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  • خطاب التقريب بين المذاهب الدينية في المجتمعات الاسلامية المعاصرة - حدود الانجاز ومبادئ التطور

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    خطاب-التقريب-بين-المذاهب-الدينية-في-المجتمعات-الاسلامية-المعاصرة_-حدود-الانجاز-ومبادئ-التطور

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    6 views23 pages

    خطاب التقريب بين المذاهب الدينية في المجتمعات الاسلامية المعاصرة - حدود الانجاز ومبادئ التطور

    Uploaded by

    Nur Uho

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 23

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    2008
    36  ‫  א אא   א‬
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     @‫א א‬3X@ ‫­Œא א‬4& ،=@?4+32r*t2MP‫א‬t;‫"`א‬
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    Résumé :
    Le discours du rapprochement entre les doctrines religieuses dans les
    sociétés musulmanes contemporaines
    2008
    37  ‫  א אא   א‬
    Cet article soulève la question de divergences doctrinales religieuses
    qui représente une problématique sérieuse et un défi énorme pour les
    sociétés musulmanes contemporaines.
    Pour analyser cette problématique, la recherche s’était basée sur un
    ensemble de données qu’on a traité en trois axes :
    -Tout en défendant l’idée du besoin du monde musulman à un tel
    rapprochement entre ses doctrines religieuses, le premier axe critique le
    concept du rapprochement qui paraît assez confus et dissimule les vraies
    divergences doctrinales, d’où la nécessité d’une révision du concept actuel.
    -Le deuxième axe rappelle les efforts des partisans du rapprochement
    et leurs réalisations depuis un demi siècle, mais il met en même temps
    l’accent sur le fait du fanatisme doctrinal qui demeure encore vivant et ne
    cesse de se répandre dans quelques sociétés musulmans comme celles de
    l’Irak et l’Iran, ainsi que la marginalisation des minorités doctrinales à
    travers des exemples et des états vécus.
    - Le troisième axe est consacré à des suggestions que nous avons
    présentées sous forme de « principes » et que nous pensons qu’elles
    peuvent faire avancer la marche du rapprochement entre les doctrines
    musulmanes.
     W2F2
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    321F2 ،1979(+‫א‬-‫א‬Ar ‫א‬4 +‫א‬$"W،( ‫"א‬7j‫א‬
     t"1d32M%%2 ،2003‫"^א‬iFhx ،Qr ‫(˜א‬j‫ _א‬D
    `" $ ‫  א‬KPt;‫ א‬$ ‫  א‬,2 $¾ Ht ‫ א‬2E‫ א‬،(Pt2 (8NL ‫א‬W
    0: ,%O6P ، ‫ א‬OE‫א‬32$ ‫[א‬r(Pt;‫א‬+&;‫ ?א‬¤
    3&, ‫  א‬،1%xa  j‫ א‬0  n, ‫ א‬C" ،SW F(! ".a
     K(@E‫א‬MPt2#7,% HDE‫&א‬8 ‫”א‬, *‫א‬
    \% M7  ¨NG g™2 3 (G ".a hF% @ ‫ˆ א‬tP 0 % /
    `! ;‫ א‬32 /‚P [J  6. " n+E‫  א‬¥‚;‫  א‬6. (, ‫  א‬3 ‫ Ž א‬1.
    Xd ‫\ א‬F ‫ א‬32  Axa ‡a #$,  1+ /a ،($;‫ א‬CFy‫;] ? א‬
     2 ،6™;‫= א‬F ‫  א‬MP‫א‬t;‫ "` א‬MF ‫ א‬A& " = t2 1+&2 ” ‫א‬%
     Kg™;‫אא‬xa32:;‫‡א‬a4%DnF2hF%
     WMP‫א‬t;‫"`א‬MF  .y‫ א‬h(P8;‫א‬W/ 
    2008
    38  ‫  א אא   א‬
     Wh(P8;‫א‬  J1
    =F ‫(( א‬$" t2  !$ ‫ " א‬،zD [$% MP‫א‬t;‫ "` א‬MF ‫א‬
     ‫@؟‬E‫א‬#B+ J(WX†!,D2182P!،6™;‫א‬
    +"@6< ‫ א‬Wh\ " _@F_$ ‫=א‬,  ،H^ ‫א‬fE‫(א‬D+32
    ›(F+ _F ‫  א‬،% ™ W _F%  ،^ ;‫ א‬Z%  4 @‫ א‬W _@  ،2 + W
     KE_@A2W2004،0KB23"‫א‬F$ ‫א‬
    CWE‫ א‬CD 2E‫( א‬D% ،MF ‫ א‬32 4F; ،018;‫  א‬/  2
    P ، ‫א‬, ‫א‬h( $% h& ‫~=א‬F ‫א‬32A! ,;‫א א]א‬X"‫א‬r ‫א &( א‬
    X4+ ‫( א‬2Q-‫ א‬MP‫א‬t;‫ "` א‬MF   6;$ ‫ * ( "( א! א‬2
    1+" Œ MP‫א‬t;‫*א‬14+‫•א‬$/(2Q-‫א‬MP‫א‬t;‫"`א‬MF ‫=א‬#
    h1("!(R$ ‫ א‬hP8 ‫ ”א‬Ga `!,;‫! א‬9A7P"،D‫ א‬MPt2
     KE2004،&,(-‫א‬Fh1NF ‫א‬
    N,;‫<](€ א‬%  !$ ‫ א‬W MF " 4F (!$ ‫( א‬s1;‫( א‬D ‫ א‬32
    1(RQ/ ‫\א‬F ‫ €א‬،MP‫א‬t;‫א‬N`"&8 ‫א;<*א‬
     E‫א‬#‫ א !א‬،!$ *n<2(™¾-6$, ‫ א‬،F8 ‫ א‬A(F$ ‫א‬C
    t ،­(4 ‫א‬62Q-‫א < א‬4232| ,;‫(­א‬4 ‫=א‬Po ‫( א‬$7F ‫א‬
    (8N7 ‫ א‬4@a  ،M4$ ‫ א‬3 s ‫  א‬،(2Q-‫ א‬MP‫א‬t;‫ א‬g% `" @8 ‫א‬
    $29‫(א‬2Q-‫א‬AE‫א‬0182F% ،MP‫א‬t;‫¨א‬%`"MF ‫א‬R1" F(\ ‫א‬
     KE161 J160W2005،gKH¾ ‫א‬F@8 ‫א‬gY‫א‬+1"Xr=$"
    :†32cQ7+/‫א‬PMF ‫=א‬A!!'&8;‫©א‬c(, ‫אא‬tP
    MPt; M4$ " ©E‫ א‬MP‫א‬t!  MPt2 68+ 0  ،8 ];‫  א‬A$ ;‫ א‬MP‫א‬t;‫א‬
    ¨ Œ  ˆ,  K E 286 J285  W 5P 1423 ، 0KA!F ˆ‫א‬2 ›  ،D‫א‬
    2 CF 2*W , = ?ˆ$2MF ‫=א‬o $Ht ‫א‬6L ‫א <(א‬
     KE @2W2003،6L ‫א‬F?v‫א‬

