(aa)

+A 60,
(9)
H
4
Equations ioide(aa)
2KNO,
+ Aid) A ‘(9)
otormaon
Hyaogen
+
Ht(9)
QUATI0N$
t H2
(2)
0H
CH2
(mutanal)(eyluc
potainm (mutal + t S)+
Oy
Fe3
Het
+
eow) ZnCl(aa)(a4),
ns (S) (PP.t.) u
Ritbon S0 (s
aE)
(got
dan
y
PbI, acid:
React (s) oxida)
(whitt (Sat) Zn
:aud hwroph
Antignt
2Mg0witt afm
340
E CheniclHagnesum ’ ’
6olution Hyduochloic
(aq) (aq)
S04
H,
syphiL
CAL ’ (9)
with
(9) H,0ce)
kI
2 (a9) steanM
(HEMi (9) H,0 H2
iHApTER: HCI
O. Carbonmenoxidu
of nith
uad
t ),(44)+ 4
2 Phela
hynheis
l2
+ 2
with + witn witi mecnane.
(9)t +
Busning
(3) (NO;
+
(s) Ca)
(S) (S)
Zn
2M9 Zinc Zn Zinc
4ron Fe CO co,
Pb
3 6
2202 20 1
Calinm
corbonatr)
ium
(cal (9)
6He0(0)+
sO,
i
(8Aakd
)
imecombning
wit
9
H0 :yiäls (9)
+ domp.)0(9)
(oa) Cu,(a4)+
2 (s)
+so,
CaloH), l) +
ie )
H20 (9) du i
(Au)
(9)
Co 6 oiThmal
co, (a4)’
lphat )Ca0
(s
MOked 2 O,Fe,
’ (ie
Ho (9)
co, ’
Natul
caki (a) > wat
(9)
wittr
H,0 |du (calium
Hyanidu)(9)
60,
co,
Ca
hyduoi 20,
+ + (tew
ous
Aupnaa)
o (aa) O2 (44)
Bwning
o + +
tormatuon (awk
ie)
+ (9) Respirato(Gu 2Feso
6)
ese)Heatng
S)
Ca(O;
(Lim
Casbonate
Ca0
(s) (OH), 2(9) Buaning
cu (s)
C CH4 O
H Hi,
Cal Ca 2
C
 Haaang tead itr att pow des

2Pb (NO,) , (S) 2 PbO(S) + 4 NO, (9) 4 D.(9)

(Brown fme)
watt
ELtolyiA
2 H, 0u) 2 H, (9) 0, (9)

Silves ulori ct ndengeing puotolytic dudecomp.

sunlight + CI, 9)
2Aq CI (S) 2 Aq (s)

BAack and whi phato qaphy (silver bromid)

sun lig ht 2 Ag (s) BY, (9)
2 Aa BY_(S)

witt tmmeium rori de

Baium Hyaide
BacOH)2 2 NH, CI

Meta displaud CusO

ond
guting
ucle BOutiGns.

luclz (ay) Ph ll2 (44) t Cu S)

Pb ) Cu
Zn (5) t Cu soy (44) ’ Zn Oy (44) + Cu Cs)

Fe (S) + Cu sDy (a4) ’ Fe O, (a4) + Cu cS)

Fe Cu

Ony gen/ ou lation ation:

2 u
Cappe oni de + Hydogen
Cuo + H H,0
(RLcdih brown)

Recox Ye acti ôny.

Oxid ation

+ H, 0

Zn
Oxidatioy
Mnl 4 HCI Mncl, + 2 Hz0 + CI,
Radortio
Doute displ ae ent eatien

Na so, (a4)+ Bacla (a4) ’ Ba So, (S)+2Nacla)

P.P.t)

4 Fe ls) + 30 (9) t M. H0 )’ 2Ee a0: XHQ S)

 CHAPt[R2 Auds, bares nd S t s

Mtal + Aud/ Aud + Metal ’ Salt + H1

2 Na OH (a)+ Zn (s ) Na, Zn O, (s) + HT c9)

Zin lati )

carbon dio nioe line wattr

Ca<oH), (a4) + CO, (9) -Laco 3 (5) + H,0(0)

(ie wat ) (wnit PP.t)
Carbon dioice wt calium casbonatt t HeO

Ca CO (S) + H, 0(l) + cO (9) Cal HC 0), a

calcium bi caibonatt Sowable jn e Heo)
Mital carbonat /Hyd i0g ncoarbonau t Auicl
Casbn waer

Naco, (5) + 2 HCI (a4) ’ 2 NaClla4)+ H, o)+co,

- NaHC0 () + HCaa) ’ WaCI (aq) H,0) + cO, 3)

Neutralis atwn Re aini Aud + Sae’ Salt t H20

Na OH (ag)t HCI (a4)

Mital NO YLacti on

Met Aud Balt wa

Hydrono ri Aid with watt tor Hyd2gn ion

proauction

HCI H2 0 H,ot +
+ c1
 preent was combined
Hyarogn
tOn m.
H Ha0
(Hydro ium)
Base wih wa

- NaoH (S) Nat

(aq) + OH (a)

- kOH (S) Ha0, (aq) + DH (aq)

