DP2 Tri 1 Quiz 2

10,11 quiz [54 marks]

1.
[Maximum mark: 1]
22N.1.HL.TZ0.30
A parallel-plate capacitor is fully charged using a battery.

The capacitor has a capacitance C and a charge Q. The plates X and Y of the capacitor are a
distance d apart. Edge effects are negligible.
Three statements about the fully charged capacitor are:
Q
I. The electric field strength between the plates is .
Cd
II. The electric field lines are at right angles to the plates.
III. The equipotential surfaces are parallel to the plates.
Which statements are correct?

A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
[1]
Markscheme
D
2.
[Maximum mark: 1]
22N.1.HL.TZ0.31
An electric field is established between two electrodes separated by distance d, held at a
potential difference of V. A charged particle in this field experiences a force F.

What is the charge on the particle?

d
A.
FV
FV
B.
d
V
C.
Fd
Fd
D.
V
[1]
Markscheme
D

3.
[Maximum mark: 1]
22N.1.HL.TZ0.32
Two satellites are in circular orbits around the Earth. Both satellites have the same mass
and satellite X is closer to Earth than satellite Y.
What is correct for the orbital periods of X and Y and the total energies of X and Y?

[1]
Markscheme
D

4.
[Maximum mark: 1]
22N.1.HL.TZ0.33
A resistor connects two parallel conducting rails a distance d apart. A conducting bar rolls
along the rails at a constant velocity v through a uniform magnetic field of 2.0 T
perpendicular to the rails as shown.
The voltage V across the resistor is measured.

The graph shows the variation of V with d.

What is v?

A. 0.33 m s−1
B. 3.0 m s−1
C. 6.0 m s−1
D. 12.0 m s−1
[1]
Markscheme
B

5.
[Maximum mark: 1]
22N.1.HL.TZ0.34
Two coils of wire are wound around an iron cylinder. One coil is connected in a circuit with
a cell and a switch that is initially closed. The other coil is connected to an ammeter. The
switch is opened at time t0.
What is the ammeter reading before t0 and what is the ammeter reading after t0?

[1]
Markscheme
A

6.
[Maximum mark: 1]
22N.1.HL.TZ0.35
What is the purpose of using a step-up transformer at a power station?

A. To step up the current to decrease the energy losses

B. To step up the current to decrease the power transmitted
C. To step up the voltage to decrease the energy losses
D. To step up the voltage to decrease the power transmitted
[1]
Markscheme
C

7.
[Maximum mark: 1]
22N.1.HL.TZ0.36
A student states three facts about the time constant of a resistor-capacitor series circuit.
I. It is the time required for the capacitor to be charged through the resistor to a voltage of
0.632 V from an initial value of zero, where V is the voltage of the source.
II. It is the time required for the capacitor to be discharged through the resistor to a
voltage of 0.632 V, where V is the initial voltage of the capacitor.
III. It is the product of the resistance of the resistor and the capacitance of the capacitor.
Which statements are correct?

A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
[1]
Markscheme
B

8.
[Maximum mark: 10]
22N.2.HL.TZ0.9
A parallel-plate capacitor of capacitance 1.5 × 10−10 F is made from two metal
plates separated by an air gap of 1.0 mm. The capacitor is initially charged to a potential
difference of 24 V.
(a)
Calculate the energy stored in the capacitor.
[1]
Markscheme
 1 −10 2
« ×1.5 ×10 × 24 =¿ » 4.3 × 10−8 «J» ✓
2
The charged capacitor is disconnected from the voltage supply and the separation
between the plates is increased to 4.0 mm.
(b.i)
Explain the change, if any, to the potential difference between the plates.
[2]
Markscheme
A
«from C=ε » capacitance decreases «by factor 4 / to 3.8 × 10−11 F» ✓
d
q
«from V = » charge unchanged hence p.d. increases by factor 4 / to 96 «V» ✓
C

Award [1] max for a reasoning without numbers.

