LOCAL MATERIALS – used for indigenous art Why do you think we wear our barong tagalog - offers an expansive
og - offers an expansive range of products
production
- resources are readily available in bulk or
large quantity in a specific area or locality
- utilized to develop and support indigenous
materials and raw products
- emphasizes the wonders of Philippine arts
and highlights the diverse yet distinctive works
of local art communities
INDIGENOUISM - an art movement promoting
environmental protection campaign by using
indigenous Materials as medium in their artistic
creations
MOST COMMON INDIGENOUS MATERIALS
USED IN CREATING ART
1) SOFT AND HARDWOODS – popular
woods used in art making are narra, kamagong,
and mahogany (used in wood carving and furniture
making)
2) CAPIZ, SEASHELLS. CORALS and
PEARLS – traditionally used in mosaic and
religious-themed artworks, used in making
jewelries, souvenirs, and house decorations
3) TRADITIONAL MATERIALS LIKE
STONE AND CLAY – easily crafted and recycled,
ecological and economical since it’s not costly
LOCAL MATERIALS TO CONTEMPORARY
ARTS
a) WOVEN PRODUCTS: TEXTILE,
FABRICS and CLOTHING - local arts in the
different regions have evolved as they have been
influenced by market-driven demands, thus,
leading the production of local artworks to be
aided by new techniques and the use of technology
untucked?
- to prevent locals from hiding weapons and
engaging in theft
- the style separates Filipinos from
Spaniards, who wore shirts with standing
collars tucked into their pants
BARGE RAMOS – famous Filipino designer who
promoted the use of indigenous Filipino textile to
modern fashion
b) BAGS and ACCESSORIES – indigenous people
used materials within easy reach, but weavers also
added their creative stamp
- woven fibers from plants is the source of
from the Igorot materials to create bags
Tribe (Cordillera - PASIKING (KNAPBASKET) is an
Region) indigenous basket-backpack found among
various ethno-linguistic groups of Northern
Luzon
- INABNUTAN is the ritual pasiking of the
Ifugaos
- BANGEO more common version
- TAKBA is the ritual pasiking of the
Bontocs
c) FOOTWEAR – beads, crochet, rattan, and
woven fabrics are materials used for footwear
(strong, durable, and attractive)
- national footwear of the Philippines is
called bakya
- LILIW, LAGUNA is the home of
comfortable native footwear (Business World) ⸻
Al-She and Jhaz Footwear
d) HOME-USE PRODUCTS – does not only
refer to talent, but ingenuity as well
- KULTURA FILIPINO is a go-to store for
native decors (inside a mall), highlights
Filipino artistry and craftmanship
made from indigenous materials that best
reflect Philippine heritage and
contemporary culture under three main
categories: FASHION, HOME and
SOUVENIRS
- BANIG is used for throw pillow cases
in Cebu
- ABACA is woven into hats, baskets,
and diff types of containers in Bukidnon
- PANDAN LEAVES are used in trays in
Bacolod
- RAPIA makes good material for bottle
holders in Bohol
- BURI and ABACA (native plants) are
used in making lampshades
- AMLONG VINE is used by Maria
Vinecraft Inc. (Davao City) in making
lampshades
- Bacolod artist ANITA FERIA uses
ceramics and paints those to make a ceiling
lamp
e) DECORS – Yakan weavers produce textiles with
5 different kinds of weaving, differentiated by
technique, pattern, and function
- Tinukib and Sinamay are from Bicol
1) BUNGA-SAMA – a supplementary weft
weave, made by using pattern sticks or heddles in
the loom to produce the pattern
2) SAPUTANGAN - a square cloth best
known for its intricate and rich design, involving
optical illusion to create depth in the patterns
(tapestry weave - oldest and most traditional
technique)
3) INALAMAN - made using an elaborate
supplementary-weft technique, and often used for
women’s wraparound
4) PINANTUPAN – used for the
wraparound skirt, utilizes simple weft pattern
arranged in the band
PATRICK GABUTINA – from Tinabuan Arts and Crafts,
has 34 years of experience, a government employee and an
artist
- won the Grand Prize in the Fashion Accessories
Professional Category in 2019 (decors made of
driftwood, dried grasses and flowers)
SIGNIFICANCE OF USING AVAILABLE
MATERIALS FOR ARTWORKS
1) CONTRIBUTES MEANING AND AIDS
UNDERSTANDING – materials educe response
and evoke implication
- any medium used by the artist in his/her work
insinuates message
2) CHANGES PERCEPTION AND LEVEL OF
APPRECIATION - having an idea about the
materials used in an artwork will impact the
audience
- respect for art and higher appreciation for it will
likely occur once materials and techniques
coincide with form and content
3) INCREASES CULTURAL VALUE - the use of
indigenous materials in creating artworks promotes
one’s high regard to culture and heritage
- products made out of local materials stimulate
not only quality but also worth and pride
4) ENLIVENS ONE’S CREATIVITY - the use of
readily available materials in art creation was an
advantage for early Filipino artists
- as time passed by, this work has started to lose its
essence
- although technology is a boom today, the use of
available and local materials for artwork still
offers vast explorations and boosts creativity
5) INTERESTS COLLECTABILTY and
MARKETING - innovative yet resourceful artworks
are hot in the eyes of art enthusiasts and designers
- using available materials bombard impression for
valuable and marketable art choices
TYPES OF ART TECHNIQUES
1) COLLAGE - technique made by sticking various
flat elements like printed illustrations and
photographs into a flat surface
2) DECALCOMANIA - application of gouache to a
surface of a material like metal, glass, and canvas
3) DECOUPAGE - done by decorating an object by