    2008
    39  ‫  א אא   א‬
    8 , ‫א‬8$ ‫א‬//((‹2™#h(P8;‫ˆא‬tPA‫@א‬3&)
    *n<;‫א‬3z،6F‫א‬% JQ N‫ א‬JH(D%_7MF ‫=א‬،*t ‫א‬
    `"+Y‫ א‬2@Q1(h(F( 62Q-‫א < א‬42327 ,;‫&א‬8 ‫א‬
     KMP‫א‬t;‫ ?א‬¤
    ،WE‫ א‬F7 ‫ א‬F $;‫א‬#$u6%،H^ ‫א‬k7;‫א‬k 1WMPt;‫א‬2
    ‡a  ,;‫  א‬Pt2  "PŒ  "PŒ MPŒ W  Š8  32 k <2 ? MPt2? ­742
    A2،0KB23"‫א‬F$%‫א‬#$uMPt;"MPt† ،H ‫Œ ¨א‬1(©H،‫א‬t*
     KEMPŒ
    ‡a  ,;‫ א‬H&8 ‫! א‬$ ‫ א‬+" MPt;‫ א‬R$ ،6DQ7W/‫ א‬#$;‫ א‬
    (;‫  א‬E‫ א‬32 P[J  ،f(F ‫  א‬g-‫  א‬, ‫ א & _  א‬32 6< ‫א  ( א‬
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    " !$  (W   2 k(F ‫  א‬f ‫ א‬$" 12 ‫א‬4] ‫  א‬،Q2$;‫א‬
     KEfK0،&,(-‫א‬Fh1%‫א‬1 ."  @‫א‬3; ،h1,8+E
     WMF  .y‫ א‬J2
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     ("+&2`"_»Fg <2‡a=&2šD$—،&8 ‫(( א‬, ‫א‬
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    %‫א‬:+ 32 r* %‫ @א‬R: ,% 62Q-‫Ž א‬$ ‫ א א(  א‬Qj‫א‬
    ،(s(%‫א‬n-‫א אא‬:*234 ‫א‬F ‫"=א‬F J/   K(.j‫א‬
    À"(™;‫א‬,!j‫א‬F$ ‫א‬CQ6(N‫א‬-‫ א‬$ ‫ א‬2g‫א‬4 ‫=א \א‬
    =(22,5‡aW (‫א א‬%‫א‬W# F ‫`=א‬D،(1G?  N2
     KE @2،2007،0KG"F( @
    !(l‫  א‬r! ;‫ א‬D E‫ א‬M7F ‫ א‬A(  ، R9‫; א‬$ ‫( א‬% = !*
    #2 ، (, ‫‹ א‬/‫( א‬1+‫ א‬$" . h4]* 0Q-‫  א ( א‬،(&2E‫א‬
    (D "Dœa ،M,&,X,( _D A ™ M7F ‫אא‬tP#

    2008
    40  ‫  א אא   א‬
    ،– KX!P 3"F (Pt;‫ א‬Qj‫ א‬t+ h S 2 P  ،NF  (!(@  $2
     KE212 J211W2005
    # C$% 62Q-‫Ž א‬$ ‫ א‬2 "D  _^ ‫( א‬s(%‫א‬n‫ = א‬#8w /
    2 P  ‫ א א ؛‬32 @‫א‬n‫  א‬$™- ‡  D!* (Pt;‫ א‬%Q ˜(.%
    #62Q-‫א‬7j‫‚†? א‬2PF  ‫? א &! א‬b +"?"Rn‫א‬
    z(D،200624‡a21`"2(:%PF$;‫?א‬A ;‫א‬/ ‫( א‬N‫א‬a
    6», ‫"`א (א‬g‫א‬4 ‫ @ א‬#h –0Q-‫ א‬Jv‫ א‬2g‫א‬4 ‫‡=א‬aG
    # ("^ ‫ א‬N‫ א  א‬$% ©2  F;‫ˆ א‬tP *‚%  K 6$(< ‫  א ( א‬6"P ‫א‬
    ‫א‬W_^ ‫(א‬s(%‫א‬n‫א‬32 D!*،‫א א‬3262Q-‫א‬KPt;‫[א‬s8 ‫א‬
     KE @2W2007،fK€@2FK62Q-‫Žא‬$ ‫ א‬2
    (; A& ^ a ‡a H‚% @ (Pt;‫ א‬87W/‫‡ Œ ¨ = א‬a R\
    1+E،(Pt;‫א‬P 2A12XW ‫א &(א‬hP326P ،0Q-‫א‬
     KA[*."`!,;‫א‬0,F+"6D%
    P‫א‬ ‫ ( א‬y‫ א‬1 ^(4"  J ‫\א‬y‫א א‬D  F2  = ™n‫Œא א‬a
    ‫אא‬D ¨ Œ @ M7  [E‫א א‬tP 2 ‫א‬y‫ ¬= א‬،(W  (™  J _^ ‫א‬
    *$;‫  א‬A@ ?@2  62Q-‫Ž א‬$ ‫ &= א‬# D ،(2Qa  J(2Qa
    ‫א‬y‫א‬LMF ‫אא‬tP=&=6^،© ,;‫אא‬tlF%/‫  (א‬K‫א‬y‫א‬
     KMF   .D6*:2P ،s 2 /$
    F ‫ \ א‬n( ،MF   .y‫ א‬o Ht ‫ א‬H4 @/‫ א‬È,;‫ א‬2
     $ ‫ א‬2 ‫א‬W  »!‹ 62Q-‫Ž א‬$ ‫‡ =  א‬a G Ht ‫* א‬t ‫ ? א‬, ‫א‬
    ‫א‬4 ‫ˆ א‬N,X^"!("،/ =(" 300(™;‫א‬, ‫א‬CQ6+(14 ‫א‬
    •$ / MF ‫ ¨ ¬= א‬t ،E 2007 ،0 KG"F /  =% 1,2 PD  (‫א א‬
     K(2Q-‫א‬2q 4 @/‫א‬,‚;‫"א‬Aa"،(2Q-‫א‬MP‫א‬t;‫א‬MF%|F
     WBDQ2 J3

