Republic of the Philippines

UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN PHILIPPINES

University Town, Northern Samar
Website: uep.edu.ph; Email:uepnsofficial@gmail.com

GRADUATE SCHOOL
Master of Science in Biological Science
Syllabus in Natural History and Classification
Second Semester, SY 2023-2024

UEP’s Vision

Academically competitive, research and development- focused, public service-driven, and economically sustainable state higher education
institution.

UEP’s Mission

To offer academic program and services that will effectively transform individuals into productive citizens of the country and accelerate the
development of high-level professionals who will provide leadership in meeting the demands of sustainable development and challenges of a
diverse and globalized society.

Institutional Graduate Outcomes

Graduate of the University of Eastern Philippines should:

1. Exhibit proficiency in their chosen field of discipline through their involvement in various types of employment;

2. Utilize research methodologies that will allow them to generate new knowledge and address problems and issues and promote
development;

3. Values Philippine historical and cultural heritage;

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4. Demonstrate global awareness through responsible global citizenship;

5. Clearly communicate in several modes of delivery (oral, written, and visual) in English and Filipino; and

6. Manifest high degree of professionalism through observation of ethical and professional behavior.

Goal of the Graduate Studies

To attain quality and excellence, access and equity, relevance and responsiveness, and efficiency and effectiveness in the delivery of graduate
education.

Program Outcomes

The Graduates of Master of Science in Biology program should:

1. Prepare men and women for teaching and research in the field of biology.
2. Enhance and enrich the capabilities of the students already engaged in teaching and research; and
3. Prepare students for work in industries and government agencies requiring expertise in the field of biology.

Course Title: BioSci 811 – Natural History and Classification / Class ID No. 1290171 / Time: 2:00-5:00 PM Saturday

Course Credits: 3 UNITS Contact Hours/Week: 3 HOURS

Course Description: This course will provide a comprehensive discussion and understanding of the structure and history of
artificial, natural, and phylogenetic classification schemes, inclusive of the problems of classification, and the
methods of collecting plant and animal specimens.

Course Map and Learning Outcomes

At the end of this course, the students should be able to:

A. INTELLECTUAL COMPETENCIES (Knowledge)

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 1. Identify the men whose works contributed to the development of a classification system based on biological data.

2. Understand the fundamental concepts of taxonomic classification.

3. To understand, and be able to critically analyze the scientific evidence underlying the current understanding of classification of
organisms.

B. PRACTICAL SKILLS (Skills)

1. Use and develop critical thinking skills through examinations and in class discussions.

2. Enrich application of new material on characterizing the hierarchy of categories in the classification of organisms.

C. PERSONAL AND CIVIC RESPONSIBILITIES (Values)

1. Gain appreciation of the diversity and complexity of organisms.

2. Appreciation for the importance of understanding past and present biological classification schemes.

Number of Hours: 3 hours every week for 18 weeks or 54 hours in a semester

Course Outline and Time Frame

Weeks Course Content/ Subject Matter

1 Class Orientation

Introduction

Terms and Definitions

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 Objectives of Classification

