14. Soil fertility can be improved by_.

15. Soil is divided into residual and transported

soil on the basis of
16. soil is ex situ.
17. _ soil is the largest soil group.
18. Rivers deposit very fine particles of soil
called
19. Alluvial soil is also called .
20. _ is the mixture of sand, silt and clay.
21. _ percent land area is covered by alluvial
soil.
22. alluvial is most fertile.
23. alluvial is least fertile.
24. _ alluvial is found on the plains of the
Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra
.
rivers.
25. _ alluvial is found in the coastal strips of
Peninsular India and plains of Gujarat.
26. alluvial is found in the deltas of the
Ganga-Brahmaputra, Mahanadi, Godavari,
Krishna and Kaveri rivers.
27. The study of soil is called _.
28. _ soil is light, porous and easily tillable.
29. Alluvial soil in the lower Ganga-
Brahmaputra valley is useful for_
cultivation.
30. Black soil has upto _ percent clay content.
31. Black soil when it is wet.
32. Black soil has poor percentage of_
mineral.
33. In any season, black soil has moisture
stored in its .
34. The moisture retentiveness of black soil
makes it suitable for_ kind of farming.
35. Red soil develops from _ rocks.
36. Red soil is red due to the presence of_.
37. Red soil looks_ when it appears in
hydrated form.
38. Red soil is not
39. Red soil responds to_.
40. _and_ can be grown on coarse red
soil at higher levels.
41. _ can be grown on heavy clays of red soil
at lower levels.
42. _ soil is formed as a result of atmospheric
weathering.
43. Laterite soil is the residual soil formed by
leaching due to_.
44. _ is a process in which nutrients get
percolated down below the soil due to
heavy rainfall.
45. Due to heavy rains lime and silica are
leached away and _ compounds are left
behind.
46. The color of Laterite Soil is - ·
4 7. Late rite Soil is deficient in
48. Laterite Soil is suitable for .
49. _ is the intermediate stage between sheet
erosion and gully erosion.
50. _ type of erosion is seen in the Chambal
valley region.
51 . _ type of erosion occurs on gentle slopes.
52. _ is the movement and deposition of soil
particles by wind.
53. _ is the process by which wind moves soil
particles 0.1-0.5mm in size in bouncing or
hopping fashion.
54. _ is the process by which wind moves soil
particles greater than 0.5mm by rolling.
55. _ type of soil is found in the Deccan lava
tract.
56. _ type of soil is rich in potash and lime.
57. Laterite Soil is poor in lime and_.
58. _ type of soil is formed due to prolonged
weathering of crystalline rocks.
59. Alluvial Soil is .
60. Tapioca and cashewnuts grow in_ soil.
61. _ type of erosion is seen throughout the
eastern and western coasts of India.
62. _ type of soil has high acidity and low
moisture retention.
63. The loss of vegetation cover leads to_.
64. _ type of soil is found in the Garo & Khasi
hills.
65. is not a residual soil.
66. _ soil is formed by the deposition of
sediments by rivers.
67. _ soil gets finer and moist as the river
flows down.
68. soil is formed from weathered lava rocks.
69. _ type of erosion occurs when soil devoid
of vegetation is exposed to high-velocity
wind.
70. _ state has excessive grazing by cattle
and sheep resulted in exposure of topsoil to
elements of denudation.
71. _ state of India has the highest soil eroded
.
regions.
72. _ state of India has the 2nd highest soil
eroded regions.
73. _ state of India has the 3rd highest soil
eroded regions.
7 4. _ of the following regions is the worst
affected region in Maharashtra in terms of
soil erosion.
75. Terrace farming is practiced in_ regions.
76. _ part of the plant prevents soil erosion in
Strip Cropping.
77. Soil erosion causes_.
78. The finest component of soil is_
79. _ helps in soil formation.
80. Laterite soil supports_.
ANSWER KEY
1 . regur soil
2. Maharashtra
3. black
4. soil
5. humus
6. alluvial
7. riverine soil
8. Khadar
9. black
10. wind breaks or shelter belts
11. Soil
12. Evolution of technology
13. Gravel
14. Adding fertilisers
15. Location
16. Alluvial
17. Alluvial
18. Alluvium
19. Riverine soil
20. Loam
21. 40
22. Deltaic
23. Coastal
24. Inland
25. Coastal
26. Deltaic
27. Pedology
28. Alluvial soil
29. Jute
30. 50
31. Expands
32. Phosphorus
33. Subsoil
34. Dry farming
35. Old crystalline rocks
36. Iron oxide
37. Yellow
38. Fertile
39. Fertilisers
40. Groundnut and potatoes
41. Sugarcane
42. Laterite
43. Tropical rains
44. Leaching
45. Aluminium
46. Red
4 7. Nitrogen or organic matter
48. Construct materials
49. Rill erosion
50. Gully erosion
51. Sheet erosion
52. Wind erosion
53. Saltation
54. Soil creep
55. Black soil
56. Alluvial soil
57. Magnesium
58. Red soil
59. Loamy
60. Laterite soil
61. Shore erosion
62. Laterite soil
63. Sheet erosion
64. Laterite soil
65. Alluvial soil
66. Alluvial soil
67. Alluvial soil
68. Black soil
69. Wind erosion
70. Rajasthan
71. Rajasthan
72. Madhya Pradesh
73. Maharashtra
74. The regur soil area
••••••••••
75. Hilly
76. Roots
77. Loss of fertility
78. Clay
79. breaking down of rocks.
80. Grazing grounds and scrub lands