    2008
    41  ‫  א אא   א‬
    MF ‫ א‬g <2 ‡a 62Q-‫Ž א‬$ ‫ א‬.D *‚% F", ‫א א‬G‚;‫* א‬
    ‫א‬tP   ‫ ؛‬MF   ‡ E‫א א‬7j‫  א‬,& 2 P  ،(2Q-‫ א‬MP‫א‬t;‫"` א‬
    1. 32 (F ‫ א‬,‚;‫› א‬$"  t" 2 & = @$  3&) / ،4 ‫א‬
    4 ‫א א‬tP  *t+  ،1 (  ' hJ (L ˜N + 3 8 A!'
    ،1947  APF " X, ‫( ? א‬2Q-‫ א‬MP‫א‬t;‫ "` א‬MF ‫œŒš ? א א‬
    #X" ،PYE‫!א‬32! 6!F ‫א‬3 ‫א‬6F%!'2Q$ ‫א‬32Au
    `" MF   6!$ ‫   א! א‬#8w / !* K? 0Q-‫א  ?   א‬Wa
    3 ¨(P+ ،1984  XO<+ ‫ א‬6Nj‫ א‬02-‫ א‬,‚2  =‫א‬17" MP‫א‬t;‫א‬
    C‫!­ א‬, / © ,‚2  ،=»!$" 62Q-‫& א‬8  X( ‫ א‬C~ ,‚2
     KC "/ P*t"
    ©  8  PYE‫š ! א‬2a APF " MF ‫ א א‬1.  3 ›]† @
    ‘  G (< ‫   © א‬W  ،H4;‫( א‬4]< ‫ א‬C‫א‬DE‫= א‬+@  ($(< ‫א‬
    ،E 225 W 1991 ،0K6!F ‫ א‬F =F;‫ א‬F8 ‫ א‬A2 3!™ 6$(< ‫ א‬F8 ‫ א‬b " ¼‫א‬
    `" B ‫ א‬1.  C% 1( Á (! (F 2  ‫‚†א‬2  ‫ א‬+ X!B+ !*
     KMP‫א‬t;‫א‬
    ? , ‫ א‬6!(P8;‫ א‬Y1s  ()F% "F2 32 @Q7+‫  א‬،¨ Œ 2 3&
    32 ! =¬ ،MF ‫‡ א‬a ;‫  א‬.D  /‫` א‬$" tE‫ א‬2 ،*t ‫א‬
     W12*t+،MF ‫א‬A[,;€8 2  2HE3$%BDQ;‫א‬
    x  ™ F ،!$ ‫ * א‬g¬" ŠS Ž MF ‫ א‬g™2 =a J1
    A& = CF ‫ א‬D‡a MPŒ Ht ‫ א‬Hx& ‫ א‬P‫א‬Y !' 02-‫ * <( א‬h12
    KE 218 W1994،Y  KHx& ‫א‬F (8HP‫ = א‬،P<2A&MF ‫א‬
    6&, ‫(?'!א‬7 ‫@א <(א‬32™$2KF ‫א‬g <;‫א‬6F !*
    &8;‫ א‬3Q\ ،42 !$ ‫ * א‬H\،R!' (< ‫א‬
    [,8% F(Da# 1L<+:(*%?MF ‫?אא‬F +‫א‬Ht ‫א‬61 ‫'!א‬
    MPŒ"  KE 439 W1982،0 K61 ‫א‬F،=~F ‫ (א‬a2‡aA ‫א‬C"$(< ‫א‬

    2008
    42  ‫  א אא   א‬
    7-X^ ‫א‬ ‫א‬MF ‫א‬7j2^;‫א¡* א‬F7;"CF ‫‡א‬a›$ ‫א‬
    01%/‫¨א‬W(.% 2،Q(W‫&א (&א‬8 ‫א‬$. ،(< ‫א‬8WL ‫א‬
    ‫א‬tPg.a#»M4=6^MF ‫"=א‬h: ‫ א‬،L [< "6$(< ‫ (א‬
     KE281 J280،175W2š،=KH8F ‫א‬Fky‫˜א‬12‡a( ‫א‬
    ،MF ‫ א‬A&8  `"F ‫! א‬$ ‫ "` א‬# D HP. $% \ à J2
    `" . ‫ ;@< א‬،‫א‬y‫ א‬AN‫  א‬v‫ א‬Z‫א‬Ga  =$+) / 3t ‫א‬
     MPt;‫אא‬tP_W1DL ‫&א‬E‫›א‬3X8<*،(Pt;‫א (אא‬
    !¡ (y‫ א‬12 (< ‫א א‬F +‫ א‬6%% 4 ‫א א‬tP    K1™$% M," Z‫Œא‬
    ( &G-  9$2  7 ^;‫š _ א‬1 +"  ˆa !1 2 ،¼‫` \ א‬,D
    –6D ¨ Œ=E?$(< ‫"?א‬F2 ? ("P ‫­?א‬742  !$ "¨ Œ ،MF ‫א‬
    =  RQj‫‚ ( א‬,2 !  », ‫ א‬32 ‫א‬D‫  א‬L = #  J ˆB+ 1.  32
    – ($(< ‫ א‬.‫ ™^| א;א‬X‹ $.‫א‬%  ˆF +‫  *! א‬K©E‫( א‬, ‫ א‬R‫א‬LE‫א‬
    6"` 8(j‫א‬32?@;‫ א‬,26P ،KPt;‫א‬RQj‫א‬,y‫א‬7F ‫א‬#
    ­(4 ‫א‬C E‫א‬k7 ‫‡א‬aA$ 6$(< ‫[ˆא‬B+(y‫ –א <(א‬K! &"
    K‫א‬P: ‫!א‬LA(, ‫™ א‬,*xD32o%2
    !$ ‫› א‬$" 32 ‫א‬F +/‫ א‬32 !9 MF ‫ א‬A& X™$% ،r;"
    W Å4;  h1F k(™ M," ،`F8 ‫ א‬Q* 32 ` 2: ;‫`  א‬4$ ;‫א‬
    ‘ G(< ‫[א‬$%M,Dh1NF +!™ ،RQ /‫@  א‬8 ‫א‬1+ ¾
    R1 ,%1+# ›$ ‫@א‬32MF ‫א‬R‫א‬P %Á ،%‫Œא‬X@ ‫  א‬K¼‫א‬
     KE @253WšKH(1GF.MPt2c ‫ א‬h1P‫א‬t23`!,;‫א‬6‰
    MP‫א‬t;‫ א‬P. `" RQ P !( 4% / (Pt;‫ א‬Qj‫= א‬a J3
    h18@‫א‬2 M," MP‫א‬t;‫ א‬g% `" Qj‫‡ א‬a ˆ‫א‬$ % " ،M, (2Q-‫א‬
    32 = 4 2  ،= & 2 M,"  ،(Pt;‫ א‬h1%($.; +(D \@;‫א‬
    = S 3t ‫ א‬MP‫א‬t;‫ א‬32 3< ;‫› א‬$"  2E‫א א‬tP #s   K ©  
    \$;‫ˆ א‬tP #s %  K ‫א‬y‫ א‬1( 0$ F(! Q ‡a (Pt;‫ א‬Q /‫א‬

