Q.4:- What is variable? Explain with example.

**Variable**:

A variable is a fundamental concept in programming that represents a storage location in a computer's

memory where data can be stored, retrieved, and manipulated during program execution. Variables have a
specific data type that determines the type of data they can hold, such as integers, floating-point numbers,
characters, or custom data structures.

**Example**:

Consider a simple C program that calculates the area of a rectangle:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

// Declaration of variables

int length, width, area;

// Assign values to variables

length = 5;

width = 3;

// Calculate area

area = length * width;

// Output the result

printf("The area of the rectangle is: %d\n", area);

return 0;

In this example:

- We declare three variables: `length`, `width`, and `area`, of type `int`.

- We assign the values `5` and `3` to the variables `length` and `width`, respectively.

- We calculate the area of the rectangle by multiplying `length` and `width`, and store the result in the variable
`area`.

- Finally, we print the calculated area using `printf()`.

Here, `length`, `width`, and `area` are variables that hold integer values. They serve as placeholders for storing
data that can be accessed and modified as needed during the execution of the program.