Give a geographical reason for each of the

following:

1.The colour of alluvium soil varies in different

areas.
Ans. The colour of alluvium soil varies in different
areas because its shades depend on the depth
of deposition, the texture of the materials and
the time taken for maturity.

2.Khadar is more fertile than bhangar soil.

Ans. Khadar is more fertile than bhangar soil as
new layers are deposited year after year during
monsoon floods.

3.Black soil has a kind of self-ploughing

characteristic.
Ans. Black soil has a kind of self-ploughing
characteristic because during dry season, it
shrinks and develops big cracks which help in air
circulation. This characteristic causes a kind of
self-ploughing.

4. Deltaic alluvium is more fertile than the

coastal alluvium.
Ans. Deltaic alluvium is more fertile than coastal
alluvium as new layers are deposited year after
year during monsoonal floods. Also, deltaic
alluvium is composed of fine silt and clay
whereas coastal alluvium is full of lime nodules.

5.Black soil is largely found in the Deccan Trap

.
region.
Ans. Black soil is found in the Deccan trap region
because this region is formed due to the
deposition of lava produced by the volcanic
eruption. When lava rocks breaks down into finer
particles due to weathering, it results in the
formation of the black soil.

6. Black soil is often referred to as Cotton soil or

Regur soil.
Ans. Black soil is often referred to as Cotton soil
or Regur soil because it is black in colour and is
suitable for cotton cultivation.

7.Laterite soil is useful for construction purpose.

Ans. Laterite soils are used as a building
material because they become hard like iron
when exposed to air. So, they are used as a
building material. Laterite soils are red in color
due to the presence of iron oxide. These soils are
generally coarse in texture and friable and
porous in nature.

a.Soils of the Western Ghats are affected by

wind erosion.
Ans. Soils of the Western Ghats are affected by
wind erosion because a large chunk of Westerr
zone is arid or semi-arid and wind erosion is a
result of extreme form of soil degradation due to
aridity.

9.The foothills of the Himalayas are prone to

excessive soil erosion.
Ans. The foothills of the Himalayas are prone to
excessive soil erosion because the vegetation
over there is very less. There are not many plant
or tree roots to hold the soil in place, which
makes the foothills of the Himalayas prone to
excessive soil erosion.

10. Jowar is grown in Maharashtra.

Ans. Jowar is grown in Maharashtra because of
the black regur soil which is rich in lime, potash-
magnesium, carbonates, allumina and calcium.
11. Bajra is grown in Rajasthan.
Ans. Bajra is grown in Rajasthan because of the
sandy soil found in this region. It is rich in soluble
salts.

12.Sugarcane is grown in Uttar Pradesh.

Ans. Sugarcane is grown in Uttar Pradesh
because the climatic conditions and presence of
alluvial soil support the cultivation of sugarcane.

13.Black soil is also called lava soil.

Ans. Black soil is also called lava soil because it
is formed by the denudation of volcanic rocks.

14.Red soil is red in colour and its colour varies

from yellow to brown.
Ans. Red soil is red in colour as it contains large
amounts firon oxide. At several places, its colour
changes and it appears brown or grey. It looks
yellow when it occurs in a hydrated form.

15.Jute is cultivated in West Bengal.

Ans. Jute is cultivated in West Bengal because
the alluvial soil found in West Bengal is very
fertile and supports jute cultivation.

16. Shelter belts reduce soil erosion in arid areas.

Ans. Shelter belts reduce soil erosion in arid
areas because planting trees in several rows
checks wind erosion.

17.Rural development will influence soil

conservation.
Ans. Rural development will influence soil
conservation as in the programmes of rural
development, villagers are provided with the
techniques of how to improve vegetative cover
and the steps required to be taken for preventing
soil erosion. The farmers are briefed about the
farming methods (such as strip cropping and
shelter belts) to be followed to reduce soil
.
erosion.

18.Water harvesting aids in soil conservation.

Ans. Water harvesting aids in soil conservation
as it reduces soil erosion and flood hazards by
collecting rainwater and reducing the flow of
water which causes the removal of fertile top
soil.