JOURNEY OF A RIVER

YOUNG
STAGE

MIDDLE
STAGE

OLD
STAGE
 YOUNG STAGE
YOUNG STAGE: The beginning of a river, when it
flows quickly with lots of energy, is called a young
river. The river here is smaller and usually has a
rapid, tumbling flow that cuts a narrow channel
through rocky hills or mountains.
(I)GORGE - A narrow valley between hills or
mountains, typically with steep rocky walls and a
stream running through it.
(II)V-SHAPED VALLEY - A V-valley is formed by
erosion from a river or stream over time. It is called
a V-valley as the shape of the valley is the same as
the letter “V”
 MIDDLE STAGE
Middle Aged River: - The middle of a river’s
journey, when it gets wider and slows down, is
called the middle age.
(I)MEANDERS- A winding curve or bend of a river
(II)OX-BOW LAKE- An oxbow lake is a U-shaped
lake that forms when a wide meander of a river is
cut off, creating a free-standing body of water.
(III)FLOOD PLAINS- An area of low-lying ground
adjacent to a river, formed mainly of river
sediments and subject to flooding.
(IV)LEVEES- An embankment to prevent the
overflow of river
 OLD STAGE
Old River: - When the river reaches the end of its
journey, it is called an old river. The end of the river
is called the mouth.
(I)DELTA- A river delta is a landform created by
deposition of sediments that are carried by a river
as the flow leaves its mouth and enters slower-
moving or stagnant water. This occurs where a river
enters an ocean, sea, estuary, lake etc.
(II)ESTUARY- The tidal mouth of a large river, where
the tide meets the stream.