Means of Classifying Organisms

Systems of Classification

Types of Relationships

2-3 History of Plant Classification

Classification Based on Habit

Theophrastus

Dioscorides

Albertus Magnus

Otto Brunfels

Jerome Bock

Andrea Cesalpino

Jean Bauhin

Gaspard Bauhin

Jan Rey

Pierre Magnol

Joseph Pitton de Tournefort

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 Rudolf Camerarius

4-5 Artificial Systems Based on Numerical Classification

Carolus Linnaeus

Systems Based on Form Relationships

Michel Adanson

Jean Baptiste de Lamarck

Antoine, Bernard, and Joseph de Jussieu

Augustin P. de Candolle

Robert Brown

Endlicher

Adolphe T. Brongiart

George Bentham

Sir Joseph hooker

6 Systems Based on Phylogeny

Charles Darwin

August Wilhelm Eichler

Richard von Wettstein

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 Charles Bessey

Hans Hallier

John Hutchinson

Alfred Barton Rendle

Karl Christian Mez

Oswald Tippo

7 History of Animal Classification

The Study of Local Faunas

Hippocrates

Aristotle

Linnaeus and His Contemporaries

Carolus Linnaeus

8 Empirical Approach

Michel Adanson

Jean Baptiste de Lamarck

Baron Georges de Cuvier

Darwin and Phylogeny

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 von Baer’s Law

Ernst Haeckel

Charles Darwin

9 Population Systematics

Current Trends in Animal Classification

10 MIDTERM EXAMINATION

11 Theories of Classification

Essentialism

Nominalism

Empiricism

Cladism

Evolutionary Classification

12 Hierarchy of Categories in Classification

Hierarchy of Plant Classification

Hierarchy of Animal Classification

13 Concepts of Species

Importance of Species

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 Different Species Concepts

Speciation

14 Field and Herbarium Techniques

Collecting Procedures

Preparation of Specimens

Preservation of Specimens

15 Methods of Zoological Collections

Systematic Collections

Curating of Collections

16 Diversity of Organisms and their Classification

Monerans

Protistans

Fungi

Plants

Animals

17 Phylogenetic Systematics

18 FINAL EXAMINATION

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Learning Plan

Learning Course Teaching and

Outcomes Content/Topic/s Learning
Activities/ Resources Assessment Tasks
Instructional
Delivery/Method

Internalize the Orientation to the Lecture, Power Syllabus

course objectives subject Point Presentation
and expectations
 Syllabus

Discuss terms Introduction Lecture, Power  Benson, Lyman. 1962. Plant Written Examination
and definitions Point Presentation, Taxonomy. The Ronald Press
used in Terms and Peer Activity Company, New York, USA.
classification, Definitions
why and how is  Campbell, Neil A. and Jane B. Reece.
classification of 2004. Biology. 6th Ed. Holt, Rinehart,
organisms Objectives of and Winston. New York, USA.
important, Classification
classification
systems, and  Lawrence, G. H. M. 1951. Taxonomy
the Ways of of Vascular Plants. Oxford and IBH
relationships Classifying Publishing Co., New Delhi, India.
among Organisms
organisms

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  Mayr. Ernst. 1969. Principles of
Systematic Zoology. McGraw-Hill Book
Systems of Co., New York, USA
Classification

Types of
Relationships

Explains the History of Plant Lecture, Power  Otto, James H. and Albert Towle. Written Examination
history of plant Classification Point Presentation, 1985. Modern Biology. Holt, Rinehart,
classification Peer Activity and Winston Publishers, New York,
and the men USA.
who contributed Classification Based
to the on Habit  Simpson. Michael G. 2006. Plant
development of Systematics. Elsevier Academic Press.
classification Theophrastus 84 Thoebald’s Road, London, UK.
systems and the
Dioscorides
bases of such
systems. Albertus Magnus  UP Open University. 2004. Systematic
Biology Readers. University of the
Otto Brunfels
Philippines – Open University, Diliman,
Jerome Bock Quezon City, Philippines.

Andrea Cesalpino

Jean Bauhin  Electronic Sources

Gaspard Bauhin

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 Jan Rey

Pierre Magnol

Joseph Pitton de
Tournefort

Rudolf Camerarius

Artificial Systems
Based on Numerical
Classification

Carolus Linnaeus This part includes the type

of assessment and
assessment tools/rubric
Systems Based on
Form Relationships

Michel Adanson

Jean Baptiste de
Lamarck

Antoine, Bernard,
and Joseph de
Jussieu

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 Augustin P. de
Candolle

Robert Brown

Endlicher

Adolphe T.
Brongiart

George Bentham

Sir Joseph hooker

Systems Based on
Phylogeny

Charles Darwin

August Wilhelm
Eichler

Richard von
Wettstein This part includes the type
of assessment and
Charles Bessey assessment tools/rubric
Hans Hallier

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 John Hutchinson

Alfred Barton
Rendle

Karl Christian Mez

Oswald Tippo

Explains the History of Animal Lecture, Power This part includes the type
history of animal Classification Point Presentation, of assessment and
classification and Peer Activity assessment tools/rubric
the men who
contributed to the The Study of Local
development of Faunas
classification
systems and the Hippocrates
bases of such
Aristotle
systems.
Linnaeus and His
Contemporaries

