TA SERIES CHAPTER WISE MCQs APPLIED NUTRITION

UNIT 3 weight management by ta series.

1. What is body weight defined as?
Options:
A. The amount of muscle mass in an individual
B. The number of calories consumed in a day
C. The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual
D. The ratio of height to age in a person
Answer: C. The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual.

2. What factors can modify the appropriate body weight for a person based on their height?
Options:
A. Gender, age, and build
B. Hair color and eye color
C. Blood type and shoe size
D. Ethnicity and favorite food
Answer: A. Gender, age, and build.

3. What is the relationship between calories consumed (energy in) and calories used through daily living
and activities (energy out) known as?
Options:
A. Energy transfer
B. Caloric balance
C. Thermodynamic equilibrium
D. Energy conversion
Answer: B. Caloric balance.

4. When does negative energy balance occur?

Options:
A. When caloric intake equals energy expenditure
B. When caloric intake exceeds energy expenditure
C. When caloric intake is lower than energy expenditure
D. When caloric intake is unrelated to energy expenditure
Answer: C. When caloric intake is lower than energy expenditure.

5. What can a severe negative energy balance lead to?

Options:
A. Increased bone mass
B. Elevated thyroid hormone levels
C. Improved physical performance
D. Reductions in bone mass and declines in metabolism
Answer: D. Reductions in bone mass and declines in metabolism.

6. Which of the following is NOT a health condition associated with excess body weight?
Options:
A. Hypertension
B. Osteoporosis
C. Type 2 diabetes mellitus
D. Coronary artery disease
Answer: B. Osteoporosis.

7. What is the primary benefit of maintaining a healthy body weight?

Options:
 TA SERIES CHAPTER WISE MCQs APPLIED NUTRITION

A. Increased risk of various diseases

B. Enhanced physical performance
C. Improved emotional wellbeing
D. Higher likelihood of obesity
Answer: C. Improved emotional wellbeing.

8. What are the risk factors associated with excess body weight?
Options:
A. Asthma, osteoarthritis, and hypertension
B. Coronary artery disease, diabetes, and liver disease
C. Cerebrovascular diseases, various cancers, and sleep apnea
D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above.

9. Which of the following is true about energy balance?

Options:
A. Energy is created and destroyed within the body.
B. Energy is transferred between entities but is never converted into other forms.
C. Energy balance is solely determined by the number of calories consumed.
D. Energy balance is influenced by calories in (energy in) and calories out (energy expenditure).
Answer: D. Energy balance is influenced by calories in (energy in) and calories out (energy expenditure).

10. In the context of energy balance, what occurs when caloric intake exceeds energy expenditure?
Options:
A. Negative energy balance
B. Positive energy balance
C. Caloric equilibrium
D. Thermodynamic balance
Answer: B. Positive energy balance.

11. What are the major "destinations" of energy within the body?
Options:
A. Heat and sound
B. Work, heat, and storage
C. Work, light, and storage
D. Heat, motion, and storage
Answer: B. Work, heat, and storage.

12. What can a severe negative energy balance lead to, besides a decline in metabolism and reductions in
bone mass?
Options:
A. Improved concentration
B. Enhanced physical performance
C. Decreased testosterone levels
D. Increased thyroid hormone levels
Answer: C. Decreased testosterone levels.

13. What are some of the diseases and clinical disorders associated with excess body weight?
Options:
A. Malaria and tuberculosis
B. Depression and anxiety
C. Coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus
 TA SERIES CHAPTER WISE MCQs APPLIED NUTRITION

D. Allergic reactions and skin rashes

Answer: C. Coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

14. What is the primary focus of maintaining a healthy body weight?

Options:
A. Maximizing muscle mass
B. Eliminating all body fat
C. Engaging in regular exercise
D. Disease prevention and overall wellbeing
Answer: D. Disease prevention and overall wellbeing.

15. What are the consequences of a positive energy balance?

Options:
A. Weight loss and increased metabolism
B. Weight maintenance and improved concentration
C. Weight gain and potential health issues
D. Weight gain and enhanced physical performance
Answer: C. Weight gain and potential health issues.

