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LIST OF FORMULAE

Volume of a prism V = Ah where A is the area of a cross-section and h is the perpendicular

length.
2
Volume of cylinder V r h where r is the radius of the base and h is the perpendicular height.
1
Volume of a right pyramid V = — Ah where A is the area of the base and h is the perpendicular height.
3

Circumference C r where r is the radius of the circle.

Arc length S = —— r where is the angle subtended by the arc, measured in

360
degrees.
2
Area of a circle A r where r is the radius of the circle.
2
Area of a sector A = —— r where is the angle of the sector, measured in degrees.
360

1
Area of trapezium A=— (a + b) h where a and b are the lengths of the parallel sides and h
2
is the perpendicular distance between the parallel sides.
2
Roots of quadratic equations If ax + bx + c = 0,

2
–b + b – 4ac
then x = ——————
2a

opposite side
Trigonometric ratios sin = —————
hypotenuse

adjacent side
cos = —————
hypotenuse

opposite side
tan = —————
adjacent side

1
Area of triangle Area of = — bh where b is the length of the base and h is the perpendicular
2
height.
1
Area of ABC = — ab sin C
2

Area of ABC s (s – a) (s – b) (s – c)
a+b+c
where s = ————
2
a b c
Sine rule —— = —— = ——
sin A sin B sin C

2 2 2
Cosine rule a = b + c – 2bc cos A
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01234020/SPEC 2015