Name: Sheenalyn B.

Abordo
Learning Task 2.1 in Systems Engineering

Self driving cars, also referred to as autonomous vehicles, utilize a blend of sensors,
cameras, radar, LIDAR technology and sophisticated software to function independently
without human intervention. These groundbreaking automobiles possess the potential to
revolutionize transportation by improving safety, efficiency and accessibility.

Systems engineering can be applied on autonomous vehicles through the following

interrelated processes:
1. System Definition:
 The first step involves setting the goals, limitations and prerequisites
for the vehicle system, together with determining how the vehicle will
be used, all while adhering to safety regulations and establishing
performance benchmarks.

2. System analysis:
 Systems engineers examine the components of a system and how
they interact with each other. When it comes to vehicles this entails
studying the sensors, control algorithms, vehicle dynamics and
interfaces between humans and machines.

3. System Design:
 The system design of vehicles involves engineers who carefully plan
and create the framework for the hardware, software and
communication protocols. These professionals make decisions about
which sensors to incorporate (i.e., cameras, lidar and radar), the
computing platform to be utilized and the control algorithms that will
govern the vehicle's operation.

4. Integration and Testing:

 The different components are brought together in a prototype vehicle
and thorough testing is carried out. This involves checking the
vehicle's capability to accurately perceive its surroundings, make
driving judgments and respond safely to situations.

5. Validation and Verification

 Systems engineers make sure the autonomous vehicle complies with
the requirements and follows safety guidelines. In order to verify the
system's dependability, this entails both simulation-based validation
and real-world testing, frequently including millions of miles.

6. Risk Management:
 Systems engineers identify and reduce risks throughout the process,
such as sensor failures, software faults, or cybersecurity threats. To
improve system safety, they create backup plans and redundancy
systems.

7. Lifecycle Management:
 The long-term management of autonomous cars is also a component
of systems engineering. This includes maintenance, modifications to
reflect shifting conditions and regulations, and eventual retirement or
replacement of the vehicles.
 8. Human-Machine Interaction:
 The interaction between the autonomous vehicle and its users or
passengers is taken into account. Communication protocols and user
interfaces are created to guarantee a secure and convenient
experience.

9. Regulatory Compliance:
 Systems engineers check that the autonomous vehicle conforms with
the regulations and requirements given by the authorities, which
frequently call for a lot of documentation and reporting.

10. Continuous Improvement:

 After the system is put into service, data gathered from autonomous
vehicles can be used to iteratively improve the system's functionality,
safety, and efficiency.

Autonomous vehicles depend greatly on systems engineering throughout their

development journey. This entails establishing goals for the system, as well as examining
and creating the hardware and software components, seamlessly integrating them ensuring
safety and performance through thorough validation procedures adhering to regulations and
effectively managing the lifecycle of these vehicles. By applying principles of systems
engineering we guarantee that autonomous vehicles can operate reliably and safely in real
world scenarios.
Name: Sheenalyn B. Abordo
Learning Task 2.1 in Systems Engineering