Carolus Linnaeus

Empirical Approach

Michel Adanson

Jean Baptiste de

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 Lamarck

Baron Georges
de Cuvier

Darwin and
Phylogeny

von Baer’s Law

Ernst Haeckel

Charles Darwin

Population
Systematics

Current Trends in
Animal Classification

Elucidates on the Theories of Lecture, Power This part includes the type
different theories Classification Point Presentation, of assessment and
behind the Peer Activity assessment tools/rubric
classification
systems used by Essentialism
taxonomists

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 Nominalism

Empiricism

Cladism

Evolutionary

Classification

Discuss and Hierarchy of Lecture, Power This part includes the type
understand the Categories in Point Presentation, of assessment and
details of the Classification Peer Activity assessment tools/rubric
categories in
plant and animal Hierarchy of Plant
classification Classification
systems Hierarchy of
Animal Classification

Discussion of Concepts of Lecture, Power This part includes the type

basic principles Species Point Presentation, of assessment and
underlying the Peer Activity assessment tools/rubric
different species Importance of
concepts that Species
distinguish Different Species
organisms from Concepts
each other
Speciation

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 Field and Herbarium
Techniques

Collecting
Procedures

Preparation of
Specimens

Preservation of
Specimens

Methods of
Zoological
Collections

Systematic
Collections

Curating of
Collections

Diversity of
Organisms and their

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 Classification

Monerans

Protistans

Fungi

Plants

Animals

Explain the Phylogenetic Lecture, Power

nature of Systematics Point Presentation,
systematics, Peer Activity
show its position
in the general Hennig
system of
biology, and Crowson
discuss current
Simpson
developments in
systematic theory Davis and
and methods. Heywood

Boyden

Patterson

Jones and
Luchsinger

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 Wilson

Required Readings and Other Materials

 Benson, Lyman. 1962. Plant Taxonomy. The Ronald Press Company, New York, USA.
 Campbell, Neil A. and Jane B. Reece. 2004. Biology. 6th Ed. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. New York, USA
 Lawrence, G. H. M. 1951. Taxonomy of Vascular Plants. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co., New Delhi, India.
 Mayr. Ernst. 1969. Principles of Systematic Zoology. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, USA
 Otto, James H. and Albert Towle. 1985. Modern Biology. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston Publishers, New York, USA.
 Simpson. Michael G. 2006. Plant Systematics. Elsevier Academic Press. 84 Thoebald’s Road, London, UK.
 UP Open University. 2004. Systematic Biology Readers. University of the Philippines – Open University, Diliman, Quezon City,
Philippines.
 Electronic/Web/Internet Sources

Grading System/ Course Requirements Classroom Policies

Midterm Examination - 20%
Final Examination – 35%
Oral presentation and report – 20%
Attendance – 5%
Individual/Group Research/Study – 20%
Total – 100%
1. Students are required to observe proper decorum all the time, such as
maintaining silence during class discussion hours or seeking permission to step
out of the classroom for any justified reason.
2. Cellphones, laptops, tablets, and other electronic gadgets should be turned-off
or set to silent mode while in the classrooms.
3. Come to class on time and be prepared for all activities.
4. Submit all requirements on time.
5. Do not hesitate to ask assistance from the instructor, if needed.
6. For additional queries and other concerns, send an email, sms, or set an
appointment during the consultation hours.
7. Respect individual differences; be respectful all the time.

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 8. No gender labelling, catcalling, gender discrimination in curricular materials,
explanation on subject content, and strengthening of gender-stereotyped
attitudes.

Professor: Consultation Hours:

ABEL ALEJANDRO U. FLORES, JR., PhD, CBO MWF: 2:00-5:00 PM

Email Address: TTh: 1:00-5:00 PM

abelfloresjr23@gmail.com CS Lab. Biosafety Office

Contact Number: BPSLC, College of Science

09852831911

PREPARED BY: CHECKED BY: APPROVED BY:

ABEL ALEJANDRO U. FLORES, JR., PhD, CBO LEWELYN H. MERIDA, PhD RONALDO A. AMIT, DVM, DPA

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 GS Faculty GS Secretary GS Dean

Date Date Date

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