16. What are some potential consequences of a positive energy balance, which occurs when caloric intake
exceeds energy expenditure?
Options:
A. Weight loss and reduced cholesterol levels
B. Increased insulin sensitivity and improved cellular fitness
C. Plaque buildup in arteries and increased risk of certain diseases
D. Enhanced physical performance and reduced blood pressure
Answer: C. Plaque buildup in arteries and increased risk of certain diseases.

17. How can you achieve a balanced diet?

Options:
A. By consuming 80-90% of total calories from carbohydrates
B. By avoiding all fats and sugars in your diet
C. By providing all nutrients in required amounts and proper proportions
D. By exclusively relying on protein-rich foods
Answer: C. By providing all nutrients in required amounts and proper proportions.

18. What is the purpose of the Body Mass Index (BMI)?

Options:
A. To measure the amount of muscle mass in an individual
B. To calculate the total number of calories burned in a day
C. To assess a person's body shape based on mass and height
D. To determine the ideal proportion of macronutrients in a diet
Answer: C. To assess a person's body shape based on mass and height.

19. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), what BMI range falls under the category of "Obese
Class II (Severely obese)"?
Options:
A. 30 to 35 kg/m2
B. 35 to 40 kg/m2
C. Over 40 kg/m2
D. Less than 15 kg/m2
 TA SERIES CHAPTER WISE MCQs APPLIED NUTRITION

Answer: B. 35 to 40 kg/m2.

20. Which of the following food groups should provide around 20-30% of total calories in a balanced diet?
Options:
A. Cereals and millets
B. Pulses and legumes
C. Vegetables and fruits
D. Oils and fats, nuts, and oil seeds
Answer: D. Oils and fats, nuts, and oil seeds.

21. What is the main goal of maintaining a balanced diet?

Options:
A. Achieving rapid weight loss
B. Maximizing carbohydrate intake
C. Providing all nutrients in proper proportions
D. Exclusively relying on protein-rich foods
Answer: C. Providing all nutrients in proper proportions.

22. Which of the following BMI categories is considered "Normal (healthy weight)" according to the World
Health Organization (WHO)?
Options:
A. Less than 15 kg/m2
B. From 30 to 35 kg/m2
C. From 18.5 to 25 kg/m2
D. Over 40 kg/m2
Answer: C. From 18.5 to 25 kg/m2.

23. What is the primary factor in achieving a balanced diet through the five basic food groups?
Options:
A. Exclusively consuming cereals and millets
B. Prioritizing protein-rich foods like meat and fish
C. Providing all nutrients in required amounts and proper proportions
D. Avoiding fruits and vegetables
Answer: C. Providing all nutrients in required amounts and proper proportions.

24. What is the energy balance concept primarily concerned with?

Options:
A. The conversion of energy into other forms
B. The laws of thermodynamics
C. The relationship between energy intake and expenditure
D. The elimination of excess energy from the body
Answer: C. The relationship between energy intake and expenditure.

25. How can a person achieve weight maintenance, according to the energy balance concept?
Options:
A. By maximizing caloric intake
B. By minimizing physical activity
C. By balancing caloric intake with energy expenditure
D. By eliminating all sources of energy from the diet
Answer: C. By balancing caloric intake with energy expenditure.

26. What is the primary consequence of a severe negative energy balance?

 TA SERIES CHAPTER WISE MCQs APPLIED NUTRITION

Options:
A. Improved physical performance
B. Enhanced concentration and focus
C. A decline in metabolism and reductions in bone mass
D. Increased thyroid hormone levels
Answer: C. A decline in metabolism and reductions in bone mass.

27. Which of the following is NOT a risk factor associated with excess body weight?
Options:
A. Hypertension
B. Liver disease
C. Enhanced physical performance
D. Coronary artery disease
Answer: C. Enhanced physical performance.

28. What are the potential risks of maintaining a positive energy balance in the long term?
Options:
A. Increased risk of malnutrition
B. Decreased risk of certain diseases
C. Potential health issues and weight gain
D. Improved cardiovascular health
Answer: C. Potential health issues and weight gain.

29. What is the primary focus of maintaining a healthy body weight?

Options:
A. Maximizing fat storage
B. Achieving the highest possible BMI
C. Disease prevention and overall wellbeing
D. Enhancing physical performance
Answer: C. Disease prevention and overall wellbeing.

