SMART ACADEMY

SSC ONE SHOT REVESION

MATHEMATICS

S.No Chapter 1M 2M 4M 8M T
1. Real Numbers 1 1 - 1 11
2. Sets 1 1 1 - 7
3. Polynomials 1 - 1 1 13
4. Linear Equations in two 1 1 1 - 7
variables
5. Quadratic Equations 1 - - 1 9
6. Progressions - - 1 1 12
7. Coordinate Geometry 1 1 - 1 11
8. Similar Triangles 1 - 1 1 13
9. Tangents & Secants to a 1 1 1 - 7
circle
10. Mensuration 1 1 - 1 11
11. Trigonometry 1 1 1 - 7
12. Applicationsof 1 - - 1 9
Trigonometry
13. Probability - - 1 1 12
14. Statistics 1 1 - 1 11
Total 12 8 8 10 140

ONE SHOT REVISION

PREPARED BY SMART ACADEMY
BASED ON WEIGHTAGE
 REAL NUMBERS
TOPICS
1. Euclid’s Division Lemma
2. LCM & HCF
3. Composite Numbers
4. Terminating & Non Terminating Decimals
5. To prove Irrational
6. To find Logarithm values
7. To prove logarithm equates

KEY CONCEPTS
1. Euclids Division Lemma : If a and b are two positive integers , then there exists unique
pair p and q which satisfies a = bq + r , 0 < r < b.
2. Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic : Every composite number can be expressed as a
product of its primes.
3. If p is a prime and p divides a2 , then p divides a (where a is a positive integer)
4. If denominator of a rational number is of the form 2n.5m then its decimal expansion is
terminating.
5. If the denominator of a rational number is not of the form 2 n5m, then its decimal
expansion is non terminating repeating (recurring).

Laws of Logarithms
log xy  log x  log y
x
log    log x  log y
 y
log x m  m log x
a loga N  N
If a x  N , then x  log a N a  1, N  0, a, N  R

Euclids Division Lemma

1. To show that any positive odd integer is of the form 6q+1 , or 6q+3 or 6q +5 where q is
some integers.
2. To show that the square of any positive integer is of the form 3p , 3p + 1
3. To show that the cube of any positive integer is of the form 9m , 9m + 1 or 9m + 8
4. Using EDL HCF of a) 900 and 270 b)196 and 38220 c) 1651 and 2032

LCM & HCF by Prime Factorisation

1. Express as a product of its prime factors.
a) 140 b)156 c)3825 d) 5005
2. Find LCM and HCF by the prime factorization method
a) 12, 15, 21 b)17,23, 29 c) 72 and 108 d)306 and 657
Composite Numbers
1. Explain why 7 x 11 x 13 + 13 and 7 x 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 + 5 are composite numbers.
2. How will you show that (17 x 11 x 2)+ (17 x 11 x 5) is a composite number?
3. What is the last digit of 6100
4. Check whether 6n can end with the digit 0 for any natural number n

Terminating and Non Terminating Decimals

1. State which are terminating and non terminating repeating decimal

3 229 1 8
a) b) c) 4 d)
8 400 5 125
2. Without performing division, state which are terminating and non terminating repeating
decimal

13 64 23 129
a) b) c) d)
3125 455 23.52 2
2 .57.75

To Prove Irrational
1. a) 2 b) 5
2. a) 2  3 b) 5  3 c ) 5  3 d) p q
1
3. a) 6  2 b) 3  2 5 c) 3 2 d)
2
4.log 2 and log100 rational or irrational

To find Logarithm Value

1. log 25  5 log x  x 1
log 2  
 16 
log10  0.01
 8 
log 2  
3  27 

 p 2 q3   x3   128   343 
2. Expand log   log  3 log 2   log x 2 y 3 z 4 log  
 r   y   625   125 
 
3. Express as log N a) log 2  log 5 b) log 2 16  log 2 2 c) 3log 64 4 d ) log10  2log 3  log 2
4.Evalue each of the following in terms of x and y, if x  log 2 3 and y  log 2 5
a) log 2 15 b) log 2 7.5 c) log 2 60 d ) log 2 6750
1
5. Find a) 2 log 5  log 9  log 3  log x b) 2 log 3  3log 5  5log 2
2

