UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL

FUNDAMENTAL MATHEMATICS (DMCU 1032)
ASSIGNMENT 2

UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL

DMCU 1032 FUNDAMENTAL MATHEMATICS

ASSIGNMENT

Group member:

Name Matric No.

1.

2.

3.

Lecturer:

LECTURER REMARKS: EVALUATION

Questions Answered Marks

1
2
3
4
5
6
references

Total Marks
1.Solve the following system of linear equations using Gaussian elimination method.
a) x +2 y=1

3 x+ 4 y =1

[ 13 24] [11] R2→ -3R + R2

[ 10 −22 ] [−21 ] R2→

−1
2
R2

[ 10 21] [ 11] -2R2 + R1

[ 10 01][−11]
[ xy ] [−11]
=

b) x + y=2

2 x+ 4 y=9

[ 12 14] [ 29] -2R1 + R2

[ 10 12] [ 25] R2→

1
2
R2

[ ][ ]
2
1 1
5 -R2 + R1
0 1
2

[]
−1

[ ]
1 0 2
0 1 5
2

−1 5
x=¿ y=
2 2
c) x + 3y – 3z = 6
2x +4y - 2z = 2
3x – 6y – 4z = 3

[ ][ ]
1 3 −3 6
2 4 −2 2 -2R1 + R2
3 6 −4 3

[ ][ ]
1 3 −3 6
0 −2 4 −10 -3R1 +R3
3 6 −4 3

[ ][ ]
1 3 −3 6
−3
0 −2 4 −10 R 2+ R 3
2
0 −3 5 −15

[ ][ ]
1 3 −3 6
0 −2 4 −10
0 0 −1 0

-Z = 0 -2Y + 4Z = -10 X + 3Y – 3Z = 6
Z=0 -2Y = -10 X + 3(5) = 6
Y=5 X = 6 – 15
X = -9

[][ ]
X −9
Y = 5 X= -9 , Y= 5 , Z= 0
Z 0
d) x +2 y+ 4 z=2

2 x−3 y +5 z =3
3 x – 4 y +6 z =5

[ ][ ]
1 2 4 2
2 −3 5 3
3 −4 6 5

[ ]]
1 2 4 2
2 −3 5 3 -2R1 + R2
3 −4 6 5

[ ]]
1 2 4 2
0 −7 −3 −1 -3R1 + R3
3 −4 6 5

[ ]]
1 2 4 2
10
0 −7 −3 −1 - R2 +R3
7
0 −10 −6 −1

[ ]]
1 2 4 2
0 −7 −3 −1
−12 3
0 0
7 7
 −12 3
( Z = ) ×7 -7Y – 3Z = -1 X + 2Y + 4Z = 2
7 7
1 1 −1
-12 Z = 3 -7Y – 3 (- ) = -1 X + 2( ¿+ 4( )=2
4 4 4
1 7 1
Z=- -7Y = - X=2+
4 4 2
1 5
Y= X=
4 2

[]
5
2

[]
X
1 5 1 1
Y = X= , Y= , Z=-
4 2 4 4
Z
−1
4

2.Use the Gauss-Seidel method to solve the following system with x (0 )= 0 and ε < 0.001 .

a) 4 x 1 + y 2 – z 3 = 3

2 x1 +7 y 2 + z 3 = 19

x 1 – 3 y 2+12 z 3 = 31

4 x+ y−z=3
3− y + z
x=
4
2 x+7 y+ z =19
19−2 x−z
y= x−3 y +12 z=31
7
31−x +3 y
z=
12
k x y z k
x −x
(k −1 ) k
Max∨¿ x −x
(k−1)

0 0 0 0 x y z
1 0.75 2.5 3.1458 0.75 2.5 3.1458 3.1458
 2 0.9115 2.0045 3.0085 0.1615 -0.4955 -0.1373 0.1615
3 1.001 1.9985 2.9995 0.0895 0.006 -0.009 0.0895
4 1.0003 2 3 -0.0007 0.0015 0.0005 0.0015
x=1.0003 , y=2 , z=3

b) x – y +10 z=−7

20 x+ 3 y – 2 z=51
2 x+ 8 y+ 4 z=25

x− y +10 z=−7 20 x+ 3 y−2 z=51

20 x+ 3 y−2 z=5120 x +3 y−2 z=51 r 1 ↔r 2 x− y +10 z=−7 r 2 ↔r 3
→ →
2 x+ 8 y+ 4 z=25 2 x+ 8 y+ 4 y =25 2 x+ 8 y+ 4 y =25 x− y +10 z=−7

