DPM 22

A to E

A. Words along with their meaning, Pronunciation and usage

Zephyr (zef-er) noun

 a gentle, mild breeze.

The sea, with the gentle zephyr and the rolling waves always had a calming influence on
him.

Zeppelin (zep-uh-lin) noun

 any rigid airship or dirigible.

 a large dirigible balloon consisting of a long, cylindrical, covered framework
containing compartments or cells filled with gas, and of various structures for
holding the engines, passengers, etc.

The adventure of riding on the zeppelin, was an unmatched experience for him.

Zest (zest) noun

 keen relish; hearty enjoyment; gusto.

 piquancy; interest; charm.

Even in these trying times, he retains his zest for life and keeps others also motivated.

Zeitgeist(tsahyt-gahyst) noun

 the spirit of the time; general trend of thought or feeling characteristic of a

particular period of time

The movie, with its well-etched characters, catches the zeitgeist of the urban life very
well.
 Zen (Zen) noun

 a Mahayana movement, introduced into China in the 6th century AD and into Japan
in the 12th century, that emphasizes enlightenment for the student by the most
direct possible means, accepting formal studies and observances only when they
form part of such means.

The Buddhist monk had mastered the spirit of Zen and led a peaceful, spiritual
existence.

Zenith (zee-nith or, esp. British, zen-ith) noun

 the point on the celestial sphere vertically above a given position or observer.
 a highest point or state; culmination.
He gave up everything at the zenith of his career and devoted his life to serve the
downtrodden.

Zany (zed-nee) adj, noun

 ludicrously or whimsically comical; clownish.

 one who plays the clown or fool in order to amuse others.
 a comically wild or eccentric person

His zany ideas had everyone in splits.

Zillion (zil-yuh n) adj, noun

 an extremely large, indeterminate number.

Inspite of having been told a zillion times that he should not jump on the bed, he
continued doing it.

Zombie (zom-bee) noun

 the body of a dead person given the semblance of life, but mute and will-less, by a
supernatural force, usually for some evil purpose.
 a person whose behavior or responses are wooden, listless, or seemingly rote;
automaton.
 The loss of a dearly loved friend, numbed him and he walked around like a zombie for
many days.

Xenophobia (Zen-uh-foh-bee-uh, zee-nuh-) noun

 fear or hatred of strangers, foreigners or foreign things.

It is important to combat xenophobia and show empathy towards the refugees.

 B. RC Passage (with link)

Article 1: Benefits of high school sports

https://www.thefeather.com/2018/11/16/editorial-benefits-of-high-school-sports/

SUMMARY: High school sports remain vital as they encourage teens to engage athletically
with their peers and lead an active lifestyle. Critics of high school sports argue that athletic
programs in high school fail to prepare participants for life after graduation. High school sports
promote an active lifestyle where students build their physical capabilities through practice
and competition with peers. High school sports remain a crucial aspect of high school as they
allow for physical activity and opportunities to succeed athletically in an academically focused
environment.

Article 2: Birds are warning us to act immediately

https://www.leaderpub.com/2010/03/15/editorial-birds-are-warning-us-to-act-
immediately-2/

SUMMARY: We can restore and protect the critical habitats that will help vulnerable species to
weather challenges of a changing climate. We can demand the local and legislative changes
that can shrink our contribution of climate-altering emissions. The dangers to these birds
reflect risks to everything we value: our health, our finances, our quality of life and the stability
of our natural world. But if we can help the birds weather a changing climate, we can help
ourselves. Across America, nearly 500 Audubon chapters are working close to home to protect
and restore the habitats essential to helping birds and other wildlife to endure the
unprecedented challenges that come with a changing climate.
Article 3: Stress metabolism of plants

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00709-010-0196-7

SUMMARY: Understanding the stress metabolism of plants is now considered to be one of the
most important topics of the plant biology. The toxicity of all these stresses eventually leads to
the development of oxidative stress in plants. Despite the existence of promising knowledge
and techniques for the improvement of stress tolerance, further research is required to
completely understand the whole stress response system of plants. Various aspects of the
stress metabolism of plants ranging from physiological and biochemical to molecular analyses
have been complied in the present special issue of the Protoplasma.