To Prove Logarithm Equates

1. If x 2  y 2  25 xy, then prove that 2 log( x  y )  3log 3  log x  log y
 x y 1 x y
2. If log     log x  log y  , then find the value of 
 3  2 y x
1 1
3.If  2.3   0.23  1000 then find the value of 
x y

x y
4.2 x 1  31 x then find the value of x
 SETS
TOPICS
1. Sets and Types of Sets
2. Roster Form
3. Set Builder Form
4. Venn Diagrams & Operations on sets
Key Concepts

TYPE DEFINATION EXAMPLE

Any object in the universe of
SET Well defined collection of objects objects which are allowed into
consideration
Empty or Null
No element A = { } or 
Set
If every element in A belongs to B & A = {8, 14, 18, 20}
Equal Sets
every element in B belongs to A B = {18, 8, 20, 14}
Cardinal
A = {a, b, c, d, e,f }
Number of Number of elements in a set
n(A) = 6
the set
The set containing all objects or
Universal Set elements and of which all other sets U or 
are subsets
Finite Set Fixed no of elements A = {2, 4, 5, 6}
Infinite Set No fixed no of elements A = {1,2,3,……}
A = {1, 3, 5, 7}
Disjoint Sets No common elements in A and B
B = {2, 4, 6, 8}
A = {2, 3, 4}
Consists of all the elements of the
Union B = {5, 8, 9}
given sets
AUB = {2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9}
A = {2, 4, 6, 8}
Intersection Common elements of the given sets B = {4, 8, 12, 16}
A  B = {4, 8}
Subtracting elements of the set B A = {2, 4, 6, 8} B = {4, 8, 12, 16}
Difference
from the set A A - B = {2, 6}
n  A  B   n( A)  n( B )  n( A  B )
Sets and Types of Sets
1. Which of the following are sets?
A) The collection of all the months of a year beginning with the letter J
B) The collection of ten most talented writers of India
C) A team of eleven best cricket batsmen of the world
D) The collection of all boys in your class
E) The collection of all even integers
2. If A = {p, q, r} and B = {q, p, r} , then check whether A = B or not?
3. If A = {p,q, r, s} and B = { 1, 2, 3, 4 }. Are they equal.
4. State which of the following sets are empty and which are not?
A) The set of lines passing through a point
B) Set of odd natural numbers divisible by 2
C) {x : x is a natural number, x< 5 and x > 7}
D) {x : x is a common point to any two parallel lines}
E) Set of even prime numbers
5. State which of the following sets are finite or infinite.
A) The set of letters in the English alphabet
B) The set of lines which are parallel to the x axis
C) The set of numbers which are multiples of 5
D) The set of circles passing through the origin (0, 0)
ROSTER FORM
Write the following sets in roster form
1. B = {x : x is a natural number smaller than 6}
2. C = { x : x is a two digit natural numbers such that the sum of its digits is 8}
3. D = {x : x is a prime number which is a divisor of 60}
4. E = {x : x is an alphabet in BETTER}
5. A = {x : x is a natural numbers greater than 50 but smaller than 100}
6. B = {x : x is an integer , x2 = 4}
7. D = {x : x is a letter in the word LOYAL }
8. {x : x is prime number and a divisor of 6}
9. {x : x is an odd natural number smaller than 10}
10. {x : x is natural number and a divisor of 6}
11. {x : x is a letter of the word MATHEMATICS}
SET BUILDER FORM
Write the following sets in set builder form
1. {3, 6, 9, 12}
2. {2, 4, 8, 16, 32}
3. {5, 25, 125, 625}
4. {1, 4,9, 16, 25, ……100}
5. {1,2,3,6}
6. {2, 3}
7. {1,3,5,7,9}
8. {M, A, T, H, E, I, C, S}
9. {3, 6, 9, 12}
10. {F, L , O, W}

VENN DIAGRAMS

VENN DIAGRAMS COMPLEMENTS

OPERATIONS ON SETS
Short Answer Type Questions
1. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4} ; B = {1, 2, 3, 5, 6} then A   and A  A find
2. A = {0, 2, 4} find A  B then what is A  B comment
3. If A = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10} and B ={3, 6, 9, 12, 15} find A - B and B - A
4. If A and B are two sets such that AB AB CD CD
5. List all the subsets of the following sets
A = {p, q} B = {x, y, z} C = {a, b, c, d} D = {1, 4, 9, 16}
6. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4} ; B = {2, 4, 6, 8} then find n(AUB)
7. Show that the sets A and B are equal, where
A = {x : x is a letter in the word ASSASSINATOIN}
B = {x : x is a letter in the word STATION}
8. If A = {1,2,3} and B = {3,4,5} then illlustrate in Venn diagrams.
9. If A = {4,5,6} and B = {7, 8} then show that AUB = BUA
10. If A = {6,9,11} ; m = { }, find AU , A  Band B  A