30. According to the energy balance concept, what occurs when caloric intake matches energy
expenditure?
Options:
A. Negative energy balance
B. Positive energy balance
C. Weight loss
D. Caloric equilibrium
Answer: D. Caloric equilibrium.

31. Which of the following is NOT one of the major "destinations" of energy within the body?
Options:
A. Work
B. Heat
C. Storage
D. Light
Answer: D. Light.

32. What are the major contributing factors to the increase of obesity worldwide?
Options:
A. Genetic and physiologic factors
 TA SERIES CHAPTER WISE MCQs APPLIED NUTRITION

B. Physiologic and behavioral factors

C. Inappropriate dietary intake and energy density of the diet
D. Genetic and behavioral factors
Answer: C. Inappropriate dietary intake and energy density of the diet.

33. How is body weight determined?

Options:
A. Primarily by genetic factors
B. Primarily by physiologic factors
C. By the amount of energy intake and expenditure
D. By behavioral factors alone
Answer: C. By the amount of energy intake and expenditure.

34. What is the best way to reduce the total number of calories in your diet, especially from fat?
Options:
A. Increase fat intake from animal foods
B. Avoid all sources of fat completely
C. Cut back on fat consumption
D. Focus on increasing protein intake
Answer: C. Cut back on fat consumption.

35. Which foods are recommended as sources of complex carbohydrates?

Options:
A. Sweets, soda, and fruit drinks
B. Meats and dairy products
C. Whole grains, vegetables, and dried beans
D. Fruits and simple carbohydrates
Answer: C. Whole grains, vegetables, and dried beans.

36. What is one potential consequence of a high-protein diet for people with kidney disease?
Options:
A. Improved kidney function
B. Worsened kidney function
C. Reduced blood sugar levels
D. Increased fiber intake
Answer: B. Worsened kidney function.

37. Why is it often challenging for people to maintain weight loss achieved through strict dieting alone?
Options:
A. Diets rarely lead to weight loss
B. Diets are too easy to follow for most people
C. Weight loss from diets is not sustainable in the long term
D. Diets do not result in any health benefits
Answer: C. Weight loss from diets is not sustainable in the long term.

38. What is the recommended approach for managing weight, according to the text?
Options:
A. Strict dieting alone
B. Focusing on weight loss as the primary goal
C. A lifestyle of healthy eating and regular exercise
D. Skipping meals to reduce calorie intake
Answer: C. A lifestyle of healthy eating and regular exercise.
 TA SERIES CHAPTER WISE MCQs APPLIED NUTRITION

39. How can individuals improve their relationship with food?

Options:
A. By overeating to cope with emotions
B. By using food as a reward for healthy behaviors
C. By paying attention to feelings of hunger and fullness
D. By skipping meals to reduce calorie intake
Answer: C. By paying attention to feelings of hunger and fullness.

40. What is the recommended approach to setting weight-related goals?

Options:
A. Set large, ambitious goals that cannot be changed
B. Focus solely on long-term goals
C. Set small, changeable goals and adjust as needed
D. Avoid setting any goals related to weight or health
Answer: C. Set small, changeable goals and adjust as needed.

41. What is the primary message regarding the relationship between healthy eating and weight
management?
Options:
A. Strict dieting is the most effective approach to weight management.
B. Healthy eating has little impact on weight and is primarily for health benefits.
C. Weight management should be the primary focus, regardless of dietary choices.
D. Healthy eating and regular exercise are key to improving health and managing weight.
Answer: D. Healthy eating and regular exercise are key to improving health and managing weight.

42. Why is it important to focus on getting healthy rather than solely on weight loss?
Options:
A. Weight loss is unattainable for most people.
B. Health improvements are not associated with weight loss.
C. A focus on health can lead to sustainable lifestyle changes.
D. Weight loss is the only goal that matters.
Answer: C. A focus on health can lead to sustainable lifestyle changes.

43. What is the recommended approach to goal setting for weight management?
Options:
A. Set large, long-term goals that are difficult to achieve.
B. Focus on achieving weight loss goals exclusively.
C. Set small, achievable goals that can be adjusted as needed.
D. Avoid setting any goals related to weight or health.
Answer: C. Set small, achievable goals that can be adjusted as needed.