51−3 y +2 z 25−2 x−4 z

20 x+ 3 y−2 z=51 x= 2 x+ 8 y+ 4 y =25 y= x− y +10 z=−7
20 8
−7−x+ y
z=
10

k x y z k
x −x
k−1
Max∨¿ x −x
k k−1

0 0 0 0 x y z
1 2.55 2.4875 -0.7063 2.55 2.4875 -0.7063 2.55
2 2.1062 2.9516 -0.6155 -0.4438 0.4641 0.0908 0.4641
3 2.0457 2.9213 -0.6124 -0.0605 -0.0303 0.0031 0.0031
4 2.0506 2.9186 -0.6132 0.0049 -0.0027 -0.0008 0.0049
 5 2.0509 2.9189 -0.6132 0.0003 0.0003 0 0.0003
x=2.0509 , y=2.9189 , z=−0.6132

3. Given the system

17 x 1 – 2 x 2 – 3 x 3=500

−5 x 1+21 x 2 – 2 x 3=200

−5 x 1 – 5 x 2 +22 x3 =30

Solve the problem with Gauss-Seidel method to  = 0.01

500+2 x 2 +3 x 3
x1 =
17
200+5 x1 +2 x 3
x 2=
21
30+5 x1 +5 x 2
x 3=
22

k x1 x2 x3 k
x −x
(k −1 ) k
x −x
(k −1 )

0 0 0 0 x1 x2 x3
1 29.4117 16.5266 11.8041 29.4117 16.5266 11.8041 29.4117

2 33.4391 18.6097 13.1929 4.0274 2.0831 1.3888 4.0274

3 33.9293 18.8587 13.3609 0.4902 0.249 0.168 0.4902

4 33.9882 18.8887 13.3811 0.0589 0.03 0.202 0.0589

5 33.9953 18.8923 13.3835 0.0071 0.0036 0.0024 0.0071

 x 1=33.9953 , x2 =18.8923 , x 3=13.3855

4.The outside dimensions of a rectangular box (bottom and four sides, no top), made of aluminum,
are 24 by 12 by 4 inches as shown in Figure 1. The wall thickness of the bottom and the sides is
x.

Given that the specific weight of aluminum is 0.101 kg/in3 and the volume of the aluminum
V is calculated from the weight of the box,W by:
W
V=
γ
Where  is the specific weight. (note: the weight of the box is 15 kg)
a) Derive an expression that relates the weight of the box and the wall thickness,x

12=x + x + z
z=12−2 x
 24=x + x+ y
y=24−2 x
(V ¿¿ out−V ¿ )γ=W ¿

[ ( 24 × 12× 4 )−( y × z × 4 ) ] × 0.101=W [ 1152−[ ( 24−2 x ) ( 12−2 x ) 4 ] ] × 0.101=W

[ 1152−[ ( 288−72 x+ 4 x ) 4 ] ] ×0.101=W [ 1152−( 1152−288 x+16 x ) ] × 0.101=W
2 2

( 1152−1152+288 x−16 x 2 ) ×0.101=W W =( 288 x−16 x 2 ) × 0.101W =29.088 x−1.616 x 2

2 2
15=29.088 x −1.616 x 29.088 x−1.616 x −15=0

b) Use bisection method to find the root of the function in (a) accurate to within  = 0.001, given that
x a=0 and x a=0.4

n xa xb xm f¿ f (x m) ¿ x b−x m∨¿
0 0 0.4 0.2 -15 -9.247 0.2
1 0.2 0.4 0.3 -9.247 -6.419 0.1
2 0.3 0.4 0.35 -6.419 -5.0172 0.05
3 0.35 0.4 0.375 -5.0172 -4.3193 0.25
4 0.375 0.4 0.3875 -4.3193 -3.9711 0.0125
5 0.3875 0.4 0.3938 -3.9711 -3.7958 0.0062
6 0.3938 0.4 0.3969 -3.7958 -3.7095 0.0031
7 0.3969 0.4 0.3985 -3.7095 -3.6651 0.0015
8 0.3985 0.4 0.3993 -3.6651 -3.6428 0.0007

