TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF MOMBASA

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

AC AND DC DRIVES

LAB MANUALS

***Electrical machine drives*** Page 1

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Contents
LAB REPORT FORMAT.......................................................................................................................3
EXPT NO: ACM 200 ~ THREE PHASE MOTOR DRIVE ..........................................................4
EXPT NO: ACM 201 ~ WARD LEONARD DC MOTOR DRIVE .............................................7
EXPT NO: ACM 202 ~ SPEED CONTROL FOR DC SHUNT MOTOR ........................................10
EXPT NO: ACM 203 ~ DC MOTOR DRIVE ................................................................................13

ELECTRICAL DRIVES
A drive can be defined as a system being able to generate and control the movement of a
mechanical device (load). The quantities to be controlled may be:
▪ Static: position
▪ Kinematic: speed
▪ Dynamic: acceleration, torque.
All drives include a power unit called actuator that can generate the mechanical work linked
to the movement. These actuators may be hydraulic, pneumatic or electric.
An electric drive uses an electric actuator or an electric machine, usually run by a motor,
where the electric energy is converted into mechanical energy. The motion is controlled
through the quantities of the motor that are:
• Voltage
• Current
• Frequency.

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LAB REPORT FORMAT

➢ Student name:……………………………………………………………………………….………………
➢ Class: ……………………. Year of study: ………………….. Semester: ………………….
➢ Unit code: ………………… Unit name: ……………………………………………………….
➢ Date: …………………..
➢ Lecturer :
➢ Supervising Technologist:
➢ Experiment name:
➢ Objective:
➢ State briefly the theory supporting the practical:
➢ Apparatus including the nameplate details of each:
➢ Precautions to be taken in regard to a particular practical:
➢ Circuit diagram:
➢ Procedure (in past tense) reporting what you did during the lab session.
➢ Tabulations of results / findings
➢ Table
➢ Plotting of curves if any on graph paper where they should cover ¾ of the A4 graph
paper.
▪ Label your axes
▪ Show the scales both x and y axes.
▪ Include the title of the graph
➢ Show sample calculations
➢ Observation made / comments
➢ Conclusions

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EXPT NO: ACM 200 ~ THREE PHASE MOTOR DRIVE
EXPERIMENT NAME: THREE PHASE MOTOR DRIVE.
OBJECTIVE: To show experimentally how electronic devices can help in
controlling the speed of a three phase machine.
THEORY: State briefly the theory behind this lab.

APPARATUS:

NAME TYPE QUANTITY

Three phase motor VSD – 1/EV module 1
drive
Power cable 1
Three phase Ac 1
asynchronous motor

Tachogenerator mod. M-16/EV 1

Speedometer AZ73 1

Connecting probes 2.5mm2 Enough

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

AC SINGLE
PHASE
OUTPUT
[240V]
Mod. VSD – 1/EV

THREE PHASE MOTOR

DRIVE UNIT
To motor terminals
U1 V1 W1 Tachogenerator

M n

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PROCEDURE:

NB: You should have the basic knowledge on how a three-phase machine
speed can be varied.
1. Connect the machine as per the circuit diagram above, i.e., connect cables to the motor
and power source.
2. Let the circuit be checked by the technologist in charge.
3. Turn the built-in potentiometer fully counterclockwise.
4. Turn on the power.,”0.0” is displayed on the display unit.
5. Press the RUN key.
6. Turn the built-in potentiometer clockwise gradually. The RUN lamp goes on. The
motor starts and its rotation speed increases gradually.
7. The operation frequency is displayed on the display unit.
8. To stop the motor, turn the built-in potentiometer anticlockwise gradually fully, then
press the STOP key.
9. To program the machine, Switch ON the drive to prog mode by pressing the up/down
arrows.
10. In programming mode: press the mode button to set the parameters as shown in
below table.

