Exercise 1: Complete each sentence using "who, which, that, whom, whose, where, when, why". Question 1: Is there a particular sequence in______you have to perform these tasks? Question 2: The other people______live in the house are really friendly. Question 3: They have two grown children, both of______live abroad. Question 4: The woman______bike was stolen went to the police station. Question 5: Tom travelled to a mountain______is near the mountainous and remote town. Question 6: I met a man with______I used to work. Question 7: What is the name of the boy______lent Lisa the money? Question 8: Cohen,______short film won awards, was chosen to direct the movie. Question 9: The house______was completed in 1856 was famous for its huge marble staircase. Question 10: Anyone______is interested in the job must apply before next Monday. Question 11: One of the boys kept laughing,______annoyed Jane intensely Question 12: Do you know the people______live over the road? Question 13: She had three lovers, none of______knew about the others. Question 14: Alison Jones and her husband David,______live in Hartlepool, are celebrating their golden wedding anniversary. Question 15: I saw her and her dog______were walking in the park this morning. Question 16: Jurors,______identities will be kept secret, will be paid $40 a day. Question 17: Did you see the letter______came today? Question 18: The author______you criticized in your review has written a reply. Question 19: The Kingfisher group,______name was changed from Woolworths earlier this year, includes about 720 high street shops. Question 20: He was very contemptuous of'popular' writers,______he described as having no talent. Question 21: We're having a small drink party for one of our colleagues,______is leaving next week. Question 22: Tell me the reason______you were absent from class yesterday. Question 23: She lived in Rome for a couple of years,______she taught English. Question 24: Bradford,______Bren comes from, has a lot of good curry restaurants. Question 25: That is the place______we visited last year. Question 26: This is the school assembly______all pupils are expected to attend. Question 27: The Wimbledon men’s final was the best game of tennis______I’ve ever seen. Question 28: She blamed herself for everything______had happened. Question 29: I know a restaurant______the food is excellent. Question 30: There isn’t a day______I don’t feel rushed off my feet. Exercise 2: Decide whether the clause in italics is Defining(D) or Non-defining (N). Write D or N next to each sentence. Question 1: The bus which leaves at 5. 30 doesn't stop at Cornwall... ______ Question 2: The food which was left was eaten the following day. ______ Question 3: His room which was small was filled with piles of old books. ______ Question 4: The bike which he wanted to buy was too expensive. ______ Question 5: These students who were late waited in the playground. ______ Question 6: The girl who was waiting was becoming impatient. ______ Question 7: Jane who was wearing a hat waited outside the room. ______ Question 8: My dog which was lying on the sofa had long pointed ears. ______ Question 9: Las Vegas, which is located in the State of Nevada, is well-known for its casinos and night clubs. ______ Question 10: My uncle, who works for a market research company, is now on a tour of South-East Asian countries. ______ Exercise 3: Combine each pair of sentences using a relative pronoun or relative adverb. Question 1: My parents spent their summer holiday in Scotland last month. Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. => Last year my parents _________________________________________ Question 2: The man used to be a worker. He is sitting in an armchair. => The man__________________________________________________ Question 3: I talked to the girl. Her car was broken down in front of the shop yesterday. => I talked to the girl _____________________________________________ Question 4: I've just read a book. It was called “Gone with The Wind”. => I've just read__________________________________________________ Question 5: People live in Japan. They are called Japanese. => The people__________________________________________________ Question 6: Sarah thought the man was her buddy. He was walking down the street. => Sarah thought________________________________________________ Question 7: Our homemade cakes are made from selected raw materials in our confectionery by master hand. They are served at the royal wedding. => Our homemade cakes, _________________________________________. Question 8: Laura first went to Hanoi. Hanoi is the capital of Vietnam. => Laura __________________________________________________. Question 9: Sheila is one of my best friends. I have known her for a very long time. => Sheila, __________________________________________________. Question 10: The jungle is full of strange and unusual animals. The tribe are living in the jungle. => The jungle __________________________________________________. Question 11: Mr Parker was interested in my project. I spoke to him on the phone yesterday. => Mr Parker, __________________________________________________. Question 12: The woman the Minister of Agriculture. She is making a speech. => The woman __________________________________________________. Question 13: Mary was given a lot of information. Most of the information was completely inaccurate. => Mary __________________________________________________. Question 14: Volleyball is very good for health. It is a popular sport. => Volleyball,_______________________________________________. Question 15: There were a lot of people at her birthday party. She had met only a few of these people before. => There were a lot of people_____________________________________ Question 16: The mountain