44. How can individuals avoid overeating and manage their relationship with food?
Options:
A. By using food as a reward for healthy behaviors
B. By skipping meals to reduce calorie intake
C. By paying attention to feelings of hunger and fullness
D. By overeating to cope with emotions
Answer: C. By paying attention to feelings of hunger and fullness.

45. What is the consequence of skipping meals when it comes to weight management?
 TA SERIES CHAPTER WISE MCQs APPLIED NUTRITION

Options:
A. It promotes weight loss.
B. It has no impact on weight.
C. It leads to overeating later in the day.
D. It is an effective strategy for calorie reduction.
Answer: C. It leads to overeating later in the day.

46. Which factor primarily determines body weight?

Options:
A. Genetic factors
B. Physiologic factors
C. Behavioral factors
D. Energy intake and expenditure
Answer: D. Energy intake and expenditure.

47. What can contribute to a negative energy balance?

Options:
A. Consuming more calories than burned
B. Increased bone mass and thyroid hormones
C. Reduction in physical performance
D. Decline in metabolism
Answer: A. Consuming more calories than burned.

48. What are the potential consequences of severe negative energy balance?
Options:
A. Increased bone mass and thyroid hormones
B. Improved concentration and physical performance
C. Decline in metabolism and reduced bone mass
D. Reduction in physical performance and higher body fat
Answer: C. Decline in metabolism and reduced bone mass.

49. What is the role of fats in the diet in relation to calorie content?
Options:
A. Fats have fewer calories per gram than protein or carbohydrates.
B. Fats have the same number of calories per gram as protein or carbohydrates.
C. Fats have more than twice the calories per gram than protein or carbohydrates.
D. Fats have fewer calories per gram than protein but more than carbohydrates.
Answer: C. Fats have more than twice the calories per gram than protein or carbohydrates.

50. What is the recommended approach to reducing calorie intake from fat?
Options:
A. Increase fat consumption from animal foods
B. Avoid all sources of fat completely
C. Cut back on fat consumption
D. Focus on increasing protein intake
Answer: C. Cut back on fat consumption.

51. What is a recommended strategy for keeping track of your eating habits?
Options:
A. Rely on memory to recall what you ate each day.
B. Maintain a food diary to record everything you eat and drink.
C. Ignore serving sizes to simplify tracking.
 TA SERIES CHAPTER WISE MCQs APPLIED NUTRITION

D. Avoid keeping any record of your eating habits.

Answer: B. Maintain a food diary to record everything you eat and drink.

52. How can individuals gradually change their eating habits for better health?
Options:
A. Completely eliminate all foods they love to eat.
B. Fill their plate entirely with lean meat or chicken.
C. Make small, reasonable changes to their diet.
D. Set a goal of eating fewer fruits and vegetables each day.
Answer: C. Make small, reasonable changes to their diet.

53. What role does exercise play in maintaining a healthy body?

Options:
A. Exercise primarily increases fat content in the body.
B. Exercise has no impact on metabolism.
C. Exercise helps increase muscle and decrease fat, leading to a higher metabolism.
D. Exercise only improves mental health but not physical health.
Answer: C. Exercise helps increase muscle and decrease fat, leading to a higher metabolism.

54. How does exercise contribute to preventing diseases like heart disease and certain cancers?
Options:
A. Exercise has no impact on disease prevention.
B. Exercise increases cholesterol levels, which is beneficial for health.
C. Exercise lowers blood pressure and cholesterol, reducing the risk of heart disease.
D. Exercise has a negative impact on overall health.
Answer: C. Exercise lowers blood pressure and cholesterol, reducing the risk of heart disease.

55. What factors in the Pakistani diet are conducive to weight gain?
Options:
A. Low consumption of saturated fats and trans-fatty acids.
B. Minimal use of sweets and sugar in traditional diets.
C. High intake of vegetables and fruits.
D. Higher proportion of saturated fats, trans-fatty acids, and free sugar, along with overeating and
consumption of fast foods.
Answer: D. Higher proportion of saturated fats, trans-fatty acids, and free sugar, along with overeating and
consumption of fast foods.
56. What does the term "energy balance" refer to in the context of weight management?
Options:
A. The balance between work and rest in daily life.
B. The balance between the number of calories consumed and calories expended.
C. The balance between various macronutrients in the diet.
D. The balance between the amount of protein and carbohydrates in the diet.
Answer: B. The balance between the number of calories consumed and calories expended.

