Isabela State University - Echague

College of Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering

Load Balancing Method

Prestressed Concrete Design Concept #3

CE 424 | Professional Course - Prestressed Concrete Design

Estrada, Ralph Hajile B.
Instructor
09285064778| drummrstride30@gmail.com | FB: Hajile Estrada
1
Load Balancing Method
PSCD Concept #3
• Prestressing to achieve load balancing or “Load-Balancing Method”.
• A concept to visualize prestressing primarily as an attempt to balance the
loads on a member. This concept was essentially developed by the authors of
using the unbalanced condition of loads.

2
 Load Balancing Method
PSCD Concept #3
sin θ Δω ⋅ x dy
tan θ = = = y′ =
cos θ H dx

[ H ][ 2 ]
2
Δωx Δω x
∫ ∫ H
y = y′dx = dx =

[ P ][ 8 ]
Δω L 2 *y = e
e= L
x=
2
8Pe *Δω unbalanced unit weight
Δω = 2
ΣFh = 0 P = H = Pcosθ L * for parabolic tendons
ΣFv = 0 P sin θ = Δω ⋅ x ωnet = Δω + ωT


3
Sample Problem
Calculate the top and
bottom stress felt by the
10 m prestressed
concrete beam under
initial and nal state at FOR INITIAL STATE:
midspan section. Unbalanced Unit Weight: Δω
Dead load = 24.8 kN/m 8Pe 8(1950)(0.175)
Live load = 11.4 kN/m Δω = 2 =
P = 1950 kN, % loss = 8% L (10) 2

Δω = 27.3 kN/m ↑
Self-Weight of Beam:
γc = 23.544 kN/m Net Weight: wnet
wB = 23.544(0.8)(0.5) ωnet = Δω + ωb = + 27.3 − 9.4176
wB = 9.4176 kN/m ωnet = 17.8824 kN/m ↑

4
fi
Sample Problem
Calculate the top and
bottom stress felt by the
10 m prestressed
concrete beam under
initial and nal state at
midspan section.
Dead load = 24.8 kN/m
Live load = 11.4 kN/m
P = 1950 kN, % loss = 8%
ωnet = 17.8824 kN/m ↑
fi
FOR INITIAL STATE:
Stress due to Pre-stressing Force:
P 1950(1000)
fa = − = −
A 500(800)
fa = − 4.875 MPa
Moment due to Load Balancing:
2 2
wnet L 17.8824(10)
Mmax = =
8 8
Mmax = 223.53 kNm
5
Sample Problem
Calculate the top and
bottom stress felt by the
10 m prestressed
concrete beam under
initial and nal state at
midspan section.
Dead load = 24.8 kN/m
Live load = 11.4 kN/m
P = 1950 kN, % loss = 8%
ωnet = 17.8824 kN/m ↑
fa = − 4.875 MPa
Mmax = 223.53 kNm
fi
FOR INITIAL STATE:
Stress due to Load Balancing:
6
Mc 223.53(10) (400)
fLB = =
I 500(800) 3
12
fLB = 4.1912 MPa
Fiber Stresses during Initial State:
ft = − fa + fLB = − 0.6838 MPa (C)
fb = − fa − fLB = − 9.0662 MPa (C)
6
Sample Problem
Calculate the top and
bottom stress felt by the
10 m prestressed
concrete beam under
initial and nal state at FOR FINAL STATE:
midspan section. Stress due to Axial Load:
3
Dead load = 24.8 kN/m P 1794(10)
Live load = 11.4 kN/m
fa = − = −
A 500(800)
P = 1950 kN, % loss = 8%
fa = − 4.485 kN
wB = 9.4176 kN/m
Total Weight on Beam:
Final Prestressing Force: wT = wb + wDL + wLL
P = 1950(92%) kN wT = 9.4176 + 24.8 + 11.4
P = 1794 kN
wT = 45.6176 kN/m

7
fi
Sample Problem
Calculate the top and
bottom stress felt by the
10 m prestressed
concrete beam under
initial and nal state at
midspan section.
Dead load = 24.8 kN/m
Live load = 11.4 kN/m
P = 1950 kN, % loss = 8%
Pf = 1794 kN
fa = − 4.485 kN
wT = 45.6176 kN/m
fi
FOR FINAL STATE:
Unbalanced Unit Weight: Δω
8Pf e 8(1794)(0.175)
Δω = 2 =
L 10 2
Δω = 25.116 kN/m
Net Weight:
ωnet = Δω + ωb = 25.116 − 45.6176
↑
ωnet = − 20.5016 kN/m
8
Sample Problem
Calculate the top and
bottom stress felt by the
10 m prestressed
concrete beam under
initial and nal state at FOR FINAL STATE:
midspan section. Moment Due to Load Balancing
2 2
Dead load = 24.8 kN/m ωnet L 20.5016(10)
Live load = 11.4 kN/m Mmax = =
P = 1950 kN, % loss = 8% 8 8
Mmax = 256.27 kNm
Pf = 1794 kN
Stress due to Load Balancing:
fa = − 4.485 kN Mc 256.27(10) (400)6
wT = 45.6176 kN/m fBL = =
I 500(800) 3
ωnet = − 20.5016 kN/m 12
fBL = 4.8051 MPa
9
fi
Sample Problem
Calculate the top and
bottom stress felt by the
10 m prestressed
concrete beam under
initial and nal state at FOR FINAL STATE:
midspan section. Fiber Stresses at Final State:
Dead load = 24.8 kN/m ft = fa − fLB = − 9.29 MPa (C)
Live load = 11.4 kN/m
P = 1950 kN, % loss = 8% fb = fa + fLB = 0.32 MPa (T)
Pf = 1794 kN
fa = − 4.485 kN
wT = 45.6176 kN/m
ωnet = − 20.5016 kN/m
fBL = 4.8051 MPa
10
fi
11