Scroll with the up Input the default

button to start value as shown

ENT mode RUN

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 Parameter Function Adjustable range Default
title value
Automatic acceleration and 0: No
AU1 deceleration 0
1: Yes
Automatic torque boost 0: No
1: Automatic torque boost
AU2 2: Sensorless control 0
3: Automatic tuning

Automatic environment 0: No
AU3 setting 1: Automatic 50Hz motor 0
2: Automatic 60Hz motor
Command mode selection 0: Terminal block
Cnod 1
1: panel
Frequency setting mode 0: Terminal block
Fnod selection 1: panel 2
2: built – in potentiometer
FM terminal function 0: Frequency meter
Fnsl 0
selection 1: Output current meter
Connected meter adjustment Frequency or current
Fn -
displayed
Standard setting mode
0: No action
selection
1: 50Hz standard
2: 60Hz standard
3: Default setting
TYP 4: clearing error logs 3
5: clearing accumulated
operation time
6: initialize inverter
typeform
Forward/ reverse selection 0: Forward
Fr 0
(panel) 1: Reverse

11. Record reading in the table below, starting from 0.0Hz to 50Hz, at interval of 5Hz and
record with their corresponding speed values.

Frequency 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
(Hz)

Speed (rpm)

12. Plot a graph of frequency against speed.

CONCLUSIONS
1. Comment on the graph, Showing the mathematical analysis of how to achieve change
of speed in ac machine.
2. Explain briefly how to achieve speed control in ac machines.

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EXPT NO: ACM 201 ~ WARD LEONARD DC MOTOR DRIVE
EXPERIMENT NAME: WARD LEONARD DC MOTOR DRIVE.
OBJECTIVE: To control the speed of a DC motor using ward Leonard system
or armature voltage control.
THEORY: State briefly the theory behind this lab, including its applications.

APPARATUS:

NAME TYPE QUANTITY

Ac single phase motor AC 1

Dc compound motor DC 2

Ammeter [0 – 2A] DC 1
Voltmeter [0 – 300v] DC 1

Stroboscope 1

Connecting wires Copper Enough

Rheostat [720Ω, 1.7A] Wire wound 1

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

A A

M1 G M2
AC

AC 240V

AC single AA AA
phase
motor
Z ZZ Z ZZ

Constant Variable field

Constant field
field [separately
[self excited]
excited]
The system arrangement as shown M2 is the machine whose speed is been controlled, may be
an AC motor or DC motor with constant speed. G is a dc generator directly coupled to M1,
whereby M1 acts as the prime mover. And the G is separately excited; hence its output is fed
to the armature of the M2, whose speed is to be controlled. The output voltage is varied from
zero to its maximum value by means of its field regulator.

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PROCEDURE
1. Connect the circuit as per the connection diagram below.
2. Set the field rheostat at maximum resistance position, with isolator switch OFF, switch
ON the prime mover [AC single phase machine] via the starter, and then switch ON the
DC supply to field excitation for the generator.
3. Check with voltmeter if the voltage is been generated.
4. Then switch ON the isolator, now starting from 0 volts record the results in the table
below.
Field current [ 𝑰𝒇 ]

Armature voltage [𝑽𝒂 ]

Speed [N]

5. Plot graphs for speed [N] against excitation current [𝑰𝒇 ], and voltage [V] against
excitation current [𝑰𝒇 ].

CONCLUSIONS
a) Comment on the graphs
b) From the formulas prove their relationship from the results and graphs.
NB:
Include references.

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 Page 9
DC COMPOUND MOTOR [ M2] DC COMPOUND MOTOR [ G] AC SINGLE PHASE MOTOR [ M1]
YY Y AA ZZ YY L
ZZ Z A Z Y
N
AA A
N L N L N L N L
OUT IN OUT IN
ISOLATOR STARTER
BENCH SUPPLY NO. 1

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V
L1
A
L

AC 3Ø 240V
720Ω , 1.7A L2

DC 110V
L3
N
* CONNECTION DIAGRAM FOR WARD LEONARD SPEED CONTROL N
EXPT NO: ACM 202 ~ SPEED CONTROL FOR DC SHUNT MOTOR
EXPERIMENT NAME: SPEED CONTROL FOR DC SHUNT MOTOR.
OBJECTIVE: To control the speed of a DC shunt motor using:-
➢ Armature control
➢ Field [flux] control
THEORY: State briefly the theory behind this lab, including its applications.