is the highest mountain in the world. It is called Everest. The mountain, __________________________________________________. Question 17: Michiko has gone through several earthquakes. He has lived in Japan for 10 years. => Michiko,__________________________________________________. Question 18: Here is the assignment. You must finish it before going to the class. => Here is the __________________________________________________. Question 19: She has come up with some amazing ideas. We can discuss them at the meeting. => She has come up with ____________________________________________. Question 20: The university guarantees accommodation in halls of residence. The freshmen can live there. => The university __________________________________________________. Question 21: A boy was injured in the accident. He is now in the hospital. => The boy __________________________________________________. Question 22: There were some good programmes on the radio. None of the programmes I listened to. => There were some good__________________________________________. Question 23: The package reached me this morning. My father sent it yesterday. => The package__________________________________________________. Question 24: Our school has a good laboratory. The students practice chemistry in this laboratory. => Our school has_________________________________________________. Question 25: My sister is thinking of opening an eating-house. She is an excellent cook. => My sister,__________________________________________________. Question 26: One reason was that the interview times were too short. The panel could not decide who was the best person for the job for that reason. => One reason__________________________________________________. Question 27: The parcel arrived in the post at 11 am. I was still at work then. => The parcel __________________________________________________. Question 28: Students should get involved in environmental groups on campus. They are concerned with the environment. => Students__________________________________________________. Question 29: The girl solved the algebra problem. She was fully praised by the teacher. => The girl __________________________________________________. Question 30: Jackson made no such mistake in the 1000 m. He had been disqualified from the men’s 200m final after a false start. => Jackson, __________________________________________________. Question 31: We drove past my old school. It is celebrating its 100th anniversary this year. => We drove __________________________________________________ Question 32: Kate has gone to work in Australia. I used to share a house with his sister. => Kate __________________________________________________ Question 33: Last week we visited the school. We went to school together when we were in Atlanta. => Last week__________________________________________________. Question 34: The hotel has been demolished. We spent our honeymoon there. => The hotel __________________________________________________. Question 35: I still remember the day. My mother took me to school for the first time on that day. => I still __________________________________________________. Exercise 4: Combine the following sentences, using preposition + whom or which. Question 1: The lady gave me good advice. I spoke to her an hour ago. => The lady__________________________________________________ Question 2: I’ll give you an address. You should write to it. => I’ll give __________________________________________________ Question 3: The picture is beautiful. She was looking at it. => he picture __________________________________________________ Question 4: The movie is fantastic. They are talking about it. => The movie __________________________________________________ Question 5: The song was interesting. We listened to it last night. => The song __________________________________________________ Question 6: The man was very kind. I talked to him yesterday. => The man__________________________________________________ Question 7: The man works in the hospital. I told you about him. => The man__________________________________________________ Question 8: Who was that boy? You were with him this morning. => Who was __________________________________________________ Question 9: The man sat next to me on the bus this morning. I got the news from that man. => The man__________________________________________________ Question 10: The train was full of passengers and goods. We traveled on it. => The train__________________________________________________ Exercise 5: Rewrite the following sentences, using a present participial phrase. Question 1: That man who lives on the next floor looks very lonely. => __________________________________________________ Question 2: The person who interviewed me asked me some very difficult questions. => __________________________________________________ Question 3: I saw some people and some animals that were working on the farm. => __________________________________________________ Question 4: The man who answered the phone told me you were away. => __________________________________________________ Question 5: Over two hundred people who attended the funeral expressed their grief at her son's death. => __________________________________________________ Question 6: The person who did it was never caught. => __________________________________________________ Question 7: Do you like the person who sits next to you? => __________________________________________________ Question 8: More and more people are rejecting food which don’t come from local producers. => __________________________________________________ Question 9: The boy who is playing the piano is Ben. => __________________________________________________ Question 10: The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet. => __________________________________________________ Exercise 6: Rewrite the following sentences, using a past participial phrase. Question 1: They work in the hospital which was sponsored by the government. => __________________________________________________ Question 2: The photographs which were published in the newspaper were extraordinary. => __________________________________________________ Question 3: They live in a house that was built in 1890. => __________________________________________________ Question 4: I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country. => __________________________________________________ Question 5: The ideas which are presented in that book are interesting. => __________________________________________________ Question 6: The sport games which were held in India in 1951 were the first Asian Games. => __________________________________________________ Question 7: The girl who was injured in the accident is in the hospital now. => __________________________________________________ Question 8: I am writing this letter in response to the vacancy which is advertised on the newspaper. => __________________________________________________ Question 9: The house which was destroyed completely in the fire has now been rebuilt. => __________________________________________________ Question 10: Our company is applying to these methods of working which were established in the last century. => __________________________________________________ Exercise 7: Rewrite the following sentences, using an infinitive phrase. Question 1: The last person that we must see is Mr. Smith. =>__________________________________________________ Question 2: He was the first man who flew into space. =>__________________________________________________ Question 3: John was the last man who reached the top of the mountain. => __________________________________________________ Question 4: My father is the only man who I can count on. =>__________________________________________________ Question 5: The last person who leaves the room must turn off the light. =>__________________________________________________ Question 6: This is the second person who was killed in that way. => __________________________________________________ Question 7: The first person who catches the ball will be the winner. => __________________________________________________ Question 8: Who was the last person who saw the young man alive? => __________________________________________________ Question 9: Sai Gon Times was the only newspaper which appeared that day. => __________________________________________________ Question 10: Marie Curie was the first woman who was awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry. =>__________________________________________________ Exercise 8: Rewrite the following sentences as required. Question 1: My brother has a pen friend. He has been writing to him for 20 years. (whom) =>__________________________________________________ Question 2: Sydney is the largest Australian city. It is not the capital of Australia. (reducing the relative clauses) =>__________________________________________________ Question 3: John works with that other chap. I can’t remember his name. (whose) __________________________________________________ Question 4: The man who jogs regularly in the Botanic Gardens is swimming in his private pool. (reducing the relative clauses) =>____________________________________ Question 5: The shark which was caught at sea weighs two hundred kilos. (reducing the relative clauses) =>____________________________________ Question 6: She was the fourth woman who finished the race. (reducing the relative clauses) =>_____________________________________ Question 7: The student wrote an outstanding paper. He was awarded a prize for it. (using preposition + whom/which) =>_________________________________ Question 8: You should put the money in a savings account. It will earn interest in the savings account. (where) =>__________________________________________________ Question 9: The car belongs to Mr Pike. Its brake is being repaired. (whose) =>__________________________________________________ Question 10: He collects the things which were thrown away everywhere. (reducing the relative clauses) =>_________________________________ Question 11: We found the fifth person that survived after the earthquake. (reducing the relative clauses) =>__________________________________ Question 12: There was a tree which was blown down in the storm last night. (reducing the relative clauses) =>_________________________________ Question 13: The children who attend that school receive a good education. (reducing the relative clauses) =>_________________________________ Question 14: I must thank the man. I got the present from him. (using preposition + whom/which) =>_____________________________ Question 15: It gives me a good chance to improve my Italian. It has become a little bit rusty. (which) =>__________________________________________________ Exercise 9: Choose the best answer in the following question. Question 1: She's one of the people______love to be the centre of attention. A. which B. who C. whose D. whom Question 2: They meet in an old house,______basement has been converted into a chapel. A. whose B. which C. whom D. that Question 3: There are lots of things______I need to buy before the trip. A. that B. whose C. which D. whom Question 4: I am writing in connection with the volunteer opportunities______on 10 November. A. appeared B. which appearing C. to appear D. appearing Question 5: Fraud detectives are investigating the company, three of______senior executives have already been arrested. A. whom B. whose C. that D. who Question 6: The people______called