    2008
    43  ‫  א אא   א‬
    _: ‫ א‬32 g+ ‡a ©  8 ‫א  א‬v‫ א‬MF% z(D  ،$2 $(< ‫  א‬, ‫ א‬P 
    6(, ‫א‬M4$ ‫  א‬،C ;‫ א‬k(,8 ‫[ א‬8& ‫ א‬H 12 ½Rs Ht ‫א‬KPt;‫א‬
     K2;‫א‬6! ./‫א‬M] ‫ א‬،#!E‫א‬
    W`(F ‫אא‬DQ2‫ א‬HB ‫" א‬7 ‫א‬J J4
    = HB ‫א‬C‫א‬A42XdMP‫א‬t;‫"`א‬MF ‫ א‬,2=ŠDQ
    ] ‫ א‬P % É Xd D 7 ‫ א‬hB$! ،k(7 ‫ ½ א‬1FL — =
    1(M^%c‫ א‬6P ،(F ‫ !‚†אא‬0F%c‫& א‬G#6%% ،;$ ‫א‬
    =*  ،‫א‬y‫ ~א_ א‬C   Q /‫¨ א‬% C: ‰ 2  J  ،Q2‫א‬
    #$;" (&G  6!(F ‫ א‬#$;" (@Q 6P 3  ;‫( "` א‬E‫א;<& א‬
    o!  22 J20F Cr;‫ ( א‬# 3 ‫‚† א‬2  D 2 P  ،6N‫א‬.-‫א‬
    ,(D#F%?(W%? 3†‚;‫"`א‬c$" ‫¨א;‚†א‬% hB$2 61 % KE2003
    ‡a1FL—== ،!]8 ‫א‬c8 ‫א‬+ W ‫  @א;‚†א‬F^;‫א‬R^ ‫א‬
     K[PA&­4 C %/hx32 ،f ‫א‬2
    `"(F(Fy‫א‬Qj‫א‬3231 ‫ˆא;‚†אא‬tP#M^،©1.32
    `"@Q$ ‫—ˆא‬K ‡a6\82P ،1(n, ‫ א‬PY — ،MP‫א‬t;‫א‬
    /(8( %"7#•% |! ‫אא‬t1"MF ‫­!(א‬4  ،MF ‫א‬R‫א‬L
    Q /‫ א‬B  ،E @2 2003 ،0 KM(7j‫א‬F B ‫ א‬C‫@א‬E‫  א‬D ^%
     KlD#(E‫א‬
    f =" ‫@א‬-‫ א &(  א‬A9‫ א‬1  b(  (F ‫* א‬y‫= א‬a J5
    6P ،CWE‫›א‬$""،(8 ‫( א‬1F8 ‫א‬Q /‫א‬3!&/Q /‫א‬
     Kz ‫אא‬tP326+r ‫א¡א‬1( a$ ‫א‬A[7j‫ א‬,;‫א‬
    [17% ،MF ‫א‬0182$.‫א‬2A ™‡a$%‫א‬G‚;‫ˆא‬tP* J6
    6^ ‫(א‬F(Fy‫& (א‬G-‫ א‬CDn, ‫ א‬b ‫א‬C&G*32& ,2
    D42 " ،?L‫א‬$ ‫ א‬1"  ,% (F 2  |F b(  MF  K1 9$2
    MP‫א‬t;‫ "` א‬MF ‫ א‬P _7;‫ א‬b(  KRQ /‫ א‬P. b† 8G&2

    2008
    44  ‫  א אא   א‬
    2#4@  ،i /‫( א‬s12   ˆ42MPt2& =Œa ،(2Q-‫א‬
    g%`"$ ‫א‬P(2Q-‫א‬2E‫(א‬D% MF  .y‫א‬dˆ¾a3&)
    RP ­4 ¨ t"  Kv‫ א‬C@ ،P9‫ א‬1%Q ‫ א‬hJ Z‫  Œא‬MPt;‫א א‬tP
    M$4(Q‫א‬F $2`" !9‫א‬Pb(   J @‫א א‬P‫*א‬aX‹  JMF ‫א‬
    P ،^ ‫ א‬M4$ ‫א‬t+  ،$ ‫ = א‬$ ‫ א‬8 E‫א‬¥2Ga"،1(" !9‫א‬
    2 hJ • ‫ א‬k‫א א א‬tP r;  (2 < ‫ א‬A78 ‫= א‬E ،k(F ‫ א‬3&ª 2
    ‫א‬tP k(F  A ‫_ א‬W  !$ ‫Œא — א‬a W ،F Q 32 1("
    32t ‫ א‬،$2($ "CF ‫  א‬،v‫א‬0‫א‬nD‫א‬# ,Ht ‫א‬6<$ ‫א‬¥;‫א‬
    K($< ‫א‬i E‫ אא‬8 ‫^א‬2
      ،MF ‫ א‬19 LDa   ‫• א‬$% / *t ‫ א‬8 , ‫ א‬BDQ;‫= א‬a
    A:1. ]  ،‫א‬t ‫  א‬,2 R1 , F+  " ،g <;‫= א‬G 32 WF+a
    hF%CQ32r* y‫ˆא‬tP­\  ،(Pt ‫[~ (א "[א‬7% h(P8;‫א‬
     K0( ‫א‬KPt;‫א‬62Q-‫Žא‬$ ‫'¨ א@ א‬#g <;‫אא‬tP
     W @‫א=א א‬:(2(2Q/‫א‬MP‫א‬t;‫"`א‬MF ‫א‬D LW(+x
     WQ /‫&א‬,;‫ א‬J1
    #!(!((F%(2Q-‫א‬MP‫א‬t;‫"`א‬MF ‫א‬g <2h((F%(!0: ,%
     W212»M =»&% ‫א‬Q /‫א‬32` ,2`":((! ‫א‬، @‫'¨א א‬
    6P 6P  ،CWE‫  = א‬g 8 ‫ א‬b† ‫( א‬1F8 ‫( א‬Pt;‫ א‬Q /‫ א‬J
    KPt;‫ א‬RQ /‫ Œ ¨ = א‬،H\D  Fx Ž *  ($(L  (W APd
    & *D P œa  ،  <%  @:†  2,F+‫ א‬b(  68 ‫ א‬#$;‫א א‬t1"
    L-‫ א‬3!™ ©« ‫  א‬Z‫  א;א‬01E‫ "` א‬RQ ‫ א‬.  2 ،!s,2 ($(L
    (1F8 ‫א‬Q /‫א‬C@‫א‬:(! 2Å4 ‫?א‬, ‫א‬0»@@ K 29‫א‬D‫א א‬
    02-‫ א‬3 6$< ‫ א‬02-‫ א‬%  KPt ‫Š א‬y‫ Œ* א‬K? ];‫ א‬0‫א‬nD‫א‬
    ،6$< ‫ א‬32 F X 2 ? W C@ + "W D b+ #2 6" Šy‫א‬