(b.ii)
Determine the work required to increase the separation of the plates.
[2]
Markscheme
work = (energy in the new arrangement) − (initial energy) ✓
«energy increased by factor 4 hence» work = 3 × 4.3 × 10−8 =1.3 × 10−7 «J» ✓

Allow ECF from 9(a).

Award [2] for a BCA.
The capacitor is then discharged through a fixed resistor. The initial current in the
resistor is I 0 and the time constant of the circuit is τ .
(c.i)
Draw, on the axes, a graph to show the variation with time of the current in the resistor.
[2]
Markscheme
exponential decrease from current = I0 ✓
approximately correct values for time = τ AND 2τ ✓

For MP2, the curve should be between 0.30 and 0.45 when time t = τ and below 0.20 when
time t = 2τ .
(c.ii)
A similar mathematical relationship can be used to model phenomena in other areas of
physics.
State an example of such a phenomenon.
[1]
Markscheme
«activity vs time in» radioactive decay
OR
thermal energy transfer ✓

Accept any other appropriate physics phenomenon, as X-ray absorption.

Accept terminal velocity as the question can be interpreted as a phenomenon modelled with
an exponential function (i.e. including growth).
Do not accept dice throwing.
(d)
A diode bridge rectification circuit is often modified by adding a capacitor in parallel
with the output (load) resistance.
Describe the reason for this modification.
[2]
Markscheme
without a capacitor, output voltage/current drops to zero «twice per cycle of input
voltage» ✓
capacitor provides smoothing / smooths out voltage/current variations ✓
voltage/current output becomes constant / similar to direct current output ✓
voltage/current does not drop to zero ✓
by returning some of its energy/charge to the circuit «when input voltage is low» ✓

9.
[Maximum mark: 6]
22N.2.HL.TZ0.8
(a)
The diagram shows field lines for an electrostatic field. X and Y are two points on the same
field line.

Outline which of the two points has the larger electric potential.
[2]
Markscheme
potential greater at Y ✓

−Δ V e
«from E= » the potential increases in the direction opposite to field strength «so
Δr
from X to Y»
OR
opposite to the direction of the field lines, «so from X to Y»
OR
«from W =q Δ V e» work done to move a positive charge from X to Y is positive «so the
potential increases from X to Y» ✓
A satellite is launched from the surface of Earth into a circular orbit.
The following data are given.
Mass of the satellite = 8.0 × 102 kg
Height of the orbit above the surface of Earth = 5.0 × 105 m
Mass of Earth = 6.0 × 1024 kg
 Radius of Earth = 6.4 × 106 m
(b.i)
Show that the kinetic energy of the satellite in orbit is about 2 × 1010 J.
[2]
Markscheme
orbital radius ¿ 6.4 × 106 +5.0 ×105 «¿ 6.9 ×106 m» ✓
−11 24
1 2 6.67 × 10 ×6.0 × 10
KE= ×8.0 × 10 × 6 OR 2.3 ×1010 «J» ✓
2 6.9 ×10

Award [1] max for answers ignoring orbital height (KE = 2.5 × 1010 J).
(b.ii)
Determine the minimum energy required to launch the satellite. Ignore the original kinetic
energy of the satellite due to Earth’s rotation.
[2]
Markscheme

change in PE ¿ 6.67 ×10

−11 24
×6.0 ×10 × 8.0× 10
2
( 6.4 ×10
1
6
−
6.9 ×10 )
1
6
=¿ «3.6 ×10 J» ✓
9

energy needed = KE + ΔPE = 2.7 ×10 10 «J» ✓

Allow ECF from 8(b)(i).