Article 4: Journeying into the Depths of Europe’s Oldest Primeval Forest

https://lithub.com/journeying-into-the-depths-of-europes-oldest-primeval-forest/

SUMMARY: In this essay, the author likens human existence to the goings-on in a primeval
forest, exploring deeper philosophical/existential issues such as life and death. By journeying
into the depths of Europe’s oldest forest in Biatowieza in Poland, the author draws interesting
parallels between the biological landscape found in the wilderness and the trials and
tribulations (read internal landscape) of human existence. Displaying a staggering breadth and
depth of knowledge of the flora and fauna of the region, the author transports the reader into
the very depths of the forest—both literally and figuratively (the forest being a metaphor for
the human soul). The lyrical/poetic style of writing effortlessly manages to fuse the arboreal
with the spiritual.

Article 5: Mainstream Myths Versus Scientific Collaboration

https://www.newsclick.in/Mainstream-Myths-Versus-Scientific-Collaboration
SUMMARY: In this article, the author notes with concern the increasing popularity of and
legitimacy being given to outrageous claims and ridiculous home remedies doing the rounds,
in the context of the prevailing corona pandemic that has peaked the anxiety levels of people,
who are understandably primed to lap up whatever is being circulated as fact. The author
contends that these mainstream myths—having no scientific basis whatsoever—must be
fought by sensitising and educating the people. Illustrating his point with examples from
around the world, he argues that the scientific community needs to counter false claims
through a collaborative effort.
C. RC Passage (with Questions)

Are you worried? Do you have many “what if” thoughts? You are identified with your mind,
which is projecting itself into an imaginary future situation and creating fear. You can stop this
health and life marauding insanity simply by acknowledging the present moment. All that you
ever have to deal with, cope with, in real life is this moment. Ask yourself what problem you
have right now, not next year, tomorrow, or five minutes from now. What is wrong with this
moment? You can always cope with the Now, but you can never cope with the future - nor do
you have to. The answer, the strength, the right action, or the resource will be there when you
need it, not before, not after. Are you a habitable “waiter”? How much of your life do you
spend waiting? What I call “small-scale” waiting is waiting in line at the post office, in a traffic
jam, at the airport, or waiting for someone to arrive, to finish work, and so on.” Large-scale
waiting” is waiting for the next vacation, for a better job, for the children to grow up, for a
truly meaningful relationship, for success, to make money, to be important, to become
enlightened. It is not uncommon for people to spend their whole life waiting to start living.
There is nothing wrong with striving to improve your life situation. You can improve your life
situation, but you cannot improve your life. Life is primary. Life is your deepest inner being. It
is already whole, complete, perfect. Your life situation consists of your circumstances and your
experiences. If you are dissatisfied with what you have got or even frustrated or angry about
your present lack, that may motivate you to become rich, but even if you do make millions you
will continue to experience the inner condition of lack and deep down you will continue to feel
unfulfilled. You may have many exciting experiences that money can buy, but they will come
and go and always leave you with an empty feeling and the need for further physical or
psychological gratification. So give up waiting as a state. When you catch yourself slipping into
waiting… snap out of it. Come into the present moment. Just be, and enjoy being. If you are
present, there is never any need for you to wait for anything. So next time somebody says,
“Sorry to have kept you waiting,” you can reply, “That’s all right, I wasn't waiting. I was just
standing here enjoying myself - enjoy myself. “

Question 1) The primary purpose of the passage is to propose that

 the present moment is its own death.
 the self is based on mind identification.
 we practice monitoring our inner mental-emotional state.
 we awake out of waiting into the present.

Question 2) According to the author the future

 is a mental Phantom.
 is an imaginary mind projection?
 will always seem better.
  accelerates aging by accumulating the past in your psyche.

Question 3) According to the passage habitual waiting

 is reducing the present moment to a means to an end.
 Is a perfect recipe for permanent dissatisfaction and non-fulfilment.
 Greatly reduces the quality of your life by making you lose the present.
 Unconsciously creates inner conflict between your now and your projected future.

Question 4) According to the author, true prosperity

 is keeping us trapped in time.
 Does not abide in Being.
 Is the fullness of life now.
 Is the background static of perpetual discontent.
D. Quantitative Aptitude

1. Mr. Smith decides to sell both his cars. He sells the first car at a loss of 20%. He marks
the second car up by 100% and then he gives a discount of 40%. What is the loss or
gain in the transaction, given that the selling prices of both cars are the same?
(A) 3% loss (B) 5% profit (C) 4% profit (D) 3% profit

2. John, Jack and Jill start simultaneously from A to B. John reaches B turns back and
meet Jack at a distance of 11 kilometers from B. Jack reaches B, turns black and meet
Jill at a distance of 9 kilometers from B. If the ratio of the speeds of John and Jill is 3:2.
What is the distance (in kilometer) between A and B.

