Solution - Practice Paper 3

CHEMISTRY
SOLUTION : PRACTICE PAPER – 3

SECTION – A
Q. 1. (i) (a) H 0 and S 0
(ii) (c) 4, 6
(iii) (c) 0.026 M
(iv) (c) Ni, Cr
(v) (d) ketoheptose
(vi) (c) less than 7
(vii) (b) [A] is doubled and [B] is kept constant
(viii) (d) Protein
(ix) (a) 3.011;10, 6.022;10
(x) (a) 49.8%
Q. 2. (i) 2 moles of methylbromide are required to convert ethanamine to N, N-dimethyl
ethanamine.
(ii) Definition : It is defined as a spontaneous uni-directional flow of the solvent
molecules from a pure solvent or a dilute solution to the more concentrated solution
through a semipermeable membrane.
(iii) V [Ar] 3d4s

(iv) Stereoisomerism : The phenomenon of isomerism in the coordination compounds
arising due to different spatial positions of the ligands in the space around the
central metal atom or ion is called stereoisomerism.
c
(v) Given : :0.4 and :0.216
c

um
:?
um

;1000
B um :
c

;1000
um :
c

um ;1000/c
:
um ;1000/c

;c
:
;c

0.216
: :0.54
0.4
um
Ans. :0.54
um

SOLUTIONS TO NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII 1
(vi) Given : Mass of CO(g) :m:12 g
Molar mass of CO:28 g mol\
4CO(g) ;2NO (g) IIIIIJ 4CO (g) ;N (g) rH: 91200 kJ

Mass of 4 moles of CO:4;28 g CO:112 g CO
B For 112 g CO rH: 91200 kJ
91200;12
For 12 g CO rH:
112
: 9128.6 kJ
Ans. Heat evolved during combustion of 12 g
CO:128.4 kJ, or CH: 9128.6 kJ
(vii) The thermal stability of the hydrides of group 16 elements decreases in the order
of
H O H S H Se H Te.

CH

(viii) CH 9 C9Br and sodium ethoxide (C H O Na) are used for the preparation of

CH ethyl-tert-butyl ether.

(tert-Butyl bromide)
SECTION – B
Q. 3. (1) Use of safer solvents and auxiliaries – is a principle of green chemistry it states that
safer solvent like water, supercritical CO should be used in place of volatile

halogenated organic solvents, like CH Cl , CHCl , CCl for chemical synthesis and

other purposes.
(2) Solvents dissolve solutes and form solutions, they facilitate many reactions. Water is
a safer benign solvent while solvents like dichloromethane (CH Cl ), chloroform

(CHCl ) etc. are hazardous. Use of toxic solvents affect millions of workers every

year and have implications for consumers and the environment. A large amount of
waste is created by their use and they also have huge environmental and health
impacts.
(3) Finding safer solvents or designing processes which are solvent free is the best way
to improve the process and the product.
Q. 4. Laboratory method of preparing dioxygen from KClO :

By heating chlorates, nitrates and permanganates.
Potassium chlorate in the presence of manganese dioxide on heating decomposes to
form potassium chloride and oxygen.

2KClO IIIIIIIJ 2KCl;3O (g)
MnO

2 SOLUTIONS TO NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII
Q. 5. Given : [NaF]:0.05 M
[HF]:0.015 M
Ka :7.2;10 94
pH:?
pKa : 9log Ka

: 9log 7.2;10 94

:[4.8573]
:3.1427
[NaF]
pH:pKa ;log
[HF]
0.05
:3.1427;log
0.015
:3.1427;0.5228
:3.6655
Ans. pH:3.6655
Q. 6. Consider a zero order reaction, A IIIIIJ Products
9d [A]
The rate of the reaction is, Rate:
dt
By rate law,
Rate:k;[A]:k
9d [A]:k;dt
If [A] is the initial concentration of the reactant A at t:0 and [A]t is the

concentration of A present after time t, then by integrating above equation,
[A]t t:t
9d [A]:

t:0
k dt
[A]

