General election

in indonesia
M. Ilham Surya Bismi (34.0013)
Bua Favico Atthariq (34.0129)
 History
The history of elections in Indonesia began at the beginning of the national revolution
era. Plans to hold the first national general elections in Indonesia were announced on 5
October 1945. In 1946, the first general elections were held in the Kediri and Surakarta
residencies.

Then, in 1948, the KNIP Working Body (Central Indonesian National Committee)
approved a law establishing an indirect general election system based on proportional
representation and giving the right to vote to all citizens over the age of 18.
 One day after the proclamation of independence, namely on August 18 1945,
the Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence (PPKI) appointed
Soekarno and Mohammad Hatta as the first President and Vice President of
the Republic of Indonesia.
On November 3, 1945, through Information X issued by Vice President
Mohammad Hatta, the formation of political parties was encouraged in
preparation for the holding of the Election in 1946. Information X gave
legitimacy to political parties that had already been formed, both during the
government Dutch and Japanese.
Information X also set another goal, namely the holding of elections to elect members
of the House of Representatives (DPR) in January 1946. However, the plan could not
be implemented due to several factors, including the lack of legislation governing the
conduct of elections and the low stability of the country's security at that moment.
The government and the people at that time were more focused on efforts to defend
independence
1955 Election
The history of elections in Indonesia began in
1955, after going through the Soekarno
government period. In this period, the
government system adopted was Guided
Democracy

Elections 1971 – 1997

After Sukarno's reign, the MPRS appointed Soeharto as Acting
President on March 12 1967, and on March 27 1968, Suharto was
appointed President according to the results of the MPRS General
Session. During the 32 years of Soeharto's leadership, Indonesia
held six elections to elect members of the DPR, Regional People's
Representative Council (DPRD) level I, and DPRD level II. In this era,
the President was elected by the MPRS
1971 Election
The New Order began to reduce political
competition and reduce political pluralism. The
Golongan Karya Party (Golkar) was the
dominant party with a vote acquisition of
62.82%.

1977 Election
The 1977 elections experienced changes with the unification of
several political parties. The Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), Parmusi, Perti,
and PSII parties merged to become the United Development Party
(PPP), while the Indonesian National Party (PNI), Parkindo, the
Catholic Party, the IPKI Party, and the Murba Party merged to
become the Indonesian Democratic Party (PDI). This party
formation continued to be maintained until the 1997 elections, with
Golkar as the majority party, followed by PPP and PDI.
 1999 Election
In 1998, Suharto was replaced by B.J. Habibie as
President, and in the same year, the elections
which were originally scheduled for 2002 were
accelerated to 1999.

2004 Election
The 2004 elections involved many political parties and consisted of
two stages, namely the election of members of parliament who met
the parliamentary threshold and the election of the president in
two rounds. There has been a change in the system in the direct
election of the DPR/DPRD, DPD, and the election of president-vice
president
 2009 Election
The 2009 election was the second election with
direct election of the president and vice
president. The selected candidate pair is
determined based on obtaining more than 50% of
the total votes with a minimum of 20% of the
votes in each province spread across more than
50% of the total number of provinces in
Indonesia.
2014 Election
The 2014 elections were held twice, namely for the election of
legislative members on April 9 2014, and for the election of
president and vice president on July 9 2014. These elections elected
members of the DPR, DPD, as well as members of the Provincial and
Regency/City DPRD for the 2014-2019 period
 2019 Election
The 2019 elections involved 20 political parties, but after verification and the appeal
process, only 16 parties participated in the legislative elections. PDI Perjuangan was
the winner with the most votes and 128 seats in the DPR, followed by the Gerindra
Party and the Golkar Party.

Since the reform period, elections in Indonesia have been held regularly every five
years to elect members of the DPR, DPRD level I, and DPRD level II. The general election
system currently used is a direct general election system based on proportional
representation. Elections are an important mechanism in the process of
democratization and the realization of the will of the people in Indonesia.
i s t h e r e any s ?
questio n
Thank you