1.

NPTEL Online Certification Courses

Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

Analytical Chemistry
Assignment 2

1.
Choose the correct statement given for the following ‘weighing by difference method’:
(a) The target weight of the material is the difference between two weights of the container
(b) The target weight of the material is the summation of two weights of the container
(c) The target weight of the material is not related to the difference between two weights of the
container
(d) None of the above
Ans: (a)

Explanation: The term “weighing by difference” refers to the fact that the target weight of the
material is the difference between two weights of the container. The weight of the container
before and the weight of the container after you transfer the material from the container to the
vessel.

2.

How can you make a physical separation of a solid sample from a liquid mixture?

(a) Density Floatation

(b) Distillation

(c) Filtration

(d) Solubility differences

Ans: (c)
Explanation: During the separation of components by physical separation following cases are
observed: by density floatation and solubility a solid can be separated from a solid, by distillation
a liquid can be separated from a liquid mixture, by filtration a solid can be separated from a
liquid mixture.

3.
What is the process of the loss of an electron called?
(a) Oxidation
(b) Reduction
(c) Transference
(d) Neutralisation
Ans: (a)

Explanation: The loss of electrons is called oxidation. The gain of electrons is called reduction.
Because any loss of electrons by one substance must be accompanied by a gain in electrons by
something else, oxidation and reduction always occur together.

4.

A sample was weighed 7.656g. Which instrument was used for weighing?

(a) Macro-balance.

(b) Micro-analytical balance.

(c) Semi-micro analytical balance.

(d) All of the above.

Ans: (b)

Explanation: Macro-balances have a maximum capacity ranging between 160 and 200 g. With
these balances, measurements can be made with a standard deviation of ±0.1 mg.
Semimicroanalytical balances have a maximum loading of 10 to 30 g with a precision of ±0.01
mg. A typical microanalytical balance has a capacity of 1 to 3 g and a precision of ±0.001 mg (1
μg). So the weigh 7.656g was taken in micro-analytical balance.
5.

The reagent used for elemental analysis to destroy organic substances and the method known as:

(a) HNO3, wet ashing process

(b) CH3COOH, dry ashing method

(c) HNO3, dry ashing method

(d) CH3COOH, wet ashing method

Ans: (a)

Explanation: Wet ashing is a procedure for oxidizing organic substances by using acids like
HNO3, H2SO4 and oxidizing agents or their combinations. Minerals are solubilized without
volatilization. Wet ashing is often preferable to dry ashing as a preparation for specific elemental
analysis. Dry ashing refers to the use of a muffle furnace capable of maintaining temperatures of
500–600°C. Water and volatiles are vaporized, and organic substances are burned in the presence
of oxygen in air to CO2 and oxides of N2. Most minerals are converted to oxides, sulfates,
phosphates, chlorides, and silicates.

6.

From acidic solutions urea (NH2CONH2) can effectively be used for the removal of :

(a) NO2, NO3-

(b) SO3, SO42-

(c) SO2, SO42-

(d) CO2, CO3-

Ans: (a)

Explanation: Urea (carbamide), readily produced from ammonia and carbon dioxide, is a very
important chemical in the agricultural and the polymer industries. Urea is used to remove
nitrogen dioxide and nitrate from acidic solutions.

7.
The processes used during the physical separation of gas sample from a gaseous mixture are:

(a) Decantation and differential diffusion

(b) Distillation and decantation

(c) Differential diffusion and gas-chromatography

(d) Density floatation and distillation

Ans: (c)

Explanation: A solid sample can be separated from a solid mixture by density floatation and
solubility difference. A liquid sample can be separated from a liquid mixture by distillation and
decantation. A gaseous sample can be separated from a gaseous mixture by differential diffusion,
gas chromatography-mass spectra. A solid sample can be separated from a liquid mixture by
filtration.
8.

The reagent used in qualitative analysis of Fe3+ solution for tbhe precipitation of Fe(OH)3 is:

(a) H2O2, Cl-

(b) NH4OH, Cl-

(c) H2S, NH4OH, NH4Cl

(d) H2SO4, NH4Cl

Ans: (b)

Explanation:. For the qualitative analysis of a Fe3+ solution, the group reagent of group IIIA that
is dil.NH4Cl in presence of NH4Cl is added and a thick precipitate of brown colored Fe(OH)3 is
obtained which is not monomeric but polymereic in nature.

9.
In alkali fusion of pyrolusite, it changes from MnO2 to
(a) MnO42-, O2
(b) MnO4-, O2
(c) MnO4 2-, MnO4-, O2
(d) MnO42-, MnO4-
Ans: (d)
Explanation: In alkali fusion of pyrolusite, it changes from MnO2 to MnO42-, MnO4-.

2MnO2 + 4KOH + O2→ 2K2MnO4 +2H2O

3K2MnO4 + 8H2SO4→ 2KMnO4 + MnO2 + 2K2SO4 + 2H2O

10.

Which crucible has the ability to ignite at temperature 1400℃?

(a) Porcelain crucible

(b) Glass crucible

(c) Gooch crucible

(d) Aluminium oxide crucible

Ans: (d)

Explanation: In case of porcelain crucible maximum ignition temperature, 1100 °C. For glass
crucible the maximum ignition temperature is 200-500°C and for Gooch crucible it is greater
than 500°C. For aluminium oxide crucible maximum ignition temperature is 1450°C.