57. What is a potential consequence of a severe negative energy balance?

Options:
A. Increased metabolism.
B. Improved concentration.
C. Decreased bone mass.
D. Better thyroid function.
Answer: C. Decreased bone mass.
 TA SERIES CHAPTER WISE MCQs APPLIED NUTRITION

58. What is the primary role of fat in the body's energy balance?
Options:
A. Fat stores energy for future use.
B. Fat is the primary source of energy for muscle contraction.
C. Fat helps regulate body temperature.
D. Fat improves concentration and cognitive function.
Answer: A. Fat stores energy for future use.

59. What is the body mass index (BMI) used to assess?

Options:
A. Blood pressure levels.
B. Muscle mass.
C. Body fat percentage.
D. The relationship between weight and height.
Answer: D. The relationship between weight and height.

60. In which BMI category would a person with a BMI of 28 be classified according to the World Health
Organization (WHO)?
Options:
A. Overweight.
B. Obese Class I (Moderately obese).
C. Obese Class II (Severely obese).
D. Obese Class III (Very severely obese).
Answer: A. Overweight.

61. What is a balanced diet, and what are the key components of it?
Options:
A. A diet that includes only carbohydrates and fats.
B. A diet that consists mainly of protein-rich foods.
C. A diet that provides all the nutrients in required amounts and proper proportions.
D. A diet that eliminates all carbohydrates.
Answer: C. A diet that provides all the nutrients in required amounts and proper proportions.

62. Which food group should provide around 50-60% of total calories in a balanced diet?
Options:
A. Fruits and vegetables.
B. Dairy products.
C. Cereals and millets.
D. Oils and fats.
Answer: C. Cereals and millets.

63. What is a recommended strategy for gradually changing eating habits for better health?
Options:
A. Make drastic changes to the diet to see quick results.
B. Completely eliminate all carbohydrates from the diet.
C. Make small, reasonable changes to the diet and set achievable goals.
D. Ignore feelings of hunger and fullness while eating.
Answer: C. Make small, reasonable changes to the diet and set achievable goals.

64. How does exercise contribute to weight management and overall health?
Options:
A. Exercise primarily leads to weight gain.
 TA SERIES CHAPTER WISE MCQs APPLIED NUTRITION

B. Exercise has no impact on overall health.

C. Exercise helps burn calories and improves metabolic rate.
D. Exercise only improves mental health but not physical health.
Answer: C. Exercise helps burn calories and improves metabolic rate.

65. What factors in the Pakistani diet are mentioned as conducive to weight gain and health issues?
Options:
A. High consumption of fruits and vegetables.
B. Low consumption of sweets and sugar.
C. Use of industrial processed foods and fast foods.
D. Minimal use of "desi ghee" and meat.
Answer: C. Use of industrial processed foods and fast foods.

66. Which cuisines have gained popularity in Pakistan alongside Pakistani foods?
Options:
A. Indian and Mexican cuisines.
B. Chinese, Western, Italian, and Continental cuisines.
C. Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines.
D. Japanese and Thai cuisines.
Answer: B. Chinese, Western, Italian, and Continental cuisines.

67. What is the impact of regular consumption of fast foods on health, as mentioned in the text?
Options:
A. It leads to better blood pressure control.
B. It lowers cholesterol levels.
C. It has a negative impact on blood pressure, cholesterol levels, metabolic rate, and the immune system.
D. It improves the immune system.
Answer: C. It has a negative impact on blood pressure, cholesterol levels, metabolic rate, and the immune
system.

68. What are some behavior modification strategies for weight management mentioned in the text?
Options:
A. Eating quickly and using large plates.
B. Eating in front of the TV and skipping meals.
C. Taking small bites, eating slowly, and using smaller plates.
D. Replacing meals with snacks and drinking a large glass of water before eating.
Answer: C. Taking small bites, eating slowly, and using smaller plates.

69. What is one important factor in effective weight management counseling mentioned in the text?
Options:
A. Emphasizing that any amount of weight loss is insignificant.
B. Focusing on unrealistic patient expectations.
C. Encouraging patients to eat more calories.
D. Motivating patients to manage their weight through multiple approaches.
Answer: D. Motivating patients to manage their weight through multiple approaches.