Long Answer Type Questoins

11. If A = {x : x is a natural number} B = {x : x is an even natural number}
C = {x : x is an odd natural number} D = {x : x is a prime number}
AB AC A D BC BD CD
12. If A = {3,6,9, 12, 15, 18, 21} B = {4,8,12,16,20} C = {2, 4,6,8,10,12,14,16} D = {5,10,15,20}
A) A - B A-C A-D B-A
B) C - A D- A B - C B -D
C) A  
 POLYNOMIAL
TOPICS
1. Polynomials & its Coefficient, Degree
2. Value & Zeroes of a polynomial and its method.
3. Graphical representation of a linear and quadratic polynomial
4. Relationship between zeroes and coefficient of a quadratic and cubic polynomial
5. Division Algorithm for polynomials

Key Concepts
1. A polynomial is an algebraic expression involves only non negative integer powers.
2. A quadratic polynomial in x with real coefficients is of the form ax 2 + bx + c, where a, b,
c are real numbers with a ≠ 0
3. Polynomials of degrees 1, 2 and 3 are called linear, quadratic and cubic polynomials
respectively.
4. The zeroes of the polynomial p(x) are the x - coordinates of the points where the graph
of y = p(x) intersects the x - axis.
5. A quadratic polynomial can have at most 2 zeroes and a cubic polynomial can have the
most zeroes.
6. If  and  are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial ax2 + bx + c , a ≠ 0 , then
b c
     ,  
a a
7. If  ,  ,  are the zeroes of the cubic polynomial ax3 + bx2 + cx + d , a ≠ 0 , then
b
     
a
c
     
a
d
  
a
8. The division algorithm states that given any polynomial p(x) and any non zero polynomial
g(x), there are polynomials q(x) and r(x) such that p(x) = g(x)q(x) + r(x)

Polynomials & its Coefficient, Degree

1. Which of the following are polynomials and which are not ?
1 3 1 1
3x 2  5x  6, ,x , 2x  5 , 3x 3
x 2
2x y 1
2. Find coefficient, degree, constant term
A) P(x) = 5x7 - 6x5 + 7x - 6 C) P(x) = 4x8 - 3x9 + 2x - 9
B) P(x) = x2 - 6x4 + 7x6 - 5 D) P(x) = 10x3 - 6x2 + 4x - 2
Value & Zeroes of a polynomial and its method.
1. P(x) = x2 - 5x - 6, find the values of p(1) , p(2), p(3), p(0), p(-1), p(-2), p(-3).
2. P(x) = m2 - 3m + 1 , find the value of p(1) and p(-1)
3. P(t) = t3 - 1, find the values of p(1), p(-1), p(0), p(2), p(-2).
4. Check whether -2, 2 and 3 are the zeroes of the polynomial
A) x4 - 16 B) x2 - x - 6
5. Find the zeroes of the given polynomial
A) P(x) = 3x B) p(x) = x2 + 5x + 6 C) x2 - x - 12 D) x2 - 6x + 9
6. Why are 1/4 and -1 are zeroes of the polynomial p(x) = 4x2 + 3x - 1

Graphical representation of a linear and quadratic polynomial

1. Draw the graphs of the given polynomial and find the zeroes.
A) P(x) = x2 - x - 12 B) p(x) = x2 - 1
2. Draw the graphs of the given linear polynomial and find the zeroes
A) y = 2x + 3 B) y = 2x
3. Draw the graphs of the given cubic polynomial and find the zeroes
A) y = x3 - 4x B) y = x3 - x2