10.
[Maximum mark: 10]
22N.2.HL.TZ0.9
A parallel-plate capacitor of capacitance 1.5 × 10−10 F is made from two metal
plates separated by an air gap of 1.0 mm. The capacitor is initially charged to a potential
difference of 24 V.
(a)
Calculate the energy stored in the capacitor.
[1]
Markscheme
1 −10 2
« ×1.5 ×10 × 24 =¿ » 4.3 × 10−8 «J» ✓
2
The charged capacitor is disconnected from the voltage supply and the separation
between the plates is increased to 4.0 mm.
(b.i)
Explain the change, if any, to the potential difference between the plates.
[2]
Markscheme
A
«from C=ε » capacitance decreases «by factor 4 / to 3.8 × 10−11 F» ✓
d
q
«from V = » charge unchanged hence p.d. increases by factor 4 / to 96 «V» ✓
C

Award [1] max for a reasoning without numbers.

(b.ii)
Determine the work required to increase the separation of the plates.
[2]
Markscheme
work = (energy in the new arrangement) − (initial energy) ✓
«energy increased by factor 4 hence» work = 3 × 4.3 × 10−8 =1.3 × 10−7 «J» ✓

Allow ECF from 9(a).

Award [2] for a BCA.
The capacitor is then discharged through a fixed resistor. The initial current in the
resistor is I 0 and the time constant of the circuit is τ .
(c.i)
Draw, on the axes, a graph to show the variation with time of the current in the resistor.
[2]
Markscheme
exponential decrease from current = I0 ✓
approximately correct values for time = τ AND 2τ ✓

For MP2, the curve should be between 0.30 and 0.45 when time t = τ and below 0.20 when
time t = 2τ .
(c.ii)
A similar mathematical relationship can be used to model phenomena in other areas of
physics.
State an example of such a phenomenon.
[1]
Markscheme
«activity vs time in» radioactive decay
OR
thermal energy transfer ✓

Accept any other appropriate physics phenomenon, as X-ray absorption.

Accept terminal velocity as the question can be interpreted as a phenomenon modelled with
an exponential function (i.e. including growth).
Do not accept dice throwing.
(d)
A diode bridge rectification circuit is often modified by adding a capacitor in parallel
with the output (load) resistance.
Describe the reason for this modification.
[2]
Markscheme
without a capacitor, output voltage/current drops to zero «twice per cycle of input
voltage» ✓
capacitor provides smoothing / smooths out voltage/current variations ✓
voltage/current output becomes constant / similar to direct current output ✓
voltage/current does not drop to zero ✓
by returning some of its energy/charge to the circuit «when input voltage is low» ✓

11.
[Maximum mark: 1]
22M.1.HL.TZ1.32
A charged sphere in a gravitational field is initially stationary between two parallel
metal plates. There is a potential difference V between the plates.

Three changes can be made:

I. Increase the separation of the metal plates
II. Increase V
III. Apply a magnetic field into the plane of the paper
What changes made separately will cause the charged sphere to accelerate?
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
[1]
Markscheme
A

12.
[Maximum mark: 1]
22M.1.HL.TZ1.33
An object of mass m is launched from the surface of the Earth. The Earth has a mass M
and radius r . The acceleration due to gravity at the surface of the Earth is g. What is the
escape speed of the object from the surface of the Earth?
A. √ gr
B. √ 2 gr
C. √ 2 Mgr
D. √ 2 mgr
[1]
Markscheme
B

13.
[Maximum mark: 1]
22M.1.HL.TZ1.34
The graph shows the variation of magnetic flux Φ in a coil with time t .

What represents the variation with time of the induced emf ε across the coil?
[1]
Markscheme
A

14.
[Maximum mark: 1]
22M.1.HL.TZ1.35
A direct current I in a lamp dissipates power P. What root mean square (rms) value of
an alternating current dissipates average power P through the same lamp?
I
A.
2
I
B.
√2
C. I
D. I √ 2
[1]
Markscheme
C
15.
[Maximum mark: 1]
22M.1.HL.TZ1.36
The arrangement shows four diodes connected to an alternating current (ac) supply.
The output is connected to an external circuit.