    2008
    45  ‫  א אא   א‬
    / ،#2 "  W C@ hx H(" t •(F  @n‫ א‬hx  ,2  2 %d+
     KE15W10š،KPt ‫א‬F?‫ ؟‬,2k8 +Ž=a +‫א‬a=&+=h(F ,
    hB$2 ?   ‫א‬kNFD ?" *6™ ‫א  א <?א‬، 1.32
    M *3!™8(4%(M$4_ & ’F ‫=א‬# D،, ‫א‬P#% 2
     K$(< ‫ א‬, ‫א‬P
    A ˜‰  .D h,2  H] ‫= א‬22-‫ Ž ¾ א‬،/‚P ‫א‬J #
    H Sh,2_ *=‫א‬CF ‫‡א‬a€6L(, ‫=א‬# D$(< ‫א‬32A‫  א‬zD
     KEfK0،&,(,-‫א‬F($(G8+#
    `8 ];‫א‬#‫ א‬t! %،Z‫ Œא‬MPt;‫אא‬tP31 ‫א‬32‫[א‬r*=a ‫א‬tP
    ،,8+ MPt;‫! א‬N `" +(D 0F RQ /‫ " *= א‬K 61F8 ‫ א‬MPt;‫  א‬hl
    $ 8(D " 02- ،6$(G Ž 1 .‫ א‬32 M@ • Ž 1 .‫(&= א‬
    P3202a!PQ*= 2،6$< ‫‡א‬a2N,;‫›א‬$": ‫‡א‬a_@
    ،0 K$&< ‫ א‬F _‫א‬4 ‫ א‬3 J‫א‬Y !1+ ©  `22-‫ א‬F 2 F  Ž  ،, ‫א‬
     KE531W2003
    h1+¬،©(\@ ،Q] h1 «(™"E‫א‬RQ ‫א‬hJ
    W 1988،g ،!$2 F  ‫(   א א‬7" , ‫ א‬P F  ‡a _@ h11F = o $
     KE24
     : $;‫ !  א‬،D‫ א א‬MPt;‫  א‬DE‫ א‬AB ‫ א  < א‬Xx @
    6$(< ‫א‬MPt;‫!(` א‬L8 ‫ ' א‬،`($ ‫א‬32Y(2Q& ‫א‬h1 « 
     KC7%r2E‫ א‬،1"W#(j‫< א‬8 ‫א‬CŒ.،42 _^;"
    O( ‫א‬Y‫א‬a (!‫א‬1 .‫א‬A( 6P(1F8 ‫א‬Q /‫ˆא‬tPr2=a
    ©­ 82 »D6! .‫א‬¥2 (F(D#(  ،W(7$2  2
    ،h$ ‫ א‬k7;‫א‬# ,2‫א‬Dk(7%`!,! ”% ،1 ./‫!(א‬7%‡a
     Kv‫א‬68+ $(7F ‫א‬C&G*3($"

    2008
    46  ‫  א אא   א‬
     ]   s ‫א א‬tP * 6 , / 62Q-‫Ž א‬$ ‫ ¨ ¬=  א@ א‬t
    MF ‫‚†א א‬2 $  KH\D 7% WD (4‹ 32 $% (1F Q ‫א‬
    32:%"،`!,;‫א‬1dh4F%/(Q ‫א‬CDR8 /‫œŒšא‬,—
     K61F8 ‫א‬hl‫א‬x
    Q /‫א‬6PlH4 ‫‡א‬a`!,;‫ š א@ א‬S ‫א‬Q /‫=א‬a
    1%7 32=»1 ،l %0SP"L#F%=3&)/ ‫ א‬،CWE‫א‬
    6P ،E 2007، 0K3 ‫א‬bÊFMPt2*?(W4?321+$ŒX‹
     W`(` !<%Q ‫א‬
     6,(N ‫ א   א‬22-‫ א‬# € ‫ ( א‬M$  Ht ‫ א‬6(, ‫ א‬C‫ א‬J
    (% 1(" 32 (Pt2 ‫(א‬%  c A ‡a `!,;‫ א‬h,@ RQ P  ،RQj‫א‬
    4@a &" 6"$(K!9‫ א‬, ‫א‬P  : $;‫ א‬O.;‫ א‬$(< ‫אš א‬j‫א‬
    M," =8 3" =!r  F2  8(F, ‫ א‬g! .‫  א‬Qj‫ א‬32 M L 6" 3" 6
    (( 2‫ א‬1* ،h(& ‫  א‬,2 hx  $2  6 4+ `" 24j‫א‬
    4 2(Pt2‫(א‬%‡ah12,F+‫!` א‬,;‫א‬AD [*¥G3X\]†
     K
    8G (%  ‫א‬$ ‫א‬Axa &<;‫א‬k(!$%32((, ‫א‬Qj‫א א‬Y
    SHt ‫א‬6w ‫א‬1x‫א‬% ،Wj‫א‬1%($.28NL& ­W# D،RQj‫א‬
     K‫א‬PE‫ א‬M4$ "
    =)-‫[ ( @\( א‬x Ht ‫ א‬C‫ א‬P  ،NF$ ‫  א‬6F ‫ א‬C J_
    ˆ ‫©א‬2 ،=)-‫(א‬$2CQ3212182 ،( . '8& ‫א‬
    0 0 =)-‫ א‬32 ‫א‬:. !$ ‫  א  א‬، =, " ‫@א‬a  MF " k4% 
    M—=‫א‬1L‫ א‬AFHt ‫א‬MF  6;$ ‫*!=א! א‬K¨ Œ ‫א‬
    6$(< ‫א א‬n ‫ א‬M * 1+: ‰ ‫ א‬k(,8 ‫[  א‬8& ‫ א‬0&D ”L =v‫ א‬y
    3t ‫" א‬4 ‫ א‬8&% ‫ א‬0&DE K22-‫\( א‬F" X7%‫א‬ ‫  א‬،•, ‫א‬
    AD  P ‫(א‬E‫א‬Q\$;‫©א‬Da6PM L6"3" 6Q‫ א‬

    2008
    47  ‫  א אא   א‬
    8&% ‫א‬0&DE‫›א‬$"1r2 ،0( ‫א‬# D Qj‫א‬4t262Q-‫Žא‬$ ‫א‬
     Cy‫ א‬P !* ›‫ א  א‬+  h1$\%  •, ‫א א‬n ‫ א‬M *  $(< ‫א‬
    (< ‫( א‬,s ‫א‬hP% ‫אא‬v‫›א‬$"3¨(P+،`(8, ‫א‬323< ;‫›א‬$"
     KEfK0،0KA!F(l-‫אא‬t
    ،$(< ‫ א‬, ‫"`א‬F$ ‫א‬Q /‫ א‬k!30r ‫ ©†(|א‬,2
    ‹(D+!P/ W` (D+32, hPB26s1;‫א‬h1Q ‫א‬#s %
    , ‫א‬$(LP.Q ‫“א‬z(D، ‫אא‬tP(s12 , ‫א‬32X"r ‫א‬
    P 3  2 =* 2 /a », ‫ א‬32 $(< ‫ א‬F / Œa W `7 ‫   © א‬F;‫א‬
    , ‫א‬hB$2=r)3t ‫"א‬4 ‫א‬3H 2& 4@a•$2P ،X( ‫א‬
     K, ‫א‬P©  F;‫א‬
    », ‫  א‬D h(%  `Pt;‫ "` א‬RQ /‫  א‬r!  (+r ‫ א‬2
    $  C@ |F b(  !<   y‫ˆ א‬tP =77) $(< ‫ “ א‬z(D ،($< ‫א‬
    ‫א‬tP r! K04$;‫ א‬02-‫ א‬F%  $  C@  \ œa  ،EF C ‫ א‬F%
    C ‫ א¼   א‬CF  Y‫א‬2 .!*  J<" hP  – !NE‫ א‬C‫ @א‬hF 4 ‫א‬
    ،6D ‫ א‬g7F+‫  א‬A ‫ א‬h  A&8" /Qa &< ª ،0Q, ‫  א‬AQ4 ‫( א‬
     K @‫ א א‬#AF$2»7202MF ‫א‬$¾
    ،=~F ‫  ‹? א‬,u A;‫ˆ א‬tP k$ % © F »72 Yo% ،r;"
    ”F== E5P328F•(& ‫א‬P‫ א‬ ‫אא ? א‬tPCD& ‫ אא‬
     $L@ !,D0: , ،#$2 P%‫א? " א‬+E‫  ?ƒ א‬6,‫” א‬W  ،1(
    ?42 ? _ #!, 2 4} \ •(& ‫(¨ !»   א‬P+ ، ,;‫ˆ א‬tP
    ;1(h,y‫א‬6^ ، @‫ א א‬#,%&NG(\@\ˆt1،?!L
    CF$;‫א‬32b( ،$(< ‫ א‬, ‫אא‬F $2`"c8%A7321%(L `"!‹
    ¨< ‫א‬32AŒ#F%= ،¼‫* _א‬CD|^ ‫אא‬t1"­!,=_F%Hd
     KE @22003،0KM(7j‫א‬F D