yesterday want to buy the house. A. whose B. which C. who D. whom Question 7: Isobel,______brother he was, had heard the joke before. A. that B. whom C. whose D. who Question 8: Do you remember that nice Mr Hoskins______came to dinner? A. which B. whom C. whose D. who Question 9: His best movie,______won several awards, was about the life of Gandhi. A. that B. whose C. which D. whom Question 10: It was a crisis for______she was totally unprepared. A. whose B. which C. who D. whom Question 11: The Kingfisher group,______name was changed from Woolworths earlier this year, includes about 720 high street shops. A. whom B. whose C. which D. that Question 12: We don’t know the person______donated this money. A. that B. whom C. whose D. who th Question 13: We drove past my old school, ______ is celebrating its 100 anniversary this year. A. where B. whom C. whose D. which Question 14: He was the first director of the National Science Foundation, and he funded science research with an annual budget______grew to 500 million dollars. A. whom B. whose C. that D. why Question 15: Modem office buildings have false floors, under______computer and phone wires can be laid. A. why B. where C. which D. whom Question 16: Super Star's video tapes have all been packed up, waiting for the day______he finds a new location. A. whose B. why C. when D. where Question 17: The name originated from the days______this house belonged to the local policeman. A. when B. why C. which D. whom Question 18: The hall______you’re giving your talk has a really good sound system. A. whom B. whose C. where D. which Question 19: Jackson is the most good-looking boy______to this school. A. to come B. coming C. has come D. comes Question 20: We stood on the bridge______the two small towns of the London. A. connected B. was connecting C. connecting D. connects Question 21: The woman______in the hall expected to make a phone call. A. waiting B. was waiting C. had been waiting D. waited Question 22: Khrushchev may have been perspicacious enough to imagine the day______his turn would come and he would become Special Pensioner Khrushchev. A. when B. where C. which D. why Question 23: The conference______by non-governmental organizations was about globalization. A. plans B. planning C. planned D. is planning Question 24: Peter is the youngest person to______part in the race. A. take B. taken C. takes D. taking Question 25: The books______by William Shakespeare are interesting. A. writes B. writing C. written D. wrote Question 26: He was the only person to______there at the time. A. have been living B. live C. have lived D. living Question 27: The term track and field refers to athletic events______include foot races and jumping and throwing events. A. of which B. that C. in which D. where Question 28: That was the week______we booked our holiday. A. why B. when C. where D. which Question 29: The citrus fruit______has been exposed to cool temperatures during maturation is sweeter and more tender than those that have not. A. whom B. whose C. which D. where Question 30: There are times______I wonder why I do this job. A. when B. where C. why D. which Question 31: San Francisco, America's romantic city, has always been a haven for the artists and writers______have left at least part of their hearts there. A. who B. whom C. whose D. why Question 32: The educated man is the man______expression is educated A. whom B. whose C. when D. why Question 33: Canada,______I spent most of my childhood, is a country of vast plains and heavy forested areas. A. in which B. when C. for which D. whom Question 34: The title of the book is the name of the community______the author grew up. A. when B. in which C. at which D. why Question 35: Mistletoe,______is believed to have magic powers, is traditionally hung over doorways during the Christmas season. A. that B. whom C. which D. where Question 36: I have never forgot the beloved school______I studied in. A. which B. when C. whom D. whose Question 37: The safe______we put our jewelry and other valuables was stolen by a group of thieves last night. A. whose B. in which C. whom D. why Question 38: She was at the JW Marriott Hanoi______I was telling you. A. on which B. to which C. at which D. about which Question 39: Martin Stevenson,______children I have been looking after since I started the university in London, is my history professor. A. whose B. which C. that D. whom Question 40: The day______I'm forced to give up my dream is a sad day for me. A. where B. on which C. at which D. why Question 41: The extent______the stock market is affected by the day-to-day pronouncements of the President of the United States is astonishing. A. of which B. where C. to which D. when Question 42: Jack was the handsome person______I was talking yesterday. A. on whom B. in whom C. with whom D. for whom Question 43: In many parts of the world, the grass______is called vetiver is known for its fragrant oil as well as its ability to prevent soil erosion. A. who B. which C. whose D. whom Question 44: David lives in the street______the houses are surrounded with lush lawns and green gardens. A. on which B. at which C. for which D. in which Question 45: The moment______I learned the results of the art competition was one of the worst times in my life. A. when B. why C. where D. which Question 46: The gorgeous picture______you are looking in the hall is very expensive. A. on which B. at which C. in which D. for which Question 47: He was the third man______in this way. A. killing B. was killed C. to have been killed D. to be killed Question 48: I have two sisters, both of______want to become an English teacher in the future. A. whom B. who C. which D. where Question 49: Dalat,______I paid a visit last summer vacation, is extremely magnificent. A. whose B. which C. where D. that