Root, x m=0.3993
5. Use the bisection method to find an approximation to √e5 - 8 correct to within  = 0.05. [Hint: Consider
f (x) = x3 - 5x2 ]

√e5 – 8 = 11.8496/-11.8496

n xa xb xm f(xa) f(xb) |xb – xm |

0 -11.8496 11.8496 0.0000 2365.9032 0.0000 11.8496

1 -11.8496 0.0000 -5.9248 2365.9032 -383.4960 5.9248

2 -5.9248 0.0000 -2.9624 -383.4960 -69.8765 2.9624

3 -2.9624 0.0000 -1.4812 -69.8705 -14.2195 1.4812

4 -1.4183 0.0000 -0.7407 -14.2195 -3.1496 0.7407

5 -0.7407 0.0000 -0.3704 -3.1496 -0.7368 0.3707

6 -0.3704 0.0000 -0.1852 -0.7368 -0.1778 0.1852

7 -0.1852 0.0000 -0.0926 -0.1778 -0.1637 0.0926

8 -0.0926 0.0000 -0.0463 -0.1637 -0.0108 0.0463

Root, Xm = -0.0463

6. The navigator of a ship at the sea sports two lighthouse. He recognizes the distances between the two
lighthouses are 3 km apart as shown in Figure 2. He determines that the angles formed between two
line of sight observations of the lighthouses and the line from the ship directly to shore are 150 and
350 .

a) How far is the ship from shore?

b) How far is the ship from the lighthouse A?

 c) How far is the ship from lighthouse B?

b) How far is the ship from lighthouse A?

180O – 9O – 15O = 75O

c a
=
sinC sinA
3 a
=
sin 50 sin 75
3
a= x sin 75
sin50
= 3.783 km

a) How far is the ship from shore?

a d
=
sin 90 sinB
3.78 d
=
sin 90 sin 55
3.78
d= x sin 55
sin 90
= 3.096 km

b) How far is the ship from lighthouse B?

c b
=
sinC sinB
 3 b
=
sin 50 sin 55
3
b= x sin 55
sin50
= 3.208 km

7. A ship maintains an average speed of 28 kilometers per hour in going from Island A to Island B, a
distance of 1000 kilometers as shown in Figure 3. Figure 3 Ship location To avoid a tropical storm, the
captain heads out of Island A in direction of 450 off a direct heading to Island B. the captain maintains
the 28 kilometers per hour speed for 10 hours, after which time the path to Island B becomes clear of
storms.

a) Through angle should the captain turn to head directly to Island B?

b) Once the turn is made, how many hours will it be before the ship reaches Island B if the same 28
kilometers per hour speed is maintained?

a) Distance = speed x time

= 28km/h x10 hours

= 280 km

a2 = b2 + c 2 – 2bc cos A

a2 = 2802 + 10002 – 2(280)(1000) cos 45

a2 = 1078400 - 560000 cos 45

a = √682420.2025

a = 826.09 km

sinC sinA
=
c a
sinC sin 45
=
1000 826.09
sin 45
sinC= x 1000
826.09
sinC=0.85597
C = sin-1(0.85597)

C = 58.87⁰ #

distance
b ¿ speed=
time
28 km 826.09
=
h time
829.06 km
time=
28 kmh
Time = 29.61 hours

References
a) The alternate iterative Gauss-Seidel method for linear systems, Bingyuan Pu and Xun Yuan,
Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd ,Journal of Mathematics and Physics 1–3 July
2019, Ningbo, China https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/1411/1/012008
b) International Journal of Computer Applications Technology and Research Volume 3– Issue 8, 535
- 535, 2014 ,533 Role of Bisection Method, Chitra Solanki, DIT University Dehradun, India.
https://www.ijcat.com/archives/volume3/issue8/ijcatr03081009.pdf