Relationship between zeroes and coefficient of a quadratic and cubic polynomial

1. Find the quadratic polynomial , sum and product of its zeroes respectively
1 1 1 1
A) , 1 B) 2, C)  , D) 0, 5
4 3 4 4
2. Find the quadratic polynomial , for the zeroes a, b given in each case
1 1 3
A) ,  1 B) 3,  3 C) , D) 2,  1
4 2 2
3. Find the zeroes of the following quadratic polynomials and verify the relationship
between the zeroes and the coefficients
A) x2 - 2x - 8 B) 4s2 - 4s + 1 C) 4u2 + 8u D) t2 - 15
4. Verify that 1, -1 and - 3 are the zeroes of the cubic polynomial x3 + 3x2- x - 3 and check
the relationship between zeroes and the coefficients
5. Verify that 3, -1 and - 1/3 are the zeroes of the cubic polynomial 3x3 - 5x2- 11x - 3 and
check the relationship between zeroes and the coefficients
Division Algorithm for polynomials
1. Divide the polynomial p(x) by the polynomial g(x) and find the quotient and remainder in
each of the following OR
Check in which case the first polynomial is a factor of the second polynomial by dividing
the second polynomial by the first polynomial
A) t2 - 3 , 2t4 + 3t3 - 2t2 - 9t - 12
B) x3 - 3x + 1, x5 - 4x3 + x2 + 3x + 1
C) g(x) = x2 - 2 , p(x) = x3 - 3x2 + 5x - 3
D) gx) = 2 - x2 , p(x) = x4 - 5x + 6

Additional Questions
1. Obtain all other zeroes of 3x4 + 6x3 - 2x2 - 10x - 5, if two of its zeroes are 5 5
,
3 3

2. On dividing x3 - 3x2 + x + 2 by a polynomial g(x) , the quotient and remainder were x - 2

and - 2x + 4 respectively. Find g(x).
3. Find all the zeroes of 2x4 - 3x3 - 3x2 + 6x - 2, if you know that two of its zeroes are ,-
 PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES
TOPICS
1. Relation between coefficients and nature of system of equations
2. Solutions of pair of equations by graphical method
3. Solutions of pair of equations by
1. Elimination method
2. Substitution method
4. Word problems
5. Reducible to a pair of linear equations in two variable

Key concepts
1. Two linear equations in the same two variables are called a pair of linear equations in
two variables
a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 (a22 + b22 = 0) a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 (a22 + b22 = 0)

Relation between coefficients and nature of system of equations

1. Check whether the given pair of equations are consistent, inconsistent , intersecting
lines parallel, coincide, and has unique solution, no solution , infinitely many solutions
a) 3x + 2y = 8 b) 2x + y - 6 = 0 c) x - y = 8
2x - 3y = 1 4x - 2y - 4 = 0 3x - 3y = 16
Solutions of pair of equations by graphical method
1. Check whether the given pair of equations are consistent, inconsistent, intersecting
lines, parallel, coincide and has unique solution, no solution infinitely many solutions
a) 3x + 4y = 2 b) 4x - 6y - 15 = 0 c) 2x + y = 5
6x + 8y = 4 2x - 3y - 5 = 0 3x - 2y = 4

Solving the pair of equations

1. Solve the given pair of equations using substitution method
a) 2x - y = 5 b) 0.2x + 0.3y - 13 = 0 c) 2x + 3y = 9
3x + 2y = 11 0.4x + 0.5y - 2.3 = 0 3x + 4y = 5
2. Solve the given pair of equations using elimination method
a) 3x + 2y = 11 b) 8x + 5y = 9 c) 3x + 4y = 25
2x + 3y = 4 4x + 6y = 7 5x - 6y = -9

Word problems
1. 5 pencils and 7 pens together cost 50 whereas 7 pencils and 5 pens together cost 46.
Find the cost of one pencil and that of one pen
2. The sum of a two digit number and the number obtained by reversing the digits is 66. if
the digits of the number is 2, find the number. How many such numbers are there?
3. The larger of two supplementary angles exceeds the smaller by 18 o. Find the angles.
4. Two angles are complementary. The larger angle is 3o less than twice the measure of
the smaller angle. Find the measure of each angle.
5. A fraction becomes 4/5 if 1 is added to both numerator and denominator. If , however ,
5 is subtracted from both numerator and denominator, the fraction becomes 1/2. What
is the fraction.

