility:

Financial feasibility is a crucial aspect of determining the viability of a data analysis
project. It involves assessing the costs associated with implementing and maintaining
the project against the anticipated financial benefits. Here are key considerations within
the financial feasibility analysis for a data analysis project:

• Cost Estimation:
Hardware Costs: Evaluate the cost of acquiring or upgrading hardware
infrastructure, such as servers and storage, to handle the increased data
processing demands.

• Software Costs: Identify and estimate the expenses related to procuring data
analysis tools, visualization software, and any other necessary applications.

• Training Costs: Consider the costs associated with training staff on new data
analysis tools and techniques.

• Personnel Costs: Estimate the expenses related to hiring or allocating existing

staff for the data analysis team.

2. Benefit Estimation:

Operational Efficiency: Determine the potential efficiency gains through data-driven

decision-making, leading to cost savings in operations.

Revenue Generation: Assess the potential for increased revenue through improved
customer insights, targeted marketing, and enhanced product/service offerings.
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Competitive Advantage: Consider the competitive edge gained by leveraging data for
strategic decision-making and staying ahead in the market.

3. Return on Investment (ROI):

Calculate the projected ROI by comparing the total anticipated benefits against the total
costs over a specified period.

Define the payback period – the time it takes for the organization to recoup its initial
investment through the generated benefits.

4. Sensitivity Analysis:
Identify key variables that could impact the financial feasibility, such as changes in data
volume, technology costs, or market conditions.

Conduct sensitivity analysis to understand how variations in these variables might affect
the overall financial picture.

5. Risk Assessment:
Evaluate financial risks associated with the project, such as cost overruns, unforeseen
expenses, or delays in implementation.

Develop contingency plans and budget reserves to mitigate potential financial risks.

6. Cost-Benefit Analysis:
Present a detailed cost-benefit analysis that compares the financial costs against the
expected benefits.

Include both quantitative and qualitative factors in the analysis to provide a

comprehensive view.

7. Funding Sources:
Identify potential sources of funding for the project, whether it be internal budgets,
external grants, or a combination of both.

4.1.2 Operational Feasibility:

Operational feasibility, in the context of data analysis, assesses whether the proposed
data analysis project can be effectively integrated into the existing operations and
processes of an organization. It focuses on evaluating whether the organization has the
capability to implement and sustain the data analysis initiative without significant
disruption or challenges. Here are key aspects to consider when assessing operational
feasibility in the context of data analysis:
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1. Integration with Existing Systems:
- Determine how seamlessly the data analysis project can integrate with the current
information systems and databases within the organization.
- Assess the compatibility of data analysis tools and technologies with existing
software and infrastructure.

2. User Acceptance:
- Evaluate the willingness and readiness of end-users (employees, stakeholders) to
embrace data-driven decision-making.
- Consider providing training programs to ensure that users can effectively utilize the
new data analysis tools and interpret the results.

3. Data Collection and Processing:

- Analyze the feasibility of collecting and processing the required data for analysis.
Ensure that data sources are accessible, reliable, and well-organized.
- Consider the potential impact on existing data collection processes and assess the
efficiency of data processing workflows.

4. Scalability:
- Determine whether the proposed data analysis solution is scalable to accommodate
increasing data volumes and evolving business needs.
- Assess whether the infrastructure and tools can handle the growth in data and
analysis complexity over time.

5. Resource Availability:
- Evaluate the availability of skilled personnel, both in terms of data analysts and IT
professionals, required for the successful implementation and maintenance of the data
analysis project.
- Consider the availability of budgetary resources for acquiring and maintaining the
necessary hardware and software.

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6. Change Management:
- Assess the impact of the data analysis project on existing business processes and
workflows.
- Develop a change management plan to address any resistance to change and ensure a
smooth transition to a more data-centric operational environment.

7. Regulatory Compliance:
- Ensure that the data analysis project complies with relevant data protection and
privacy regulations.
- Evaluate the impact of the project on compliance with industry-specific standards
and regulations.

