PAPER

ELECTION

Lecture:

Abdul Haris Fitri Anto, M.Si.

Arranged by:

Sri Ruhyatul Mutmainnah (C04218031)

Alfin Sofyan (C042180

Hafidz Itsaar (C042180

Lalu Ardiansyah (C042180

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW

FACULTY OF SHARIA AND LAW

STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF SUNAN AMPEL

SURABAYA

2021

PREFACE
Praise be to God Almighty for the blessings of his grace, and that we were givemm the
opportunity to be able to compile a working paper entitled “election” is properly, correctly,
and on time.

This paper is structured so that readers can konow how important election system in
Indonesia. This paper was complied with help from various parties. Both parties come from
outside as well as from parties concerned itself. And because the aid and help of God
Almighty, these papers can be finally resolved.

The compilers also thanked to Mr. Abdul Haris Fitri Anto, M.Si. as lecture in study of
English text. Who have many professors help compiler in order to complete this paper.

Hopefully this paper can give a broader insight to the reader. Although this paper has
advantages and disadvantages. Thank you

Surabaya, 7 April 2021

Authors

TABLE OF CONTENTS
PREFACE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background
B. Problem Formulation

CHAPTER II

DISCUSSION

A. The Definition of Election

B. History
C. The Type of Election

CHAPTER III

CLOSING

A. Conclussion

CHAPTER I
 INTRODUCTION

A. Background

Election is a means of people's sovereignty to elect members DPR, DPD,

President and vice president, and to elect members DPRD which is conducted
directly, publicly, freely, secretly, honestly, and fair in the Unitary State of the
Republic of Indonesia based on Pancasila and the Constitution of the Republic of
Indonesia.

Meanwhile, Pilkada is basically the same as the presidential election. Both

held to elect leaders directly. Pilkada done to elect regional heads. The regional
heads, among others Governor-Deputy Governor, Regent-Deputy Regent and Mayor-
Deputy Mayor city. Pilkada is conducted in a certain scope.

Elections and regional head elections in Indonesia are held every 5 years, so to
broaden the students' insight into the election and regional election processes taught
since they were in elementary school even though they were can not choose yet at
least they already know and understand what are elections and pilkada and later when
they are 17 years they already have the knowledge base so they stay practice it.

As for the requirements in order to be able to participate in elections and

regional elections is an Indonesian citizen, has been 17 years old or has been married,
physically and mentally healthy, and is not in the criminal case. In organizing
elections, there are several stages, namely: registration voters, registration of election
participants, determination of election participants, campaigns election participants as
well as voting and counting votes.

B. Problem Formulation
1. What is definition of election?
2. How is the history of election in Indonesia?
3. What are the types of election in Indonesia?

CHAPTER II
 DISCUSSION

A. The Definition of Election

Election is the formal process of selecting a person for public office or of
accepting or rejecting a political proposition by voting.
An election is the process of voting to choose someone to be their political
leader or representative in government. In a democracy, the right to vote is the main
way most citizens can influence the decisions about how their country is governed.
Citizens get their chance when the government decides to hold an election. To win an
election, politicians have to persuade people to support them. Each political party
needs to identify their policies (plan of action), explaining what they would do if they
were elected. Each political party prepares a list of policies that the party promises to
carry out if they are elected. This is called a platform. Citizens make their choice in
secret by marking a ballot paper and putting this into a ballot box that is not opened
until after the polls (casting of votes) have closed. Voters have to decide whether they
agree with the platform promises and whether the politicians can be trusted to keep
them if they get into power.1

B. History
Elections were first promised for January 1946 by vice-president Hatta on 3
November 1945, a promise repeated later the same month by Prime Minister Sjahrir
and senior minister Amir Sjarifuddin in response to criticism of the cabinet for being
non-democratic. They were never held, partly because the Indonesian National
Revolution was still ongoing and the Republic only controlled Java, Sumatra and a
few other areas, and partly because the socialist government was extremely unpopular
due to its policy of negotiating with the Dutch colonial power, and would be expected
to do very badly in any election. However, there were regional elections in Bali, Solo
and Kediri.
1. Early Election (1955)
Indonesia's first general election elected members of the DPR and the
Constitutional Assembly of Indonesia (Konstituante). The election was organised

1
Diakses dari https://www.dkfindout.com/us/more-find-out/what-does-politician-do/what-is-an-election/
 by the government of Prime Minister Ali Sastroamidjojo. Sastroamidjojo himself
declined to stand for election, and Burhanuddin Harahap became Prime Minister.
The election occurred in two stages:
a. The election of the members of the DPR, which took place on 29 September
1955. Twenty-nine political parties and individuals took part;
b. The election for the members of the Constitutional Assembly, which took
place on 15 December 1955.

The five largest parties in the election were the National Party of Indonesia
(PNI), Council of Indonesian Muslim Associations Party (Masyumi), Nahdlatul
Ulama (NU), Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI), and Indonesian Islamic Union
Party (PSII).