    2008
    48  ‫  א אא   א‬
    ،` 8 , ‫ ` א‬7;‫ א‬3 A7 F% / r x F »72 ¨ Œ ‡a R\
    MP‫א‬t;‫ א‬N =  ˆ1B"(22-‫ א‬$(< ‫ א‬F $ Ht ‫  א‬,;‫ א‬02-‫  א‬,2 6P
    Ž 02-‫  "  = א‬,;‫ˆ א‬tP 32 =»1 ›$ ‫Œא *= א‬a  K©E‫( א‬2Q-‫א‬
    ،E530W2003،0K$&< ‫א‬F(? É k8 +=3&)ˆ1d ،$"1B
    sF7"l  % ،( &G-‫א‬, %&< ‫אא‬t1" ,;‫©=«א‬++¬
    3 A($" D L 3  ،MP‫א‬t;‫ "` א‬F(!$ ‫ א‬Qj‫ א‬Axa 0 R1"
     KKKKMP‫א‬t2= 23&%Aa6P ، @‫א א‬
     WKPt;‫א‬68N7 ‫א‬by‫א‬62% J2
    KPt;‫ א‬68N7 ‫ א‬by‫ א‬#2% 3 0( ‫ א‬62Q-‫Ž א‬$ ‫&<?  א@ א‬
    @ K2003‫"^א‬iFt2c‫א‬$ ‫א‬4j‫א‬# ،B X82&<"
    % ‫א‬32A$ 2P<2Y(Pt2 ((87W‫&א‬G¨ Œ#—
     K *‫(א;א‬2Q-‫א‬s\ ‫א‬M,"ˆ@ ‫א‬Y‫א‬Ht ‫?א‬$ ‫א‬
    `4$ 2`!,2H"c‫א‬$ ‫א‬A$ ‫ א‬X" .,;‫א‬X@nD‫א‬F
    =("H !,+ F+Ž ،"‫א‬2@2o%#68N7 ‫א‬3< ‫ א‬M\^ ‫א‬h1‘
    .,26P ‫א‬.,! , "c‫א‬$ ‫א‬X4D ‫*א‬1 +/‫א‬0S­W
     *‚% `!,;‫ ! א‬O(P X(F"  ،$(< ‫»  א‬,  .,2 X,(  ،¼‫א‬
    X"X@ ‫ Œאא‬K», ‫א‬P[2%R1 ,%(8NL7. #1%+("
    ‫ @  <א‬3 8 ª ،]]8;‫(א א‬, ‫ א‬X4+  ، \ ($(< ‫א;א@ א‬
    A[,2  A7 H ­& ª ،Z‫  Œא‬MPt;‫א א‬tl `! ;‫" א‬E‫ א‬32 R/v‫א‬
     K_F ‫א‬
     W_F ‫אא‬2`"_ s ‫א‬0  J2
    $(< ‫  ©!א‬X،1947APF "?MF ‫?אא‬b(%t2
    (!PE‫א‬32h(BM+.#© W ،H4;‫(א‬4]< ‫א‬C‫א‬DE‫=א‬+@
     "r ‫(א‬2Q-‫א‬MP‫א‬t;‫א‬f#$ ‫א‬Y‫א‬.CD¼‫ ‘א‬G(< ‫א‬32
    Fb%PYE‫*!@א‬K<#x-‫(א‬22-‫א‬$(< ‫א‬MPt212 ،CWE‫א‬

    2008
    49  ‫  א אא   א‬
    2š ،1978،g Kh(B$ ‫ א‬F M4$% [J 32 1$(G  1( (2Q-‫ א‬MP‫א‬t;‫א‬
     KE188 J187W
    Ž+/a،^ ‫ ?א‬¤‡a G(< ‫ ©א‬$(< ‫!א‬h.%@
    32 D‫  א‬X8 Ž  K($(< ‫ א‬.‫ א;א‬32 .2 H 32 l Ad2 ©  H 4%
    (, ‫( א‬1F8 ‫ א‬MP‫א‬t;‫ א‬F k  6$(< ‫ א‬h,;‫ א‬2$%  $% Y‫ א‬$(< ‫! א‬
    1!9‫=   א‬a " K($;‫ א‬R‫א‬LE‫ "` * א‬/ 2 MF ‫ &= א‬# D
    Pt2H8$9‫א‬MPt;‫א‬$.D‡aMPŒ@(2Q-‫א‬Ar ‫א‬$"4 ‫(א‬+‫א‬-‫א‬
    ‫א‬tP # 7 !( P[(^% Y¾ / ¨ Œ F% ‫ א‬A;‫ = א‬# €
    » +  ، 
     K_F ‫א‬3z ‫א‬A [W 1.a#!$2P ،Ef،0KA!F  ‫א‬
     Wv‫א‬MPt;‫א‬g%E$;‫  ©א‬8 ‫אא‬Wa  J3
    ،!$ ‫› א‬$"  ‫ א‬KPt;‫ א‬3< ‫א א@ \ = א‬  # ŠDQ
    b((,% = F $+  K v‫ א‬MPt;‫ א‬g% ™ $F2  ( ©   ‫ א‬W
    |3»$% ‫  ©א‬8 ‫"`א‬32 KR7 ‫אא‬tP @ 32‫א‬Y(Pt;‫אא‬4 ‫א‬
    AW2 1( 0». ‫ א‬3o. ¼‫(  © א <(  א‬Pt;‫((  א‬, ‫ א‬c‫ א‬E‫א‬
    #  ،2006032Y( 6+(14 ‫ א‬$ ‫ א‬21™ ‫"א‬D¼‫_א‬:D
    3=.›‫   א‬J–h1+E4 "¼‫_א‬:Dg%E ‫א‬Y‫א‬.0$"
    g <2<#C%\A[7 ,2ˆtP ،E @220030،0KM(7j‫א‬F;‫א‬
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     WL‫ ©א;א‬,2#(Pt;‫@(א‬E‫!(א‬1% J4
    3?<&%،62Q-‫Žא‬$ ‫=א‬,+-‫א‬cFD7j4DAB+=a
    ? ‰2&DA7(X‹.% ‫(א‬Pt;‫@(א‬E‫א‬cFD#6F(FD3—
    3&)/6  " ،C  ‫א‬RQ "? w¨ Œ=hJ،KPt;‫ !א‬+/‫א‬h1
    ‫א‬t1"L‫@א;א‬Q3< K62Q-‫Žא‬$ ‫א‬2&y‫( א‬#1!(!$%
    17™/‫ א‬C:$ ‫  א‬t " !*y‫[ א‬J MP‫א‬t;‫ א‬32 ‫א‬E‫› א‬$" $G &< ‫א‬