[A]
t
t
9
d [A]:k dt

[A]

[A]
9[A] :k [t]
t t
[A]

9 [A]t 9[A] :kt

[A] 9[A]t :kt

[A] 9[A]t
k:
t
This is the integrated rate law expression for rate constant for zero order reaction.
k;t:[A] 9[A]t

[A]t : 9kt;A

Q. 7. Lowering of vapour pressure of a solution : When a nonvolatile solute is added to a
pure solvent, the surface area is covered by the solute molecule decreasing the rate of
evaporation, hence its vapour pressure decreases. This decrease in vapour pressure is
called lowering of vapour pressure.
If P is the vapour pressure of a pure solvent (liquid) and P is the vapour pressure of

the solution, where P P , then, (P 9P) is the lowering of the vapour pressure.

Q. 8. The alkoxy group in aromatic ether is a ring activating and ortho-, paradirecting group
toward electrophilic aromatic substitution.
Resonance structures :
;R Effect of 9OR group results in increased electron density at the para- and two
ortho-positions (see resonance structures II, III and IV).
Q. 9. Cr>:[Ar]3d4s
Since (en) is a strong field ligand there is pairing of electrons. The electrons occupy the
t2g orbitals of lower energy. It has one unpaired electron. Due to d-d transition, it is
coloured.
Q. 10. Given : I:0.8 A; t:1;60;60:3600 s
Number of moles of electrons:?
Q:I;t
:0.8;3600
:2880 C
1 Faraday Y 1 mol electrons
1 Faraday:96500 C
B 96500 C:1 mol electrons
2880
2880 C Y
96500
:0.02984 mol electrons
Ans. Number of moles of electrons:0.02984
Q. 11. Methanamine into ethanamine
NaNO /HCl PCl alc.KCN
CH 9NH
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIJ CH 9OH
IIIIIIIIIJ CH Cl IIIIIIIIIIIIJ CH CN

Methanamine Methanol Methyl Acetonitrile
chloride
Raney Ni
CH CN;2H (g) IIIIIIIIIIIIIJ CH 9CH 9NH
R.T.
Ethanamine
Q. 12.
Isothermal process Adiabatic process
1. In an isothermal process, the temperature of 1. In an adiabatic process, the temperature of

the system remains constant. T:0 the system changes. T"0
2. In this process, the system exchanges heat 2. In this process, the system does not ex-
with the surroundings. change heat with the surroundings. Q:0
Q"0 (Closed system) (Isolated system)
3. The total internal energy of the system 3. The total internal energy of the system
remains constant. changes. U"0
4. In this process, the system is not thermally 4. In this process, the system is thermally
isolated. isolated.
5. In this process, Q:9W as U:0. 5. In this process, W : U.
Q. 13. (i) Mn2; [Ar] 3d

(ii) Co3; [Ar] 3d
Q. 14. (i) Lactose on hydrolysis in presence of an acid or enzyme lactase gives one molecule
each of glucose and galactose
H O>

C H O ;H O IIIIIIIIIIIJ C H O ; C H O
or lactase
Lactose D–(;) Glucose D–(;)–Galactose
(ii) Sucrose on hydrolysis in the presence of dil. acid or the enzyme invertase gives
one molecule each of glucose and fructose.
H O>

C H O ; H O IIIIIIIIIIIJ C H O ; C H O
or invertase
Sucrose D (;) Glucose D (9) Fructose
SECTION – C
Q. 15. (a) 2FeSO ;H SO ;Cl IIIIIJ Fe (SO ) ;2HCl

(b) Na SO ; H O;Cl IIIIIJ Na SO ; 2HCl

Sodium Sodium
sulphite sulphate

Q. 16. (a) At RHE : Al (aq) ;3e 9 IIIIIJ Als ;2
3;
Ni (aq) ;2e 9 ;3
2;
At LHE : Ni(s) IIIIIJ
Net cell reaction : 3Ni(s) ;2Al (aq)