Directions for question 3 and 4:

The average age of Kapil’s family (including his wife and himself) immediately after he
had his first child was 14 years. The average age of the family immediately after the
birth of the second, third and fourth children were 12, 12 and 15 years respectively.

3. If the average age of Kapil and his wife when they got married was 18 years then find
the number of years after their marriage that their second child was born.
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 6

4. If the average age of the family today is 18 years, then find the age of the eldest child.
(A) 9 years (B) 10 years (C) 12 years (D) 14 years

5. One day, there were n students in a class. Their teacher distributed a certain number of
chocolates equally among them and was left with 5 chocolates. The next day the
number of students quadrupled. Again the teacher distributed the same number of
chocolates equally among them and was left with 24 chocolates. What was the value of
n?
(A) 4 (B) 19 (C) 43 (D) 91

6. When 200 and 300 are divided by a number P, we get remainders of 5 and 3
respectively. Find the sum of all the possible values of P.
(A) 52 (B) 53 (C) 55 (D)56
7. From a circular metal sheet of radius 15 cm, a sector with a central angle of 72° is cut
and it is used to form a cone such that the arc subtending angle 72° at the center
becomes the base of the cone. Find the volume of this cone.
(A) 18√6π cm2 (B) 16√6π cm2 (C) 1250√6/3 π cm2 (D) 144√6π cm2

8. Richard wants to go to Mumbai from Chennai along one of the two routes namely
Chennai - Bengaluru – Pune - Mumbai and Chennai – Hyderabad - Pune - Mumbai. The
number of ways in which he can travel between different pairs of cities is as follows.
Chennai to Bengaluru in 4 ways, Bengaluru to Pune in 3 ways, Chennai to Hyderabad in
6 ways, Hyderabad to Pune in 2 ways, Pune to Mumbai in 5 ways. The number of ways
in which Richard can go to Mumbai from Chennai is.

Directions for questions 9 and 10:

A confused Bank teller by mistake interchanges the rupees and paisa values written on
cheque and gave as many Rupees as he had to give paisa and as many paisa as he had
to give rupees. As a result, Mr. Vinayak had more than what was written on his cheque.
He went out and bought a cup of tea for

Rs. 2.40 and then calculating the amount left with him found that it was exactly four
times the amount on the cheque. He recollected that, when he entered the bank, he
did not have any money also both the number of rupees and paisa on his cheque were
2 - digit numbers.

9. What was the difference between the amount (in rupees) that Mr. Vinayak received
and the amount written on the cheque?
(A) 45.36 (B) 52.47 (C) 56.61 (D) 62.43

10. The amount written on the cheque was between

(A) Rs. 11 and Rs. 13 (B) Rs. 18 and Rs. 21

(C) Rs. 13 and Rs. 18 (D) Rs. 21 and Rs.22

E. DILR SET-1

Six contestants A through F, participated in the buzzer round of a quiz competition. In that
around each of them have to press the buzzer after a question was asked, the person who
press the buzzer first will get the first chance to answer the question. In total 20 questions
were asked in that round. On giving a correct answer, a contestant gets 3 points where is 1
point was deducted from the total points, if the contestant who got the first chance to answer
the question gave a wrong answer and that particular question will not be transferred to the
next contestant. In case if someone pressed the buzzer first but did not give any answer, no
points were awarded or deducted from that contestant but the question will get transferred to
the contestant who had press the buzzer immediately after that contestant and if the
contestant gave the correct answer of the transferred question, then the contestant will get
points. Any question was transferred at-most-once.

'Attempting' a question implies that the contestant either got the first chance to answer the
question or answer A transferred question.

The following information is known regarding them in that quiz -

1. Each one among them had answered at most one transferred question.
2. At least two questions and at most 5 questions have been attempted by any person.
3. F attempted the minimum number of questions and D attempted 5 questions including
one transferred question.
4. Two contestants gave exactly two wrong answers each.
5. None of them attempted exactly three questions.
6. F neither attempted any transferred question nor he was awarded 0 points for any
question.
7. Total points scored by A, B, C, D, E and F are 5, 6, 3, 7, 8 and 2 respectively.

1. To how many questions did E give wrong answers?

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

2. Who among the following did not transfer any question?

(A) A (B) D (C) E (D) None of these

3. How many questions were attempted by A and C together?

(A) 8 (B) 7 (C) 10 (D) 9

4. Who among the following answered exactly two questions correctly in the first chance?

(A) B (B) D (C) A (D) More than one of the above