Internet of things

Task:
5. Internet of Things (IoT): Investigate the network of interconnected devices and the
challenges in IoT systems, including networking, data processing, and security. Research
might also cover the applications of IoT in smart homes, industry, and urban infrastructure.

Sources:

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/mpe/2021/9916440/#sec7
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Omkar-Bhat/publication/
330114646_Introduction_to_IOT/links/5c2e31cf299bf12be3ab21eb/Introduction-to-IOT.pdf
I – Introduction

It is basically expansion of services provided by Internet, where the internet is brought to

the physical world via ubiquitous sensors. IoT is still at its infant stages, however it is bound
to have a limit of development, due to infrastructure, communications, interfaces,
protocols, and standard.

II - Architecture

IoT aims to connect every thing in a network to each other . IoT based systems often use the
concepts of SOA (Service Oriented Architecture ), which breaks down a complex system into
distinct, simple objects or subsystems:

The connection of the devices to each other can be observed in four main layers:
- Sensing layer: The sensing layer brings the things to life as they become aware of their
surroundings with their sensors and allows them to be assimilated with an UUID.
- Network layer: This layer is the intelligent part of IoT, as it connects all of the things and
allows them to share data.
- Service layer: The service layer is the most cost-effective platform manipulating
reusable hardware and software, it allows the IoT to find things that can offer a service.
- Interface layer: The interface layer works in the API, and solves the problem of
compatibly of devices of different users.

III – Challenges in IoT systems

The main challenge in IoT systems is privacy and security

IV - IoT application in smart homes

Iot introduces many problems which are connected with the security and privacy of smart
home-owners. Without a human in the loop to manage and correct potential issues, the
concern is that automated systems might not always behave as intended, leading to a lack
of trust in their reliability, for example In case of security breach it is only the owner of the
smart home that is able to take action to protect himself.