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Global
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Demography
By: Ms. Sarah

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Outline
• Definition of Demography
• Reasons Why Couples Choose to Have Children
• Fac tors for Increasing Number of Population
• Poorer Districts (Rural Vs. Urban)
• Less Developed Regions
• Migration
• The Perils of Overpopulation
• Predictions about Effects of Overpopulation
• Thomas Malthus’ Prediction
• Paul And Anne Ehrlich’s Prediction
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• Various Recommendations
• I t’s th e Eco nomy, N ot th e B a bies!
• Hartmann Vs. Malthus
• Proof of why it’s the economy and not the babies.
• Suggested Resolution
• Green Revolution

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What is
Demography?
It is defined as the statistical study
of populations, especially human
beings.
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It analyzes any kind of dynamic

living population.

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Why do you
choose to have
children?
Couples usually answered that they
choose to have children because of
their feelings.

• For most, having a child is the symbol of

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a successful union.
• Some people are concerned about how
much stress a child might cause in the
home as he or she “competes” for the
parents’ attention and consumes energy
to the family in showing love.

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B u t t h e re a l q u e s t i o n h e re i s
n ot a b o u t a s k i n g w h y c h o o s e t o
h a v e c h i l d re n b u t w h e t h e r a
child will be a financial asset or
a f i n a n c i a l b u rd e n t o t h e f a m i l y.
B e c a u s e c h i l d re n c a n b e a
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f a c t o r fo r a n i n c re a s i n g
population.

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Outline
• Reasons Why Couples Choose to Have Children
• Fac tors for Increasing Number of Population
• Poorer Districts (Rural Vs. Urban)
• Less Developed Regions
• Migration
• The Perils of Overpopulation
• Predictions about Effects of Overpopulation
• Thomas Malthus’ Prediction
• Paul And Anne Ehrlich’s Prediction
• Various Recommendations
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• I t’s th e Eco nomy, N ot th e B a bies!

• Hartmann Vs. Malthus
• Proof of why it’s the economy and not the babies.
• Suggested Resolution
• Green Revolution

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Factors for Increasing

Number of Population
• Poorer Districts (Rural Vs. Urban)
• Rural communities rely on agriculture for their
financials, and because of that, they contribute to the
increasing population. How?
• They prefer to have families with more children.
• They view multiple children as investments.
• They welcome an extra hand to help in cultivation
during planting.
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• Urban communities is a community of educated and

professional families with two incomes and desire one
or two children. They have no contribution to the
increasing population as:
• Couples are both tied down to their careers.
• They prioritize long-term savings.
• But sometimes, urban population rises because of the
effect of large-scale migration as:
• People migrate to look for higher work salary.
• People desire to have a more modernized community.

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Outline
• Reasons Why Couples Choose to Have Children
• Fac tors for Increasing Number of Population
• Poorer Districts (Rural Vs. Urban)
• Less Developed Regions
• Migration
• The Perils of Overpopulation
• Predictions about Effects of Overpopulation
• Thomas Malthus’ Prediction
• Paul And Anne Ehrlich’s Prediction
• Various Recommendations
MARGIE'S TRAVEL

• I t’s th e Eco nomy, N ot th e B a bies!

• Hartmann Vs. Malthus
• Proof of why it’s the economy and not the babies.
• Suggested Resolution
• Green Revolution

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The Perils of
Overpopulation
Predictions about Effects of
Overpopulation

• Thomas Malthus, who warned in his

1798 work “An Essay on the Principle of
Population” that population growth will
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inevitably exhaust world food supply by

the middle of the 19th century. But his
prediction was off base.
• Paul and Anne Ehrlich argued that
overpopulation in the 1970s and
1980s will bring about global
environmental disasters, food shortage
and mass starvation.

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The Perils of
Overpopulation
So they created various
recommendations to prevent this
catastrophe:
• Chemical Castration
• Taxing an additional child and luxury
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taxes on child-related products

• Paying off men who would agree to
be sterilized after 2 children.
• Universal access to reproductive
technologies such as condoms, pills,
abortions and vasectomies.

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Outline
• Reasons Why Couples Choose to Have Children
• Fac tors for Increasing Number of Population
• Poorer Districts (Rural Vs. Urban)
• Less Developed Regions
• Migration
• The Perils of Overpopulation
• Predictions about Effects of Overpopulation
• Thomas Malthus’ Prediction
• Paul And Anne Ehrlich’s Prediction
• Various Recommendations
MARGIE'S TRAVEL

• I t’s th e Eco nomy, N ot th e B a bies!

• Hartmann Vs. Malthus
• Proof of why it’s the economy and not the babies.
• Suggested Resolution
• Green Revolution

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It’s the Economy,

Not the Babies!
• Betsy Hartmann disagrees with Malthus’s theory that population
control is the answer to such problem, rather she accused
governments of using population control as a substitute for a
bigger problems such as social justice, lack of employment, and
lack of education and health care services.
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• She emphasizes that there are lots of megacities who faces

problems such as overpopulation but still continue to be
“centers of economic growth and activity”.

• Suggested Resolution
• Green Revolution – high-yielding rice and
cereal types and creation of advanced
cultivation methods. Malthus’ theory did
not occur as the program was successful
increasing global grain production up to

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250%, allowing agriculture to keep pace
with population growth.
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THANK YOU