Reducible to a pair of linear equations in two variable

 QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
TOPICS
1. Quadratic Equations and representation
2. Solutions of a quadratic equation by factorization
3. Solution of a quadratic equation by completing the square
4. Nature of roots
5. Word problems

Key Concepts
1. Standard form of quadratic equations in variable x is ax 2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b, c are
real numbers and a ≠ 0.
2. The roots of a quadratic equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 are given by  b  b  4ac
2

2a
3. A quadratic equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 has
I) Two distinct real roots , if b2 - 4ac > 0
II) Two equal roots (i.e., coincident roots), if b 2 - 4ac = 0
III) No real roots , if b2 - 4ac < 0

Quadratic Equations and representation

1. Check whether the following are quadratic equations
a) (x + 1)2 = 2(x - 3) b) x2 + 3x + 1 = (x - 2)2
2. Represent the following situations in the form of quadratic equations.
a) The area of a rectangular plot is 528 m2. The length of the plot is one more than twice
its breadth. We need to find the length and breadth of the plot.
b) The product of two consecutive positive integers is 306. We need to find the integers.

Solutions of a quadratic equation by factorization

1. Find the roots of the following equations by factorization
a) 2x2- 5x + 3 = 0 b) x2 - 3x - 10 = 0 c) 3(x - 4)2 - 5(x - 4) = 12

Solution of a quadratic equation by completing the square

1. Find the roots of the following quadratic equations, if they exist, by the method of
completing square
a) 2x2+ x - 4 = 0 b) 5x2 - 7x - 6 = 0 c) x2 + 5 = -6x
Nature of roots
1. Find the nature of the roots of the following quadratic equations. If real roots exists, find
them
a) 2x2 - 3x + 5 = 0 b) 2x2 - 6x + 3 = 0
2. Find the values of k for each of the following quadratic equations, so that they have two
equal roots.
a) 2x2 + kx + 3 = 0 b) kx(x -2) + 6 = 0

Word problems
1. Find two numbers whose sum is 27 and product is 182.
2. Find two consecutive positive integers, sum of whose squares is 613
3. A motor boat whose speed is 18km/h in still water. It takes 1 hour more to go 24km
upstream than to return downstream to the same spot. Find the speed of the stream.
4. Two water taps together can fill a tank in 9 3/8hours. The tap of larger diameter takes
10 hours less than the smaller one to fill the tank separately. Find the time in which
each tap can separately fill the tank.
5. The sum of the reciprocals of Rehman’s ages 3years ago and 5 years from now is 1/3.
Find his present age.
 COORDINATE GEOMETRY
TOPICS
1. Distance between two points , on a line parallel to the coordinate axes, in the x-y plane
2. Collinear points, Section formula, Mid points, Centroid of a triangle, Trisection points
3. Area of triangle & Heron’s formula
4. Straight line , slope of a line joining the points

Key Concepts
1. The distance between two points P(x1, y1) and Q(x2, y2) is  x 2  x1 2   y2  y1 2

2. The distance of a point P(x, y) from the origin is x  y

2 2

3. The distance between two points on a line parallel to Y axis is |y2 - y1|

4. The distance between two points on a line parallel to X axis is |x 2 - x1|

5. The coordinates of the point P(x, y) which divides the line segment joining the points
A(x1, y1) and B(x2, y2) internally in the ratio m1 : m2 are  m1x 2  m2 x1 , m1y2  m2 y1 
 
 m1  m2 m1  m2 

6. The mid point of the line segment joining the points A(x1, y1) and B(x2, y2) is
 x1  x 2 y1  y 2 
 
 2 2 
7. The point that divides each median in the ratio 2 : 1 is the centroid of a triangle
8. The centroid of a triangle is the point of intersection of its medians. Hence the
coordinates of the centroid are  x1  x 2  x 3 y1  y 2  y3 

 3 3 

9. The point which divides a line segment into three equal parts is said to be the trisectional
point 1 : 2 or 2 : 1
10. The area of triangle formed by the points 1/2|x1(y2 - y3) + x2(y3 - y1) + x3(y1 - y2)|