What is the output to the external circuit?

A. Full-wave rectified current
B. Half-wave rectified current
C. Constant non-zero current
D. Zero current
[1]
Markscheme
D

16.
[Maximum mark: 1]
22M.1.HL.TZ1.37
Three identical capacitors are connected together as shown.
What is the order of increasing total capacitance for these arrangements?
A. P, S, R, Q
B. Q, R, S, P
C. P, R, S, Q
D. Q, S, R, P
[1]
Markscheme
C

17.
[Maximum mark: 1]
22M.1.HL.TZ2.32
Two positive and two negative charges are located at the corners of a square as shown.
Point X is the centre of the square. What is the value of the electric field E and the electric
potential V at X due to the four charges?
[1]
Markscheme
A

18.
[Maximum mark: 1]
22M.1.HL.TZ2.34
Which two features are necessary for the operation of a transformer?

[1]
Markscheme
B

19.
[Maximum mark: 1]
22M.1.HL.TZ2.35
A conducting bar with vertices PQRS is moving vertically downwards with constant
velocity v through a horizontal magnetic field B that is directed into the plane of the page.

Which side of the bar will have the greatest density of electrons?
A. PQ
B. QR
C. RS
D. SP
[1]
Markscheme
D

20.
[Maximum mark: 1]
22M.1.HL.TZ2.36
A circuit consists of three identical capacitors of capacitance C and a battery of voltage V.
Two capacitors are connected in parallel with a third in series. The capacitors are fully
charged.
What is the charge stored in capacitors X and Z?

[1]
Markscheme
C

21.
[Maximum mark: 11]
22M.2.HL.TZ1.8
Two capacitors C1 and C2 of capacitance 28 µF and 22 µF respectively are connected in a
circuit with a two-way switch and a cell of emf 1.5 V with a negligible internal
resistance. The capacitors are initially uncharged. The switch is then connected to position
A.
(a)
Show that the charge stored on C1 is about 0.04 mC.
[1]
Markscheme
Q=¿«CV =1.5 ×28 × 10−6» = 0.042 «mC» ✓

Award MP for full replacement or correct answer to at least 2 significant figures.

The switch is moved to position B.
(b.i)
Calculate the energy transferred from capacitor C1.
[4]
Markscheme
1
E i= × ( 28 × 10 ) ( 1.5 ) =3.15 ×10 «J» ✓
−6 2 −5
2

total capacitance = 50 «μF»

OR
−6
42 ×10
pd = « −6
=¿» 0.84 «V»
50 ×10
OR
charge on C1 after switch moved to B = 0.0235 «mC» ✓

1
Ef = × ( 28 ×10 ) ( 0.84 ) =9.9× 10 «J» ✓
−6 2 −6
2
energy lost ¿ 3.2 ×10−5 −9.9 ×10−6=22 «μJ» ✓
(b.ii)
Explain why the energy gained by capacitor C2 differs from your answer in (b)(i).
[1]
Markscheme
energy transferred to electromagnetic radiation «to environment»
OR
energy is transferred as thermal energy / heat «to circuit components» ✓
A cell is now connected by a switch to a coil X. A second coil Y of cross-sectional area 6.4
cm2 with 5 turns is looped around coil X and connected to an ideal voltmeter.

(c.i)
The switch is closed at time t = 0. Explain how the voltmeter reading varies after the switch
is closed.
[2]
Markscheme
initial deflection by voltmeter falling to zero reading ✓
emf is induced «only» while the field / flux is changing ✓
The graph shows the variation with t of the magnetic flux density B in coil Y.

(c.ii)
Determine the average emf induced across coil Y in the first 3.0 ms.
[3]
Markscheme
ΔΦ ΔB
attempted use of ε = OR NA ✓
Δt Δt
−3 −4
5 × 7.5× 10 ×6.4 × 10
ε= −3 ✓
3 ×10
8.0 «mV» ✓

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