2. Election in New Order (1971)

The first election after the establishment of Suharto's New Order took place on
5 July 1971. Ten political parties participated. The five largest political parties
were a newly-participate "functional group" Golkar, Nahdlatul Ulama, Muslim
Party of Indonesia (Parmusi), PNI and PSII.
3. Election in the Reform Era (1999–present)
The 1999 election was the first election held after the collapse of the New
Order. It was held on 7 June 1999 under the government of B.J. Habibie. Forty-
eight political parties participated. The six largest parties which passed the
electoral threshold of 2% were the Indonesian Democratic Party-Struggle (PDI-P),
the reformed Golkar Party, PPP, National Awakening Party (PKB), National
Mandate Party (PAN), and Crescent Star Party (PBB).
The 2004 legislative election was held on 5 April 2004. A total of 24 parties
contested the election. Golkar Party won the largest share of the vote, at 21.6%,
followed by PDI-P, PKB, PPP and newly formed Democratic Party. 17 parties
won legislative seats.
In 2005, Indonesia also began holding direct elections for governors, mayors
and regents. Prior to this, local executives had been elected by a vote of the local
legislative body. The first region to do so was Kutai Kartanegara, which held a
 regency election on 1 June 2005.2 Since 2005, Pilkada has been held directly, both
at the provincial and district / city levels.
In 2009, Indonesia held legislative election for the DPD and the DPR on 9
April 2009. The presidential election was held on 8 July, with President Susilo
Bambang Yudhoyono winning enough of the vote to make the run-off election
unnecessary.
In 2019, for the first time, legislative and presidential elections were held on
the same day. Joko Widodo, running with Ma’ruf Amin as his vice-presidential
candidate, again defeated Prabowo Subianto, running with Sandiaga Uno, winning
55.4% of the vote. In the legislative vote, PDI-P came first, with 19.3% of the
vote, followed by Prabowo's Gerindra Party with 12.6%.3

C. Election Types
In Indonesia the election is divided into three types namely presidential and
vice presidential election, election of Members of DPR, DPD and DPRD and thel last
general election of regional head and deputy regional head. the explanation is as
follows
1. Presidential and Vice Presidential Election.
Since the 2004 election, the president or vice president are directly elected by
the people. Previously, the president or vice president was elected by members of
the DPR / MPR. Presidential and vice presidential election is the election to
choose the pair of presidential candidates and vice presidents proposed by
political parties or coalition of political parties in pairs, provided that:
a. The President and Vice President are elected in one spouse directly by the
people;
b. A couple of candidates for President and Vice President shall be nominated
by a political party or a coalition of political parties participating in the
general election prior to the election;
c. A couple of candidates for President and Vice President who get a vote of
more than fifty percent of the number of votes in the general election with at

2
Erb, Maribeth; Sulistiyanto, Priyambudi (2009). “Deepening Democracy in Indonesia?: Direct Elections for
hLocal Leaders (Pilkada)”. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.

3
Beritasatu Team; Telly Nathalia (21 May 2019). "Jokowi Wins Re-Election, PDI-P Wins Most Seats". The
Jakarta Globe. Retrieved 7 October 2019.
 least twenty percent of the votes in each province spread over more than half
of the provinces of Indonesia, ‘constituted as President and Vice President.
2. Election of Members of DPR, DPD and DPRD.
Based on the general provisions of Article 1 of Law Number 8 Year 2012
regarding General Election of Members of DPR, DPD and DPRD, the election of
Members of DPR, DPD and DPRD is the election to elect members of DPR, DPD
and Provincial DPRD and Regency / Municipal DPRD within the Unitary
Republic State Indonesia based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution of the
State of the Republic of Indonesia.
Election contestants to elect members of DPR, Provincial DPRD,and Regency
/Municipal DPRD are political parties. This political party is divided into two
forms based on Article 8 of Law Number 8 of 2012:
a. First, Political parties contesting the election in the last General Election
meet the threshold for vote acquisition of the total a valid national vote is
determined as a political party election contestants in the next election;
b. Second, Political parties that do not meet the threshold vote acquisition in the
previous election or new political parties can become election contestants
after meet the requirements.
3. General Election of Regional Head and Deputy Regional Head.
The election of regional head and deputy regional head is the election to elect
the candidate pair of regional head and deputy head of region proposed by
political party or a combination of political parties and individuals. Since 2005,
Pilkada has been held directly, both at the provincial and district / city levels. This
arrangement is stipulated in Law Number 32 Year 2004 regarding Regional
Government which states that "Regional Head and Deputy Regional Head are
elected in one candidate pair which is carried out democratically based on the
principle of direct, public, free, secret, honest and fair". Pilkada is included in the
election regime after the enactment of Law Number 22 Year 2007 regarding
General Election Organizer so that until now the General Election of Regional
Head and Deputy Head of Region is better known as Pemilukada. In 2008,
exactly after the enactment of Law Number 12 Year 2008 regarding the Second.4

4
Ardiansyah, General Elcition In Indonesia, Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research
(ASSEHR), volume 163, (UIN Riau, Kampar, 2017), P. 7.
 CHAPTER III
CLOSING

A. Conclussion
An election is the election of people to fill office certain. For this
reason, general elections are very important because they are in elections there
is the exercise of people's sovereignty. Pilkada was held to vote District head.
Pilkada is basically the same as the presidential election. Both held to elect
leaders directly.
There are six principles of election in Indonesia, namely direct,
general, free, confidential, honest and fair. The purpose of holding elections
to realize democracy. Election is held Simultaneously throughout the territory
of Indonesia.
In Indonesia the election is divided into three types namely presidential
and vice presidential election, election of Members of DPR, DPD and DPRD
and thel last general election of regional head and deputy regional head.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Erb, Maribeth; Sulistiyanto, Priyambudi (2009). “Deepening Democracy in Indonesia?:

Direct Elections for Local Leaders (Pilkada)”. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.

Beritasatu Team; Telly Nathalia (21 May 2019). "Jokowi Wins Re-Election, PDI-P Wins
Most Seats". The Jakarta Globe. Retrieved 5 April 2021

Ardiansyah, General Elcition In Indonesia, Advances in Social Science, Education and

Humanities Research (ASSEHR), volume 163, (UIN Riau, Kampar, 2017).

Accessed from https://www.dkfindout.com/us/more-find-out/what-does-politician-do/what-

is-an-election/