APPARATUS:

NAME TYPE QUANTITY

Dc compound motor DC 1

Ammeter [0 – 2A] DC 1
Ammeter [0-10A] DC 1
Voltmeter [0-200v] DC 1

Speedometer 1

Connecting wires Copper Enough

Rheostat [12Ω, 10A] Wire wound 5

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3 point starter

L Z A
A
D SIX [12Ω , 10A]
[0 – 10A] MC Connected in series
P

S Field
rheostat A
T internally
connected
110V
DC SUPPLY
S

W A [0- 2A] MC
M V

I [0-
200v]
Z AA
T

ZZ

PROCEDURE

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I] Armature control

1. Connections are made as per the connection diagram.

2. After checking the maximum position of armature rheostat and minimum position of
field rheostat, DPST switch is closed:
3. Field current is fixed to various values and for each fixed value, by varying the
armature rheostat, speed is noted for various voltages across the armature.

Field current
If (A)
Armature voltage
Va (V)
Speed N (rpm)

II] Field Control:

1. Connections are made as per the connection diagram.

2. After checking the maximum position of armature rheostat and minimum position
of field rheostat, DPST switch is closed:
3. Armature voltage is fixed to various values and for each fixed value, by adjusting
the field rheostat, speed is noted for various field currents.
4. Bringing field rheostat to minimum position and armature rheostat to maximum
position DPST switch is opened.

Field current
𝑰𝒇 (A)
Armature voltage
𝑽𝒂 (V)
Speed, 𝑁 (rpm)

CONCLUSIONS:
1. Plot curves of both armature speed control and field speed control separately.
2. Show sample calculations of your results.

COMMENT ON:
1. The shape of your curves in details.
2. Accuracy of your results.
3. Show in terms of equation how speed and armature current relate in this experiment.
4. Does the experiment agree with the theory stated above?

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 Page 12
CONNECTION DIAGRAM FOR SPEED DRIVE FOR DC SHUNT MOTOR BENCH NO.. 3
DC COMPOUND MACHINE DC COMPOUND MACHINE
Y1 Z A Y1 Z A
ZZ ZZ
Y2 AA Y2 AA
Y5 Y5
Y3 Y4 Y6 Y3 Y4 Y6
A
[0 – 2A] V
Six (12Ω, 10A)connected in
series
A
BENCH SUPPLY NO. 3
[0 – 10A]

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L1
L

AC 240V 3ø
L N L N Z C Z A Z L N L2
IN OUT FIELD DC
STARTER
REGULATOR 110V
ISOLATOR L3
N
N
EXPT NO: ACM 203 ~ DC MOTOR DRIVE
EXPERIMENT NAME: DC MOTOR DRIVE.
OBJECTIVE: To measure the speed of a dc motor controlled by the drive
through armature feedback
THEORY: State briefly the theory behind this lab, including its applications
(be guided by the objective above).

APPARATUS:

NAME TYPE QUANTITY

Dc motor drive Mod. CV-1/EV 1

Power cable 1
Dc motor of separate Mod. M1- 2/EV 1
excitation

Tachogenerator Mod. M-16/EV 1

Voltmeter Analogue (0 – 120v) 1

Ammeter Analog (0 – 6A) 2

Speedometer AZ73 1

Connecting probes 2.5mm2 Enough

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

PROCEDURE
1. Connect the equipment as shown in the diagram
2. Turn the equipment ON.
3. Make sure that the main switch of the drive mod is OFF. Set the speed control
potentiometer to the starting position and the switch of the operation mode to STAND-
BY.
4. Power the drive mod. CV-1/EV.
5. Turn the switch of the operation mode to RUN.
6. Turn the speed control potentiometer slowly; the motors starts rotating.
7. Measure the armature current.
8. Measure the voltage across the armature terminals
9. Tabulate the results in the table below.

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 Field current (𝐼𝑓 )
Armature voltage
(𝑉𝑎 )
Speed, N (rpm)

10. Plot graphs for speed (N) against excitation current (𝐼𝑓 ) and voltage (V) against
excitation current ( 𝐼𝑓 ).
CONCLUSIONS;
1. Comment on the graph, show mathematical analysis if any.
2. Show how theory matches with the experiment in this context.

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