8. Operational Efficiency:
- Consider how the data analysis project will enhance operational efficiency by
streamlining processes, reducing manual efforts, and improving decision-making.

9. Maintenance and Support:

- Assess the long-term sustainability of the data analysis project by evaluating the
availability of support, updates, and maintenance services for the chosen tools and
technologies.

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METHODOLOGY

Agile model believes that every project needs to be handled differently and the existing
methods need to be tailored to best suit the project requirements. In Agile, the tasks are
divided to time boxes (small time frames) to deliver specific features for a release.

Here is a graphical illustration of the Agile Model −

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 MODULES

The Modules that we created for our project are:-

⚫ Interactive Dashboard
An interactive dashboard is a business data management tool that allows
users to interact with data by tracking, analyzing, monitoring, and
displaying key business metrics.

⚫ Year-Wise Analysis
This module will on a more in depth display different Years of Insights
from Data

⚫ Profits Annually
This module will help us to find the Profit of Particular product and Sub-
products

⚫ Percentage of Payment mode

This module will help us to find the majority of people preferences of
payment which we can use for our store for more profits

⚫ Forecast for 15 Days

This module will help us to focus on particular day and particular product
so that we can grow more by selling our product more

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 CHAPTER-5 SYSTEM DESIGN

5.1 SYSTEM DESIGN

System design is the solution for the creation of a new system. This phase
focuses on the detailed implementation of the feasible system. It emphasis on
translating design specifications to performance specification.

There are 2 forms of system designs used in this project:-

i) ER Diagram
An Entity Relationship (ER) Diagram is a type of flowchart that illustrates how
“entities” such as people, objects or concepts relate to each other within a system. ER
Diagrams are most often used to design or debug relational databases in the fields of
software engineering, business information systems, education and research. Also
known as ERDs or ER Models, they use a defined set of symbols such as rectangles,
diamonds, ovals and connecting lines to depict the interconnectedness of entities,
relationships and their attributes. They mirror grammatical structure, with entities as
nouns and relationships as verbs

ii) DFD- Data Flow Diagram

DFD is the abbreviation for Data Flow Diagram. The flow of data of a system or a
process is represented by DFD. It also gives insight into the inputs and outputs of each
entity and the process itself. DFD does not have control flow and no loops or decision
rules are present. Specific operations depending on the type of data can be explained by
a flowchart.

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5.2 ER DIAGRAM

Figure No-1 : ER Diagram

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DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

Figure No-2: Level 0 DFD

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Figure No-3: Level 1 DFD

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 CHAPTER-6
DATA FOR ANALYSIS IN EXCEL

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ANSWERS TO BE COVERED

1)Find the Average Delivery Days?

2)Find the Profit of August Month In 2019 and 2020 Both Year?

3)Find the Lowest Sales & Highest Sales In 2019 and 2020?

4)Find the Most Ordered Product?

5)Which is the most preferred payment mode used by customers?

6)Find the Profits of August Months On the basis of South Region of Country?

7)Create the Dashboard on the basis of all region (south, central, east and west) of the
country?

8) Forecast for 15-Days

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 CHAPTER-7:
Answers and Screenshots

Main Dashboard

1)Find the Average Delivery Days?

Average Days of Delivery is 4 Days

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 2)Find the Profit of August Month In 2019 and 2020 Both Year?
Profit of 2019 : 2,062.07
Profit of 2020: 9,040.96

3)Find the Lowest Sales & Highest Sales In 2019 and 2020?

A) Lowest sales: January

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B) Highest Sales: September

4)Find the Most Ordered Product?

The Most ordered product : Phone

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5)Which is the most preferred payment mode used by customers?

Preferred Mode : COD(cash on Delivery)

6)Find the Profits of August Month On the basis of South Region of

Country?

Profits of August Month On the basis of South Region of Country

:August

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7)Create the Dashboard on the basis of all region (south, central, east
and west) of the country?