3;
3Ni (aq) ;2Al(s)
2;
IIIIIJ
(b) At RHE : Cu (aq) ;2e 9 IIIIIJ Cu(s)

2;
Cd (aq) ;2e 9
2;
At LHE : Cd(s) IIIIIJ
Net cell reaction : Cd(s) ;Cu (aq)

2;
Cd (aq) ;Cu(s)
2;
IIIIIJ
Q. 17. (1) Propanol-1-ol : Formaldehyde on reaction with Grignard reagent,

C H 9Mg9I in dry ether forms a complex which on further hydrolysis with

dilute HCl forms Propan-1-ol.
W O9Mg9I S
O dry ether T T
H9C ; C H 9Mg9I J T H9 C9H T
H T
T
T
T
Y C H V
formaldehyde ethyl magnesium iodide
(Methanal) complex
O9Mg9I S
W
T
T dil. HCl
T H9 C9H T ; H O J C H 9CH OH ; HO9Mg9I
T
T T
T

Y
C H V Propan-1-ol

(HO9Mg9I ; HCl IIIIIJ Cl9Mg9I ; H O)

(2) Propan-2-ol : An acetaldehyde on reaction with Grignard reagent in dry ether

forms a complex which on further hydrolysis with dilute acid HCl, forms
propan-2-ol.
W O9Mg9I S
O dry ether T T
CH 9C ; CH 9Mg9I J T CH 9 C9CH T
H T
T
T
T
Y H V
acetaldehyde methyl magnesium iodide complex
(Ethanal)
W O9Mg9I S OH
T
T dil. HCl
T CH 9 C9CH T ; H O J CH 9 C9 CH ;HO9Mg9I
T
T
T
T

Y H V H
(isopropyl alcohol) Propan-2-ol
(HO9Mg9I ; HCl J Cl9Mg9I ; H O)

(3) 2-Methyl propan-2-ol : Acetone on reaction with Grignard reagent in dry ether
forms a complex which on further hydrolysis with dilute acid HCl, forms a tertiary
butyl alcohol.
O W O9Mg9I S
dry ether T T
CH 9 C9CH ; CH 9Mg9I J T CH 9 C9CH T
T
T
T
T
acetone methyl magnesium iodide
Y CH V
(Propan-2-one)
complex
W O9Mg9I S OH
T
T dil. HCl
T CH 9 C9CH T ;H O J CH 9 C9 CH ; HO9Mg9I
T
T
T
T

Y CH V CH

tert-butyl alcohol
(2-Methyl propan-2-ol)
(HO9Mg9I ; HCl J Cl9Mg9I ; H O)

Q. 18. Acid : According to Bronsted-Lowry theory acid is a substance that donates a proton
(H>) to another substance.
Base : According to this theory base is a substance that accepts a proton (H>) from
another substance.
For example,
HCl(aq) ; NH (aq) & NH>(aq) ;Cl\
Base (aq)
Acid
Since HCl donates a proton it is an acid while NH accepts a proton it is a base.

Q. 19. Given : Structure of Al:Cubic close packed structure:ccp structure
Edge length of unit cell:a:353.6 pm:3.536;10 98 cm r:?
Number of unit cells in 1.00 cm of Al:?
a 353.6
Radius of Al atom:r: :
2(2 2(2
353.6
: :125 pm
2;1.414
Volume of one unit cell:a:(3.536;10 98)
:4.421;10 923 cm
1.00
Number of unit cells:
4.421;10 923
:2.26;10
Ans. Radius of Al atom:125 pm
Number of unit cells:2.26;10
Q. 20. The following are the postulates of Werner theory :
Postulate (1) : Unlike metal salts, the metal in a complex possesses two types of
valencies : primary (ionizable) valency and secondary (nonionizable) valency.
Postulate (2) : The ionizable sphere consists of entities which satisfy the primary
valency of the metal. Primary valencies are generally satisfied by anions.
Postulate (3) : The secondary coordination sphere consists of entities which satisfy the
secondary valencies and are nonionizable.
The secondary valencies for a metal ion are fixed and satisfied by either anions or
neutral ligands. Number of secondary valencies is equal to the coordination number.
Postulate (4) : The secondary valencies have a fixed spatial arrangement around the
metal ion. Two spheres of attraction in the complex [Co(NH ) ]Cl are shown.