He0, Ma
2
(ag) 20 H (ag)
- Ma (0H), (6) Mg

Aud

H (aG) OH (ag,) Ha 0 ( )

tommaon o sodium Hyasoxida (cauutic Soda)

uctriuty t Ch (9)
2 Na CL (a4) + 2 H, 0 A) 2 Na OH (aq)
H (9)

Ruahing powd / calium htdto ste chloricde

Ca lOH) 2
+ Ca Oll
(aliun 0ni Lhoicde
Boda s0dum lasbo n at
Washing
10 H, 0 Na, c0, 0 H, 0
1 Na, cOz
(Socium car bonat)

20: 26
Ca SOy + H,0 CasOu , H, 0
4yosum:
2H2 O
CasOy.H,0 + 0
H, C a s O .t t 2
(plartes ps) (4yprum)

Baking Boda:
NacL+ H,0 + co t NH NH,CI + NaHcO
(Ammonium uloica) Cnyarogancavh onda)
2 NaHc0 Na 0 +H 0
2

NaHCO3 H + H,0 + sodium Salt

(tyom any aid) ot a A id
 CHA PTER 3: Metals

Metal ital oride

+
Onygn
2 Cu 2 ua
(bluk oids

4 AL 302 2Al, O
(Alninum Uxida)
Aid/ Base Metal H,o

Al, 0z 6 HCL 2 AICI 3 H,0

Al, 03 2Na OH ’ 2 NaA)O, + H0

H, 0
Csodiun d wminaa)
Mtal OYid witt wates to DI0due kais

- Na,0 (S) + H,0 (4) 2NaOH (aa)

+ H,0() ’ 2k OH (aq)

Mutal + Watis etu onice

Hydrogn
Mital w Nitas nopnide
2 k (S) + 2 H, 0(4) > 2 koH (a) t H, (9) +t A

2 Na(S) + 2 H,00 (e) ’ 2 NaOH(a) ++ H; (9) + A

Ca ls) + 22 H
He0 ) ’ Cal0H),(aa) H; (9 )
(iaid novMal watu)
2 AI (S) + 3H0 (9) ’ Al03(S) + 3 H2 (9)
Atea m
3Fes) 4 H,0 (9 Fe O (S) + 4 H, (g)
Mtalt Dil.. Aid ’ Hydon

Salt Sol. A + Mital B

Mital A
(Uu pdau ment )
Mtal Nontals

an cl chloice

Na Na e
(21 & ) (21 8)
(Bodum cation)

(2,8,¬) (2,3,)

XX

Na
X X

) Magnwiwm and
2+
2e
Ma. M9
(2,8)
(2, 872)
(mag ny um cati on )

(2,1) (2,8, 3)
( aloridu aniom)
XX

Mgi +
Extyan 9 innaban

Cinnbas
MeY wy oni de uuny
2H S (S) + 30, [9) > 2 H0 (S) + 2S0,(9)

2 Ha0 (s ) A 2 Hg l4) + O (9)

Ex atng CappA rm Coppu sulph at

(coppe Aulp att H Cep pe copper)

2 Cu D LS) + 2 SO, (9>

+
2 lu 0 + 6 ucS)

Roasting
2 Zn S (S) t+3 30, 9)
0 , 9) 2 Zn 0 s)+ 2 S0, (9)

Calcin aion

Zn cO2 (S) Zn0 (S)

Zinc naetou' Zinc

Zn0 () + (S) Zn (S) + Co (9)

oi oni c hhati d with Aluninium:

Maganet
3 Mn , (S) 4 Al(s ) ’ 3 Mn e) + 2Al, 03 s)+ A

cathod Na +e Na
Anod 2C1 ’ CI, + 2e
 Theumit Reacuon
F03 (S) +lal (S)’ 2Fe (l) tAL, 0cS) + 4

:t
90
 CHAPTER 4 Cau bn,. na Compounds

K Car bon with orygen

CU, Heat and ig ht

(Carbon)
Mutth anl witn

CHa H,0 + Heat an d light

E hanl eho ! wtt D2

CH CH2 0Ht 0 ’ co, + H2 0 + he at and

(Alwwl/E t ano) iqnt

AlKaliu kMn0 t A
CH - (H,0H (07) Aç diied CH, C00H
72C 2 01 tA

Adaiin: H

ikt catlynt -c-c - R

Bubstiuon
in puene)
2026;. 5 + Cl CH C + HCI

E thanol

2 Na t CH 3 CH2 0H ’ (H, CH , ÞNat + H2

(Sodiu ethoidu)
 give nsatuatid
Hydocasb oni
Hot tonC.
CH, = CH, +t H,O
CH- CH, 0H H, SDy

EAtew<icaon:
- CH, 0H CH3 - C-o-cHz
- CH- c0OH + CH

(ethanpl)
CH3
(E Hhan oic acd) (estr)
H, 0

CaHe 0H + CH C00 Na
CHC00AC Hy
Ehanoic d d witt

NaH+ CH3 c00H CH3 C0ONA +H,0

Aud witn Cabonatts and

Hydr0qen carbonatt

2 CHC00 H + Na,C03 ’ 2 CH 3 LO0 Na t H, 0

+ C02

CH CDO H
H t Na HCO ’ CH s co0Nat ,0