    2008
    50  ‫  א אא   א‬
    H‚ ª ،  ‫ א‬M( ‫ א !(  א;<*   א‬C  =2y‫  א‬،6(, ‫א‬
     K("$ ‫א‬C  ‫›א‬$"D!*g< ‫™א‬8 +‫‡א‬a+(D
     WMP‫א‬t;‫א‬b((,%  J4
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    _" 1G  ،M4$ ‫א  א‬$ ‫ א‬$@  1" #F    ،( ‫ א‬PWF2 3
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    $;‫א‬0B ‫א‬1 [,8% (1F (rD˜P2 ™ ‡a62Q-‫א‬3L ‫א‬
    _ & ‫א‬32#F ,;‫א‬fF;‫א‬0Q-‫א‬1"Wr†Wz(ƒ،0Q¿
     K, ‫" & _ א‬l@Q/((1.% @‫א א‬6P!("،, ‫א‬
    \ ,+ = 3&) KPt;‫  א‬6(, ‫א א א "` א‬tP # šŒ!*
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    ="6Dª،?0Q-‫?אא‬H:];‫א א@ א‬3 32+‫­א‬W!;‫א‬
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    1"0F ‫א <[א‬/ '=< ‫אא‬tP*t   KZ‫ Œא‬MPt;‫אא‬tPg%
    6(, ‫Œ א‬8 ‫ א‬62 " X7%‫* א‬D 6P  ،(, ‫ א‬Q ‫  א‬6$(< ‫א ( א‬
    ‫א‬tP»$ K5P1979t2( ‫א‬1 2&D (+‫א‬-‫א‬1!9‫א‬0(@$"=‫א‬-
     2 ‫א @ —"א‬+* 3t ‫ א‬, ‫› ! א‬$" M+. 32 @ $   x 2
    ^232‫ א‬tD،@E‫א‬# ¨ Œ3‫א‬$.‫א‬%=‫א‬r 23& ،MF ‫א‬A&
    A22[J»+Ht ‫א‬H ™F ‫א <(?א‬$!*MF ‫א‬A&<

    2008
    51  ‫  א אא   א‬
    ›$" M,&% @ ‫ א <[ א‬A7 ‡a %‫א‬d2  %"‫א‬s ‫  א‬%" *
     KMF ‫א‬g <u­(7%@A ‫ א‬%1& ،4+E‫א‬
     ‫ א‬3 ?<&% ،62Q-‫ א א@ א‬1,&$ ‫ א‬P<;‫ˆ א‬tP =a
    32Y   @‫ ! = א א‬،=@ ?4+ 32 r*E  2‫א‬ ‫ א‬MF ‫ א‬D L
     K1 G<P &E‫א‬k!©2f(F (F2o $2YE‫א‬
     W ‫א‬% J7
    32 €] % Ž 1+ AW$;‫( א‬2Q-‫ א‬$! ‫ א‬A‫ @א‬CQ 32 
    %8W"8‹u(2Q-‫(א‬Pt ‫א א‬1» ‫!(&א‬, ‫א‬F7 ‫א‬
    (W8% B+ F ©E‫ א‬MP‫א‬t;‫ ? א‬¤  $(< ‫  א‬, ‫( "` א‬2‫א א‬W 32
    ˆ$""6™;‫אא‬tPC‫א‬:/ KE523 J520W0K$&< ‫א‬W(2‫(א א‬w ‫אא‬DE‫א‬
    /8 D/‫› א‬$" ,&$% 2 P  K`7 ‫ "` א‬F(!  8S (, ‫א‬
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    ($+* 0( ‫א‬KPt;‫א‬1<;‫א‬$—،$@‫ א‬h\1$@ #($+C‫א‬:+/
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    \@  (Pt;‫ א‬Q]  , " (4$ ,2 =& ¨ Œ =¬ ،g 8 ‫ א‬N,2
    ‡a (œ ‫› א;’ א‬$" 7, +¬ ،?@;‫" א‬$4" +)a 2   K( W
    K2& "12‫א‬nD‫א‬Á‫Œא‬aMF ‫“”!(א‬ahP,=3&)1(%=3B ‫א‬
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    32 Œ‫א‬tE‫  א‬3&8;‫!  א‬$ ‫› א‬$" RL 32 DL k @ 1\$" = M,"
     KE2006،MF ‫’א‬2Wh(F ‫* "א‬B+‫א‬FH ™F ‫א <(?א‬Y‫א‬L