11. Heron’s formula A  S(S  a))(S  b)(S  c) ; S  a  b  c

2

12. Slope of the line containing the points is m  y 2  y1

x 2  x1
Distance between two points , on a line parallel to the coordinate axes, in the x-y plane
1. Find the distance between the following pairs of points
2. Find a point on the y axis which is equidistant from both the points A(6, 5) and B(-4, 3)
3. What is the distance between A(4, 0) and B(8, 0)
4. Find the distance between origin and (7,4)
5. If the distance between two points (x, 7) and (1, 15) is 10. Find the value of x
6. Show that the points A(1, 7), B(4, 2), C (-1, -1) and D (-4, 4) are the vertices of a square
7. Prove that the points (-7, -3), (5, 10) (15, 8) and (3, -5) taken in the order are the corners
of a parallelogram.
8. Show that the points (-4, -7), (-1, 2) (8, 5) and (5, -4) taken in the order are the vertices
of a rhombus
9. Name the type of quadrilateral formed by the following points (-1, -2) (1, 0) (-1, 2)(-3, 0)
10. Show that the points form a equilateral triangle A(a, 0), B(-a, 0), C  0, 3 

Collinear points, Section formula, Mid points

1. Verify that the points (1, 5)(2, 3)(-2, -1) are collinear or not
2. Show that the points A(4, 2), B(7,5) and C(9, 7) are three points lie on the same line
3. Find the coordinates of the point which divides the line segment joining the points
(4, -3)and (8, 5) in the ratio 3 : 1 internally
4. Find the point which divides the line segment joining the points (3, 5)and (8, 10) in the `
ratio 2 : 3 internally
5. Find the mid point of the line segment joining the points (3, 0) and(1, -4)
6. Find the centroid of the triangle whose vertices are (3, -5), (-7, 4), (10, -2)
7. In what ratio does the point (-4, 6) divide the line segment joining the points
A(-6, 10) and B(3, -8)
8. Find the coordinates of points which divide the line segment joining A(-4, 0) and B(0, 6)
into four equal parts.
9. Find the trisectional points of line joining (2, 6) and (-4, 8)
10. If the points (6, 1), (8, 2), (9, 4), (p, 3) are the vertices of a parallelogram, taken in order,
find the value of p.
Area of triangle , Heron’s formula & Slope of the line
1. Find the area of the triangle whose vertices are
a) (2,3), (-1,0), (2,-4) b) (0, 0), (3, 0), (0, 2)
2. Find the value of K for which the points are collinear
a) (8, 1), (K, -4), (2, -5) b) (K, K), (2, 3), (4, -1)
3. Find the area of the triangle formed by the points by using Heron’s formula
a) (1, 1), (1, 4), (5, 1) b) (2, 3), (-1, 3), (2, -1)
4. Find the slope of the line joining the two given points
a) (4, -8), (5, -2) b) (0, 0),  3, 3 
5. The end points of a line are (2, 3) (4, 5).Find the slope of the line.
 PROBABILITY
TOPICS
1. Probability of a coin and dice
2. Complementary events and probability
3. Deck of cards and its probability
4. Related word problems

Key Concepts

S.No Type Defination Example

Probability Number of favourable in event P(Head) = 1/2
1.
0 ≤ P(E) ≤ 1 Total number of outcomes
Two or more events are said to be The event of
Equally likely equally likely if each one of them getting a head or
2.
events has an equal chance of occurance. tail when a coin is
tossed.
Two or more events are mutually The event of
Mutually exclusive if the occurrence of each getting head and
3. Exclusive event prevents the every other tail when a coin is
events event.(both can’t occur at the same tossed
time, but not neccesarily imply)
Complementa The sum of the probabilities of all Raining and not
4. ry events outcomes in a sample space is 1 raining are
P(E)+P(E’) = 1 complements.
Exhaustive All the events are exhaustive events The event of
events if their union is the sample space. getting head and
5.
(one of them tail when a coin is
must occur) tossed
The sample space of a random The event of
Sure events
6. experiment is called sure event getting 1 and 6
P(E) is 1
when rolling a die,
Impossible An event which will not occur on any The event of
7. events account is called an impossible getting 7 when a
P(E) is 0 event die is rolled.
Probability , tossing a coin and dice
1. Find the probability of getting a head when a coin is tossed once. Also find the
probability of getting a tail.
2. Harpreet tosses two different coins simultaneously. What is the probability that she
gets at least one head?
3. When a die is thrown once. What is the probability of getting a number greater than 4 ?
and when a number less than or equal to 4?
4. A die is thrown once. Find the probability of getting
i) a prime number ii) a number lying between 2 and 6 iii) an odd number
5. Two dice are rolled at the same time. Write down all the possible outcomes. What is the
probability that the sum of the two numbers appearing on the top of the dice is
i) 8 ii) 13 iii) less than or equal to 12
6. A dice is thrown twice. What is the probabilty that
a) 5 will not come up either time ?
b) 5 will come up at least once ?