(South-Region)

(Central-Region)

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(West-Region)

(East Region)

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8) Forecast for 15-Days

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 CHAPTER-8
SCEENSHOTS OF FORECAST DATA

AVERAGE ORDER FROM 1-JAN 2021 TO 14-JAN 2021

AVERAGE ORDER=5,304

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CHAPTER-9: FUTURE SCOPE

IMPROVEMENTS THAT CAN BE DONE:

Improving a superstore sales dashboard involves enhancing its functionality, usability,
and ability to provide meaningful insights. Here are several improvements that can be
implemented in a superstore sales dashboard for more effective data analysis:
Interactive

Data Visualization:
Implement interactive charts, graphs, and maps that allow users to drill down into
specific regions, product categories, or time periods.
Enable users to hover over data points to see detailed information and trends.

Real-time Updates:
Integrate real-time data feeds to provide up-to-the-minute insights into sales
performance.
Include options for users to toggle between real-time and historical data.

Predictive Analytics:
Incorporate predictive analytics to forecast future sales trends based on historical data.
Display predicted sales alongside actual sales to aid in decision-making.

Customizable Dashboards:
Allow users to customize their dashboards to focus on key metrics relevant to their roles
or departments.
Provide drag-and-drop functionality for easy rearrangement of visual elements.

Cross-Functional Analysis:
Enable users to analyze sales data across multiple dimensions, such as geography,
product categories, and customer segments.
Implement features that facilitate cross-functional collaboration and analysis.

Customer Segmentation:
Introduce customer segmentation analysis to identify and target specific customer
groups.
Provide insights into customer purchasing behavior and preferences.

Mobile Responsiveness:
Ensure the dashboard is responsive to different screen sizes, making it accessible and
functional on mobile devices.
Optimize the user interface for a seamless mobile experience.

Drill-Down Capabilities:
Enhance drill-down capabilities to allow users to explore deeper layers of data.
Implement hierarchical views that enable users to navigate from an overview to detailed
insights.

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Integration with External Data Sources:
Integrate data from external sources, such as market trends, economic indicators, or
social media, to provide a broader context for sales analysis.
Explore partnerships with relevant data providers to enhance the richness of the
dashboard.

Alerts and Notifications:

Implement automated alerts for significant changes in sales metrics or anomalies.
Allow users to set custom thresholds for alerts to proactively manage exceptions.

User Training and Documentation:

Provide comprehensive training resources and documentation to help users maximize
the dashboard's potential.
Include tooltips or a help center within the dashboard for on-the-go assistance.

Data Quality Monitoring:

Implement data quality checks to identify and address issues with data accuracy and
completeness.
Integrate data profiling tools to ensure data integrity over time.

Feedback Mechanism:
Include a feedback mechanism for users to report issues or suggest improvements
directly within the dashboard.

Regularly update the dashboard based on user feedback and evolving business needs.
By incorporating these improvements, a superstore sales dashboard can become a more
powerful tool for decision-makers, offering enhanced insights and a better user
experience.

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9.1 OVERALL CONCLUSION:
The Superstore Sale Dashboard represents a significant step towards fostering a data-driven
culture within the organization. The amalgamation of yearly profit, monthly sales, and product-
wise insights positions the superstore to adapt to market dynamics, capitalize on opportunities,
and continuously refine strategies for sustained success. The dashboard serves not only as a
reporting tool but as a catalyst for informed decision-making, ultimately driving the superstore
towards.

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 REFERENCES

W3schools: http://www.w3schools.com/html/defualt.asp

Simplelearn: https://www.simplilearn.com/tutorials/power-bi-tutorial/what-is-

power-bi

Hevodata: https://hevodata.com/learn/bi-chart/

Analyticstraininghub: https://analyticstraininghub.com/different-types-of-charts-

in-power-bi-and-their-uses/

Microsoft: https://www.microsoft.com/en-in/power-platform/products/power-

bi#:~:text=Power%20BI%20is%20a%20unified,Play

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