Q. 21. (a) Relation for density of the unit cell :

n;M

:
NA ;a
where
– Density of the unit cell
M – Atomic mass of the unit cell
NA – Avogadro number
a – Length of the edge of unit cell
(b) Isochoric process : In this process the volume of the system remains constant.
Hence V:0. Therefore, the system does not perform mechanical work.
W: 9P V: 9P;(0):0
Let QV be the heat absorbed at constant volume.
By first law of thermodynamics,
U:Q;W U:QV
(c) Enthalpy of vaporisation (vapH) : The enthalpy change that accompanies the
vaporisation of one mole of a liquid at constant temperature and pressure is called
heat of vaporisation or evaporation.
For example,
1 atm, 373 K
H O(l) IIIIIIIIIIIIIJ H O(g) vapH:;40.7 kJ mol\

This equation describes that when one mole of water is evaporated at 100 °C
(373 K) and 1 atmosphere, 40.7 kJ of heat will be absorbed.
Q. 22. (1) In the complex, Co carries ;3 charge while 6F\ carry 96 charge. Hence the net
charge on the complex is 93. Therefore it is an anionic complex.
CH

(2) CH –CH – N N-Ethyl-N-methylaminopropane N-Ethyl, N-methylpropanamine

CH

CH

CH

(3) Reducing sugars : Maltose or lactose
Non-reducing sugars : Sucrose.
Q. 23.
alc. KOH
CH 9CH9CH 9CH IIIIIIIIIIIIIJ CH 9CH:CH9CH ;CH 9CH 9CH:CH ;2KBr;2H O

80% 20%
Br
2-Bromobutane But-2-ene But-1-ene
(A)
CH 9CH:CH9CH ;Br IIIIIIIIIIIJ CH 9CH9CH9CH

Br Br
2,3-Dibromobutane
(B)
CH 9CH9CH9CH ;2NaNH IIIIIIIIJ CH 9CH9CH9CH ;2NaBr

Br Br NH NH

2,3-diaminobutane
(C)
A:CH 9CH:CH9CH

B:CH 9CH9CH9CH C:CH 9CH9CH9CH

Br Br NH NH

Q. 24. (i) Lanthanoid contraction : The gradual decrease in atomic and ionic radii of
lanthanoids with the increase in atomic number is called lanthanoid contraction.
(ii) The causes of the lanthanoid contraction are as follows :
(1) As the atomic number of lanthanoids or 4 f-block elements increases the
positive nuclear charge increases and correspondingly electrons are added to
the prepenultimate 4 f sub-shell.
(2) The attraction of nucleus on 4 f-electrons increases with the increase in atomic
number.
(3) The outer eleven electrons namely, 5s, 5p, 5d and 6s do not shield inner
4 f-electrons from the nucleus.
(4) There is imperfect shielding of each 4 f-electron from other 4 f-electrons.
(5) As compared to d sub-shell, the extent of shielding for 4 f-electrons is less.
(6) Due to these cumulative effects, 4 f-electrons experience greater nuclear
attraction and hence valence shell is pulled towards the nucleus to the greater
extent decreasing atomic and ionic radii appreciably.
(7) From La to Ce, there is a sudden contraction in atomic radius from 187 pm

to 183 pm but the further decrease up to the last 4f-element, Lu is

comparatively low (about 10 pm).
Q. 25. Given : t:40 min; [A] :100;

[A]t :100930:70; t / :?