    2008
    52  ‫  א אא   א‬
    MP‫א‬t;‫ "` א‬MF   ‫א‬D H  (, ‫(  א‬+~F ‫( א‬$.;‫ א‬0‫א‬: ‫ א‬J1
    =& ‫ א‬0B  0Q-‫ א‬B2 $; =(E‫א= א‬4;‫! א‬P " (2Q-‫א‬
    =~F ‫ א‬R D 32 RD  3$7+ = 3&) Q ،=,+-‫  א‬Av‫  א‬A(y‫א‬
     %Aa R‫ *א½א‬،($7F ‫א‬APB ‫(א‬4 ‫א א‬, ‫ א‬h& ‫א‬
    6P  ©o& ‫ א‬NF$ ‫ א‬0Q-‫ א‬CW  ¨(&<%  ،, ‫~=  א‬F ‫ א‬4
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     W(2Q-‫א‬AD ‫א‬u=)-‫ א‬J2
     ‫א‬, ‫ א‬h& ‫~=א‬F ‫א‬#:&%MF ‫א‬C E‫Œא*=א;א‬a
    (2Q-‫ א‬AD ‫ א‬u r< 2 (F ‫ א‬R‫א‬LE‫&= א‬% = ‡ E ،(4 ‫א‬
    46WC8+E‫–א‬103W=‫!א‬C~F, ‫~= א‬F ‫א‬32(F ‫ א‬E‫*א‬P*‚% ‫א‬
    AD ‫ א‬2 32 cQ7+/‫ ¬= א‬hx 32  ،E 80 W7š،H] ‫ – א‬92 W (+E‫–א‬
    1+E b(F;‫ "& א‬KF ‫(   א‬s1;‫@ א‬Q7+/‫ א‬W •$ (2Q-‫א‬
    g <232$— ‫<&(א !א‬%Aa3z ‫ א‬Y® ‫‡א ® ? א‬a#$, 
     K.+ <2MF ‫א‬
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    ( ‫א‬3,D (@‫א‬4;‫א‬2# ‫Œאא‬a /a­s%/MF ‫=!(א‬a 
    ،‫א‬PkF % MF ‫א‬WF2#%s, ‫ˆא‬tPHP#$،7 ‫א‬2Q
    ،(G !\%  O(G CF% MF ‫ א‬R‫א‬L X+* ‫Œא‬a 2 Ks 2 ‫א‬y‫ א‬$—
     ‫(?א‬F ‫ ?א‬,2‡a4 ‫אא‬tP[<+ K_F ‫א‬g <2<‡aH‚‫א‬t1
    MF ‫ א‬A 02 Ar sD +(D ?F% !(" ،$(< ‫(  א‬+)a ‫א‬$" t%
    W2003،0 KM(7j‫א‬F$(< ‫!א‬3240Q*H(@‫א‬42¨&<%1+E
    `"MF ‫ "=&=א‬7;‫א‬, ‫›!א‬$"kD32­46  " ،E @2
    MP‫א‬t;‫א "` א‬D H  L " / ky‫ א‬f # (2 $(< ‫  א‬, ‫א‬
     KE2003،HKH ™F ‫א‬F
     W(Pt;‫א‬Q /‫א‬f2@32[8& ‫א‬4@a J4

    2008
    53  ‫  א אא   א‬
    t] ،$(< ‫ א‬, ‫"`א‬W،(2Q-‫א‬MP‫א‬t;‫"`א‬RQj‫(­=א‬W
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    $.‫א‬2 Aa hx ،(x‫א‬n ‫ א‬M & ‫ א‬32 1 ‫א‬Y- 7 k(7%  ،A! !' [$%
    b ‫א‬321 ‫א‬Ya ،(, ‫( א‬$(< ‫אא‬،v‫[א‬8& (‫א א‬M & ‫*א‬
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     Wv‫א‬F;A-‫א ^ א‬M— J5
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    ،¼‫`\א‬,D!'F” 82‫א‬DcQ7+‫א‬02‫א‬:.D&<+ "+G
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    K!9‫* א‬$2 1 +‫ א‬$" (. ',% 1d !* K ­4 ‫ א‬hl €  8j‫א‬
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    =#@›1ª،E2006W€8D6+PF ?`!,;‫א‬2X!23!E
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    ‫א‬y‫ א‬F8 ¨ Œ =¬ ،2^2 ( ™  ?‹   :% 32 1( 2 2  ‫א‬
     ‫א‬Ë 32 ™%C‫א‬:%/ ‫(א‬, ‫(א‬$< ‫אא‬F $;‫›א‬$": ،sP

    2008
    54  ‫  א אא   א‬
    ‡a #1 +‫ א‬Ht ‫ Œ ¨ א  א‬2‫   א‬1+*  ($% _$< ‫ˆ א‬tP $—  ، :;‫א‬
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     W1%($.2CW‡ag. "(Pt;‫א‬$;‫א‬k(!$% J7
    `"R$ ‫—א‬32:،62v‫א‬MPt;"$;‫א‬k(!$%=a
    32 =& = 6^ / k(!$ ‫א א‬tP 42 = [J K(2Q-‫ א‬MP‫א‬t;‫! א‬
    (WE‫ א‬4;‫<ˆ א‬% 2  J ‫  א‬E7‫ " א‬F% ‫א‬F (7 ‫א & " א‬
    )=(2Q-‫א‬MP‫א‬t;‫א‬32MPt2& 6^ KE @2 W2004،84 ‫א‬3,DF
    ¨%=&%= ،©E‫(א‬2Q-‫א‬MP‫א‬t;‫א‬NF3(4 ‫א‬R$;"%
    Z‫ Œא‬MPt;‫אא‬tl¨26P ‫(א‬F(Fy‫א‬kNx ‫ א‬0&DE‫א‬#(2R$;‫א‬
     KEfK0W–KX!P3"F
     WMF ‫א‬b((,%0 6+;‫א   א ! א‬1.\% J8
    MF ‫* א‬D #% = 62Q-‫Ž א‬$ ‫ א‬. *    ‫ א‬#
    HE 6$, ‫!(  = א‬$ ‫ א‬1FN‫א‬L (!% # P,%  2& ‫ א‬1 D 1†
    (7$% ‡a H‚ MF ‫* א‬D b((,% =E ،G2 H7  6( RP
    = 1($ ، C ‚,;‫ א‬b(  3\ ¡‫   א‬Y s % 3  1+ ¨ Œ #$2  ،1 *D
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    •$MF *f,D=‫(א‬26+;‫"`א   א ! א‬$(7F ‫=א‬E،(!$ ‫א‬
    MF ‫ א‬G‚2 .‫א‬% •$ `7 ‫ = "` א‬$ ‫א א‬tP _,2 .‫א‬%  ،   ‫ ^א‬a
     K+&;‫ˆא‬tP (`"2Zn<2Y“aPHt ‫א‬
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    H ‫ א‬CF  2P (2Qa ‫  א‬6+;‫ א    א ! א‬RL 32 ‫ א‬0Q-‫א‬
    ?$ ‫א‬hx،­2, ‫א &‚ א‬#hNF ‫אא‬y‫@אא‬a ،? ];‫א‬v‫א‬
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    `" MF ‫ א‬g <2 =¬ ،&8 ‫ א‬h1%‫א‬12 F4%  _< ‫ א‬CF ( <%

    2008
    55  ‫  א אא   א‬
     ‫אא‬F;‫*א‬Rtƒ( y‫(א‬$29‫˜א‬P;‫א‬B ‫א‬AaM7 MP‫א‬t;‫א‬
    RQ /‫ א‬0‫א‬nD‫ א‬# C(.E‫ א‬6"%  ،Z‫  Œא‬MPt;‫א א‬tP Fu b†
    3 32  RQ /‫( "  = א‬2Q-‫ א‬AD ‫ א‬La  (Pt;‫ א‬$ ‫א‬
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    RQ /‫ _ א‬h18  =F;‫ א‬F8 ‫ א‬b% # :(*n ‫א  א‬y‫  א‬hP8 ‫ ” א‬
    (!FL!$ ‫›א‬$"B+1. 32o $+W،^2‫˜א‬sD#•;‫א‬
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    ?(Fr ‫*א‬DhF%Aa n82‫א‬tP ،MF ‫א‬g <2hPE‫!(א‬$ ‫א‬
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    2008
    56  ‫  א אא   א‬
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    58  ‫  א אא   א‬

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