Complementary events and probability

1. If P(E) = 0.05, what is the probability of ‘not E’?
2. It is given that in a group of 3 students, the probability of 2 students not having the same
birthday is 0.992. What is the probability that the 2 students have the same birthday?
3. Sangeeta and Reshma, play a tennis match. It is known that the probability of sangeeta
winning the match is 0.62. What is the probability of reshma winning the match?
4. Sarada and Hamida are friends. What is the probability that both will have
a) different birthday’s and b) the same birthday
5. A bag contains 3 red balls and 5 black balls. A ball is drawn at random from the bag. What
is the probabilty that the ball drawn is a) red b) not red ?

Deck of cards and its probability

1. Rahim takes out all the hearts from the cards. What is the probability of
a) Picking out an ace from the remaining pack.
b) Picking out a diamonds
c) Picking out a card that is not a heart
d) Picking out the ace of hearts
2. One card is drawn from a well shuffled deck of 52 cards. Find the probabilty of getting
a) A king of red colour d) A face card
 b) A red face card e) The jack of hearts
c) A spade f) The queen of diamonds
3. Five cards the ten, jack, queen, king and ace of diamonds, are well shuffled with their
face downwards.One card is then picked up at random.
A) What is the probability that the card is the queen
B) If the queen is drawn and put aside, what is the probability that the second card
picked up is an ace and a queen ?

Related word problems

1. A bag contains lemon flavoured candies only. Malini takes out one candy without
looking into the bag. What is the probability that she takes out
i) an orange flavoured only ii) a lemon flavoured candy?
2. A bag contains a red ball, a blue ball and an yellow ball, all the balls being of the same
size. Manasa takes out a ball from the bag without looking into it. What is the
probability that she takes a i) yellow ball ii) red ball iii) blue ball?
3. 12 defective pens are accidentally mixed with 132 good ones. It is not possible to just
look at a pen and tell whether or not it is defective. One pen is taken out at random
from this lot. Determine the probabilty that the pen taken out is a good one.
4. A lot of 20 bulbs contain 4 defective ones. One bulb is drawn at random from the lot. `
What is the probability that this bulb is defective.Suppose the bulb drawn in previous
case is not defective and is not replaced. Now one bulb is drawn at random from the
rest. What is the probability that this bulb is not defective?
5. A box contains 90 discs which are numbered from 1 to 90. If one disc is drawn at random
from the box. Find the probability that it bears
a) a two digit number
b) a perfect square number
c) a number divisible by 5
 STATISTICS
TOPICS
1. Mean of ungrouped data
2. Mode of ungrouped data
3. Median of grouped data
4. Graphical representation of cumulative frequency distribution and ogive curve
5. Obtaining median from ogive curve

Key concepts
1. The mean for grouped data is calculated by
a) Direct Method x   fi x i
 fi

 fi di
b) Assumed Mean Method x  a 
 fi

c) Step Deviation Method x  a    fi u i  x h

  fi 

2. The mode for grouped data   f1  f0  x h

 2f1  f 0  f 2 

l = lower boundary of the modal class

h = size of the modal class interval
f1 = frequency of the modal class
f0 = frequency of the class preceeding the modal class
f2 = frequency of the class succeeding the modal class
3. Median for grouped data n 
  cf 
 2 x h
 f 
 

 In order to find median, class intervals should be continuous

 Median of grouped data can be obtained graphically as the x coordinate of the point
of intersection of the two ogives of the data.
4. Representing a cumulative frequency distribution graphically as a cumulative frequency
curve, or an ogive of the less than type and of the more than type.
5. While drawing ogives, class boundaries are taken on X axis and corresponding
cumulative frequencies are taken on Y axis.
6. Scale on both the axes may not be equal
Mean of ungrouped data
1. The marks obtained in mathematics by 30 students of class X of a certain school are
given in table below. Find the mean of the marks obtained by the students.

Marks
10 20 36 40 50 56 60 70 72 80 88 92 95
obtained
No of
students 1 1 3 4 3 2 2 4 4 1 1 2 3

2. The marks obtained in mathematics by 30 students of class X of a certain school are

given in table below. Find the mean of the marks obtained by the students.