2.303 [A]
k: log
t [A]t
2.303 100
: log
40 70
2.303
: log 1.4286
40
2.303;0.1549
:
40
:8.918;10\ min\
0.693
t :

/
k
0.693
:
8.918;10\
:77.70 min
Ans. Half life period:77.70 min.
O

Q. 26. (1) CH 9CH 9CN;2H O;HCl IIIIIJ C H 9 C9OH;NH Cl

Propionitrile Propionic acid
(product)
O

(2) CH 9CONH 9H O;HCl IIIIIJ CH 9 C9OH;NH Cl

Acetic acid
(product)
alk.KMnO
(3) C H 9CH 9CH
IIIIIIIIIIIIIJ C H 9COOH;C H 9OH

Benzoic acid
(product)

SECTION – D
Q. 27. (i) (1) Teflon is polytetrafluoroethylene. The monomer used in preparation of teflon is
tetrafluoroethylene, (CF :CF ) which is a gas at room temperature. Tetraf-

luoroethylene is polymerized by using free radical initiators such as hydrogen
peroxide or ammonium persulphate at high pressure.
Polymerization
nCF :CF IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIJ –[ CF 9CF ]–n
Peroxide
(Tetrafluoroethene) (Teflon)
(2) Properties :
(i) Teflon is tough, chemically inert and resistant to heat and attack by
corrosive reagents.
(ii) C9F bond is very difficult to break and remains unaffected by corrosive
alkali, organic solvents.
(3) Uses : Teflon is used in making non-stick cookware, oil seals, gaskets, etc.
(4) FTIR : Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscope
(ii) Carbon black is a nanomaterial used for tyres of car to increase the life of tyres.
Q. 28. (a) (i) PbS(s) ;4O (g) IIIIIJ PbSO(s) ;4O (g)

(ii) 2KI(aq) ;H O(l) ;O (g) IIIIIJ 2KOH(aq) ;I (s) ;O (g)

(b) (i) Rare earths :
(1) Lanthanoids or 4 f-block elements are called rare earths.
(2) Lanthanoids are never found in free state, and their minerals are not pure.
(3) They exhibit similar chemical properties hence cannot be extracted and
separated by normal metallurgical processes.
(4) Lanthanoid metals are available on small scale. Therefore they are called
rare earths.
(ii) Lanthanoids are soft metals with silvery white colour. Colour and brightness
reduces on exposure to air.
Q. 29.
HBr alc. KOH
(1) CH 9CH :CH IIIIIIIIIIIJ CH 9CH 9CH 9Br IIIIIIIIIIIIIIJ CH 9CH:CH ;KBr;H O
Peroxide
(A) (B)
1-Bromopropane Propene
(major product)
A:CH 9CH 9CH 9Br

B:CH 9CH:CH

(2) (i) Free radical halogenation of alkane gives a mixture of all different possible Mono-
haloalkanes as well as polyhalogen alkanes.
(ii) In this method, by changing the quantity of halogen the desired product can be made to
predominate over the other products. Hence, alkyl halides are generally not prepared
by free radical halogenation of alkane.
Q. 30. (a) (1) While calculating osmotic pressure by equation, :CRT, the concentration is
expressed in molarity but not in molality.
(2) This is because the measurements of osmotic pressure are made at a certain
constant temperature.
(3) Molarity depends upon temperature but molality is independent of temperature.
(4) Hence in osmotic pressure measurements, concentration is expressed in
molarity.
(b) 4HCl(g) ;O (g) IIIJ 2Cl (g) ;2H O(g)

nHCl :1 mol; T:273;200:473 K, W:?
For 4 mol HCl n:(2;2)9(4;1):91 mol
1
For 1 mol HCl n:9 :90.25 mol
4
W:nRT:9(90.25);8.314;473:983.1 J
Q. 31. (i) When benzamide is heated with dil. HCl, benzoic acid is obtained.
(ii) Benzoic acid from ethyl benzoate : When an ethyl benzoate is heated with dil.
H SO , undergoes hydrolysis to form benzoic acid and ethyl alcohol.

(iii) When phenyl ethene is heated with strong oxidising agents like acidic KMnO or

acidic K Cr O , benzoic acid is obtained.

(iv) When phenyl magnesium bromide is treated with dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) in
the presence dry ether, complex is obtained which on acidification gives benzoic acid.

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