Rockfall Protection Systems for Mountain Infrastructure: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Various Systems

in Mitigating Rockfall Hazards along the national roads in Mountain Province

Mountainous regions play a vital role in transportation, economy, and local communities. However, their
dynamic nature makes them prone to rockfall hazards, causing road closures, damage, and even loss of
life. To address this, effective rockfall protection systems are crucial for resilient infrastructure. The
study's focus is on Mountain Province, where erosion disrupts travel, and existing rock netting systems
prove inadequate in some areas. The study aims to identify effective protection systems for the entire
province.

Various rockfall protection systems exist, including catchment fences, rockfall barriers, drape mesh
systems, embankments, and hybrids. These methods differ in energy dissipation and debris redirection.
Their effectiveness depends on geological factors, design, and maintenance.

The study's primary goal is to evaluate different protection systems for mitigating rockfall hazards and
securing mountain infrastructure, including roads, bridges, and structures.

Wastewater-Enhanced Soil Stabilization in terms of soil construction purposes, focusing on factors such
as compaction, shear strength, and long-term stability.

Soil stabilization is crucial for strong construction. Instead of traditional additives like cement,
researchers are looking for eco-friendly alternatives that use waste materials. One option is using
wastewater, which is hard to get rid of and can harm nature. But using wastewater to strengthen soil can
solve both problems. This study checks if wastewater really works for soil improvement, focusing on how
well it compacts, its strength, and if it stays strong over time. The goal is to find out if wastewater can
make construction better. If it does, this could lead to greener building methods and better wastewater
handling.

Climate Change and Landslide Susceptibility in Mountain Province

Mountainous regions are stunning but can also face dangers like landslides that harm communities and
structures. As the climate changes, it’s vital to understand how these changes affect landslides. Rain
patterns are shifting, possibly causing more landslides. Studying how climate change interacts with soil
and water helps us grasp why landslides are increasing. This knowledge helps with better planning to
protect people and places. Heavy rain wets the soil and causes landslides, and different rain patterns
make the ground unstable. With more extreme weather, mountain areas are experiencing worse
landslides. This study examines how climate change is increasing landslides in Mountain Province, aiming
to understand their connection. This research helps us find ways to prepare for landslides and safeguard
lives, buildings, and nature in mountains.

Furthermore, the study has specific goals like analyzing historical climate data for trends in temperature
and rainfall, creating a list of past landslides to find vulnerable areas, and using technology to assess
landslide risks due to changing climate conditions.