Marks
10-25 25-40 40-55 55-70 70-85 85-100
obtained
No of students 2 3 7 6 6 6

3. The table below gives the percentage distribution of female teachers in the primary
schools of rural areas of various states and union territories of India. Find the mean
percentage of female teachers using all the three methods

Percentage of
female 15-25 25-35 35-45 45-55 55-65 65-75 75-85
teachers
No of students 6 11 7 4 4 2 1

4. The distribution below shows the number of wickets taken by bowlers in one day cricket
matches. Find the mean number of wickets by choosing a suitable method. What does
the mean signify?

No of wickets 20-60 60-100 100-150 150-250 250-350 350-450

No of bowlers 7 5 16 12 2 3

5. The following distribution shows the daily pocket allowance of children of a locality. THe
mean pocket allowance is 18rs. Find the missing frequency f

Daily Pocket
11-13 13-15 15-17 17-19 19-21 21-23 23-25
Allowance
No of children 7 6 9 13 f 5 4
Mode of grouped data
1. The wickets taken by a bowler in 10 cricket matches are as follows
a) 2, 6, 4, 5,0, 2, 1,3, 2, 3
b) 5, 6, 9,10,6,12,3,6,11,10,4,6,7
c) 20,3,7,13,3,4,6,7,19,15,7,18,3
d) 2,2,2,3,3,3,4,4,4,5,5,5,6,6,6
2. A survey conducted on 20 households in a locality by a group of students resulted in the
following frequency table for the number of family members in a household

Family size 1-3 3-5 5-7 7-9 9-11

No of students 7 8 2 2 1

3. The following table shows the ages of the patients admitted in a hospital during a year.
Find the mode and the mean of the data given above. Compare and interpret the two
measures of central tendency.

Age 5-15 15-25 25-35 35-45 45-55 55-65

No of students 6 11 21 23 14 5

4. The following distribution gives the state wise, teacher student ratio in higher
secondary schools of india. Find the mode and mean of this data. Interpret the two
measures.

No of students 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40 40-45 45-50 50-55

No of states 3 8 9 10 3 0 0 2
5. Write the formula for mode and write its terms.

Median of grouped data

1. A survey regarding the heights of 51 girls of class X of a school was conducted and data
was obtained as shown in table. Find their median.

Less Less Less Less Less Less

Height (in cm) than than than than than than
140 145 150 155 160 165
No of girls 4 11 29 40 46 51
2. The median of the following data is 525. Find the values of x and y , if the total
frequency is 100. Here, CI stands for class interval and Fr for frequency

Less Less Less Less Less Less

Height (in cm) than than than than than than
140 145 150 155 160 165
No of girls 4 11 29 40 46 51

3. The following frequency distribution gives the monthly consumption of electricity of 68

consumers of a locality. Find the median, mean and mode of the data and compare
them.

Monthly
65-85 85-105 105-125 125-145 145-165 165-185 185-205
consumption

No of
4 5 13 20 14 8 4
consumers

4. A life insurance agent found the following data about distribution of ages of 100 policy
holders. Calculate the median age. [policies are given only to person having age 18 years
onwards but less than 60 years]

Below Below Below Below Below Below Below Below Below

Age
20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60

No of
policy 2 6 24 45 78 89 92 98 100
holders

5. If the median of 60 observations, given below is 28.5, find the values of x and y

Class Interval 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60

No of
5 X 20 15 Y 5
consumers
Graphical representation of cumulative frequency distribution and ogive curve
1. The following distribution gives the daily income of 50 workers of a factory. Convert the
distribution above to a less than type cummulative frequency distribution,and draw its
ogive.

Daily Income 250-300 300-350 350-400 400-450 450-500

No of
12 14 8 6 10
Workers

2. The following table gives production yield per hectare of wheat of 100 farms of a village.
Change the distribution to a more than type distribution and draw its ogive.

Production
50-55 55-60 60-65 65-70 70-75 75-80
yield
No of
2 8 12 24 38 16
Farmers

Obtaining median from ogive curve

1. During the medical check up of 35 students of a class, their weights were recorded as
follows .Draw a less than type ogive for the given data. Hence obtain the median weight
from the graph and verify the result by using the formula.

No of
Weight (in Kg)
students
Less than 38 0
Less than 40 3
Less than 42 5
Less than 44 9
Less than 46 14
Less than 48 28
Less than 50 32
Less than 52 35