70. How does even a small weight loss, such as 5%, impact the risk of type 2 diabetes?
Options:
A. It increases the risk of type 2 diabetes.
B. It has no impact on the risk of type 2 diabetes.
C. It reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes by 60%.
 TA SERIES CHAPTER WISE MCQs APPLIED NUTRITION

D. It reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes by 10%.

Answer: C. It reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes by 60%.

71. What is the overall goal in weight loss counseling?

Options:
A. To help patients consume more calories and eat less healthfully.
B. To encourage patients to skip meals.
C. To help patients gain more weight.
D. To help patients consume fewer calories and eat more healthfully.
Answer: D. To help patients consume fewer calories and eat more healthfully.

72. What is the role of energy balance in determining body weight, as mentioned in the text?
Options:
A. Body weight is primarily determined by genetic factors.
B. Energy balance is unrelated to body weight.
C. Body weight is determined by the balance between calories consumed and calories expended.
D. Body weight is solely determined by caloric intake.
Answer: C. Body weight is determined by the balance between calories consumed and calories expended.

73. How does a negative energy balance occur, according to the text?
Options:
A. Caloric intake exceeds energy expenditure.
B. Caloric intake matches energy expenditure.
C. Caloric intake is lower than energy expenditure.
D. Caloric intake is unrelated to energy expenditure.
Answer: C. Caloric intake is lower than energy expenditure.

74. What are the consequences of a severe negative energy balance, as mentioned in the text?
Options:
A. An increase in metabolism and improved thyroid hormone levels.
B. An increase in bone mass and testosterone levels.
C. A decline in metabolism, decreases in bone mass, reductions in thyroid hormones, and reductions in
testosterone levels.
D. Improved concentration and physical performance.
Answer: C. A decline in metabolism, decreases in bone mass, reductions in thyroid hormones, and
reductions in testosterone levels.

75. What is the purpose of the Body Mass Index (BMI)?

Options:
A. To measure the amount of body fat in an individual.
B. To measure a person's height accurately.
C. To assess an individual's body weight in relation to their height.
D. To determine a person's genetic predisposition to obesity.
Answer: C. To assess an individual's body weight in relation to their height.

76. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), what is the BMI range for individuals categorized
as "Obese Class II (Severely obese)"?
Options:
A. BMI less than 25
B. BMI from 30 to 35
C. BMI from 25 to 30
D. BMI over 40
 TA SERIES CHAPTER WISE MCQs APPLIED NUTRITION

Answer: B. BMI from 30 to 35

77. What is the key message regarding carbohydrates in a balanced diet, as mentioned in the text?
Options:
A. Carbohydrates should provide around 80-90% of total calories.
B. Carbohydrates should be eliminated from the diet.
C. Carbohydrates should provide around 50-60% of total calories.
D. Carbohydrates should be consumed in minimal amounts.
Answer: C. Carbohydrates should provide around 50-60% of total calories.

78. Which food groups are considered the "Basic Five" for achieving a balanced diet?
Options:
A. Meats, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, and grains.
B. Cereals and millets, fats and sugars, vegetables and fruits, dairy products, and meats.
C. Fruits, vegetables, whole grains, dairy products, and fats and sugars.
D. Cereals and millets, pulses and legumes, vegetables and fruits, milk and milk products, and oils and fats.
Answer: D. Cereals and millets, pulses and legumes, vegetables and fruits, milk and milk products, and oils
and fats.

79. How does exercise contribute to weight management, according to the text?
Options:
A. Exercise alone is sufficient for effective weight management.
B. Exercise has no impact on weight management.
C. Combining exercise with a healthy diet is a more effective way to lose weight than calorie restriction
alone.
D. Exercise only helps in gaining weight.
Answer: C. Combining exercise with a healthy diet is a more effective way to lose weight than calorie
restriction alone.

80. What are some factors in the Pakistani diet that are conducive to weight gain, as mentioned in the
text?
Options:
A. High consumption of fruits and vegetables.
B. Low use of sweets and desserts.
C. Overeating, high intake of meat, excess salt intake, and excessive use of sweets and sugary drinks.
D. Strict adherence to traditional low-fat diets.
Answer: C. Overeating, high intake of meat, excess salt intake, and excessive use of sweets and sugary
drinks.