Basic Of Communication Lab

T.Y. B. Tech Electrical

Name: - Lajari Sawant Group:- 3
Registration ID: - 211031023 Date: - 22/02/24
Experiment 3
Single-sideband Suppressed-carrier

Aim: To generate SSB-SC wave using NI Multisim 14.0 and Matlab R2023

Hardware/Software Used:
Sr.No. Name
1. MATLAB R2023
2. NI Multisim 14.0

Theory:
The process of suppressing one of the sidebands along with the carrier and transmitting a
single sideband is called a Single Sideband Suppressed Carrier system or simply SSBSC. It
is plotted as shown in the following figure.

In the above figure, the carrier and the lower sideband are suppressed. Hence, the upper
sideband is used for transmission. Similarly, we can suppress the carrier and the upper
sideband while transmitting the lower sideband.

This SSB SC system, which transmits a single sideband has high power, as the power
allotted for both the carrier and the other sideband is utilized in transmitting this Single
Sideband.

Mathematical Expressions
Let us consider the mathematical expressions for the modulating and the carrier
signals
i.e. Modulating signal
m(t)=Am.cos(2πfmt)
Carrier signal
c(t)=Ac.cos(2πfct)
Mathematically , we can represent the equation of SSB SC wave as
s(t)=Am.Ac/2.(cos(2π(fc+fm)t) for the upper sideband
and
s(t)=Am.Ac/2.(cos(2π(fc-fm)t) for the lower sideband

Bandwidth of SSB SC wave

We know that the DSB SC modulated wave contains two sidebands and its bandwidth
is 2fm. Since the SSB SC modulated wave contains only one sideband, its bandwidth
is half of the bandwidth of the DSB SC modulated wave.
i.e. Bandwidth of SSB SC modulated wave=2fm/2=fm
Therefore, the bandwidth of SSB SC modulated waves is fm and it is equal to the
frequency of the modulating signal.

Power Calculations of SSB SC wave

Consider the following equation of SSB SC modulated wave.
s(t)=Am.Ac/2.(cos(2π(fc+fm)t) for the upper sideband
and
s(t)=Am.Ac/2.(cos(2π(fc-fm)t) for the lower sideband

Power of an SSB SC wave is equal to the power of any one sideband frequency
component.
Pt=Pusb=Plsb
We know that the standard formula for power of cos signal is
P=(Vrms)^2/R= (Vm/√2)^2/R

In this case , the power of the upper side band is

Pusb=(Am.Ac/2√2)^2/R = (Am.Ac)^2/8R

Similarly, we will get the lower sideband power same as that of the upper side band
power.
Plsb=(Am.Ac/2√2)^2/R = (Am.Ac)^2/8R

Therefore, the power of SSB SC wave is

P(t)=P(usb)=P(lsb)= (Am.Ac)^2/8R
There are two methods used for SSB Transmission.

1. Filter Method
2. Phase Shift Method

Filter Method
This is the filter method of SSB suppression for transmission. Fig

illustrates the block diagram of this method.

1. A crystal-controlled master oscillator produces a stable carrier frequency fc (say 100

KHz)
2. This carrier frequency is then fed to the balanced modulator through a buffer
amplifier which isolates these two stages.
3. The audio signal from the modulating amplifier modulates the carrier in the balanced
modulator. The audio frequency range is 300 to 2800 Hz. The carrier is also
suppressed in this stage but allows only to pass both sidebands. (USB & LSB).
4. A band pass filter (BPF) allows only a single band either USB or LSB to pass through
it. It depends on our requirements.
If we want to pass the USB then LSB will be suppressed. In this case,

fc = 100 KHz
Audio range = 300 - 2800 Hz
USB frequency range = fc + 300 to fc + 2800
= 100000 + 300 to 100000 + 2800
= 100300 to 102800 Hz
So this band of frequency will be passed on through the USB filter section

5. This sideband is then heterodyned in the balanced mixer stage with a 12 MHz
frequency produced by a crystal oscillator or synthesizer depending upon the
requirements of our transmission. So in the mixer stage, the frequency of the crystal
 oscillator or synthesizer is added to the SSB signal. The output frequency is thus
raised to the value desired for transmission.
6. Then this band is amplified in the driver and power amplifier stages and then fed to
the aerial for the transmission.

Circuit Diagram:

Output:
Code:
clc;
clear all;
close all;
fc=154000;
fm=fc/10;
fs=100*fc;
t=0:1/fs:4/fm;
xc=cos(2*pi*fc*t);
xm=cos(2*pi*fm*t);
xh=cos((2*pi*fm*t)-pi/2);
%SSB UPPER SIDE BAND MODULATION
z2=(xm.*cos(2*pi*fc*t))-(xh.*sin(2*pi*fc*t));
figure(1)
subplot(2,1,1);
plot(t,z2);
title('ssb usb modulation in time domain');
xlabel('time(sec)');
ylabel('amplitude');
l2=length(z2);
f=linspace(-fs/2,fs/2,l2);
z1=fftshift(fft(z2,l2)/l2);
subplot(2,1,2);
plot(f,abs(z1));
title('ssb usb modulation in frequency domain');
xlabel('frequency(hz)');
ylabel('amplitude');
axis([-400000 400000 0 1]);
Output:
Conclusion: -
In conclusion, the experiment successfully achieved its aim of generating a Single Sideband
Suppressed Carrier (SSBSC) wave. The MATLAB code provided a clear representation of the time
and frequency responses of the SSB Upper Sideband (USB) modulation. The analysis of the output
signals confirmed the accurate implementation of the modulation process, showcasing the
elimination of the carrier and the lower sideband.

Remark :_______________ Signature:______________

***************