gluing cutouts of paper then coating it with
transparent varnish
4) FROTTAGE - obtained through rubbing a crayon or
a pencil on a piece of paper over an object or image
5) MONTAGE - technique of making a picture placed
overlapping another picture or design in order to
form a blend
6) TRAPUNTO - quilting technique makes a raised
design or area on a cloth or other materials
7) DIGITAL APPLICATION - use of digital
technology in order to create a new media art or
presentation
IMPORTANCE OF USING ART TECHNIQUES
1) RESEMBLES ORIGINALITY OF AN ARTIST’S
WORK - techniques and styles are aspects that
define the signature of an artist
- contemporary artists strive hard to work on it to
establish identity of their artwork
2) HELPS AN ARTIST CREATE HIS/HER OWN
MASTERPIECE WITH CONFIDENCE – characteristics for artistic and often theatrical
techniques employed drives the artist’s confidence
- gives additional motivation to enjoy and express
himself/herself
- the more he/she acquires knowledge from both
experience and observation, the more he/she
gains confidence
3) FEATURES SPECIFIC PERIOD OF TIE FOR AN
ARTWORK’S STYLE AND TECHNIQUE –
artworks of the same style often belong to the same
era/movement
- although contemporary artists are inspired to
do works that reflect the past, their
masterpieces do not originally belong to that
era but merely resemble a part of history
4) EXPLORES THE USE OF COMBINED OR
MIXED MATERIALS – artists study their own
technique, contemplates then experiments the
application of multifaceted features
ART TECHNIQUES
a) MINIMALISM - take away what is unnecessary
and leaving only what is essential
Examples: We can have a real date (Boy Mata),
King of the Road (“Boy” Luna), and House in a
Garden (Picasso)
b) CUBISM - avant-garde style revolutionized
traditional artistic representation by breaking
down objects and figures into geometric shapes
ART PRACTICES
a) SINGKABAN OR BAMBOO ART
(BULACAN) – art of shaving bamboo into artful
creations that can be used as decor for arches or
for the home (new type of Philippine folk art)
Kawayang Pangarap by Kara David
b) DRAG ART – creative and performative aspects
of drag, form of entertainment where individuals,
known as drag performers, transform their
appearance and adopt exaggerated gender
purposes
IGLESIA NI CRISTO MUSEUM – largest museum in
the Philippines, five-story building (46,098.54 sqm)
 CONTEMPORARY ART TECHNIQUES AND
PERFORMANCE PRACTICES
1) FOUND OBJECTS - taking something that people
view as useless, and then using it in a unique way in
order to make artwork
Salvador Dali – Lobster Telephone (1938)
2) LARGE-SCALE ART - creating something huge to
express diverse perspectives in artwork
Walter de Maria – The Lightning Field (1977)
1) PUNI/PALM LEAF FOLDING (BULACAN) –
intended to create artful toys for kids, but can also be
used to create woven baskets, bags, and fans (dying
folk art)
2) TAKA (LAGUNA) – Maria Bague was the first
recorded woman who created taka (1920s), has
wooden molds covered in strips of paper dipped in a
sticky paste
3) SANIKULAS COOKIE MOLD CRAVINGS
(BATANGAS) – elegant and beautiful (dying art)
- Saniculas cookies are arrowroot cookies that
have the image of St. Nicholas molded on it
4) PAHIYAS (QUEZON) – one of the country’s
biggest, and most colorful harvest festival every
May 15th, along with the harvest festivals of the
towns of Tayabas, Sariaya, Gumaca, and Tiaong
ARTISTIC SKILLS AND TECHNIQUES IN
CONTEMPORARY ARTS
COLLAGE – became really popular in Europe (1900s)
thanks to a group called Dada (liked using all sorts of things)
- people like Pablo Picasso and Hannah Höch
made it famous
- “Still Life with Chair Caning” showed how cool
it could be, Hannah Höch used it to talk about
important things happening in the world
- Max Ernst (frottage), Romare Bearden used it to
tell stories about African-American culture and
important social issues
MAIN TYPES OF COLLAGES
1) PAPER COLLAGES – are like puzzles made from
paper pieces
- people cut out or tear bits of paper and arrange
them into a picture/design, uses glue to stick
everything together (Henri Matisse)
2) DIGITAL COLLAGES - artists use software to cut
and paste digital images and graphics
- you can mix photos, drawings, and even text to
create a digital masterpiece
3) MIXED MEDIA COLLAGES - artists mix all sorts
of stuff – like paint, fabric, buttons, and more – to
create a unique piece, art experiment (Robert
Rauschenberg)
4) PHOTOMONTAGE COLLAGES - artists cut and
paste photos to create a new image (David Hockney)
DECOLLAGE – opposite of collage, instead of an image
being built-up from parts of existing images, it is created by
cutting, treating away or otherwise removing pieces of an
original image
- in English, it means “take-off,” “to become
unglued,” or “to become unstuck”
GRAFFITI – writings/drawings that are scribed, scratched,
or painted illicitly on the wall or other surface, often in
public place
- ranges from simple written words to elaborated
wall paintings
- may express underlying social and political
messages (spray paint graffiti styles)
LAND ART, EARTH WORKS, OR EARTH ARTS -
art movement in which landscape and art are
inextricably linked
- uses natural materials such as soil, rocks (bed
rocks, boulders, stones), organic media (logs,
branches, leaves), and water which introduced
materials such as concrete, metal, asphalt, or
mineral pigments
MIXED MEDIA - artwork in the making of which
more than one medium has employed
- work of visual art that combines various
traditionally distinct visual art media
PRINT MAKING - making artworks by painting,
normally in the paper
- prints are created by transforming ink from a
matrix or through a prepared screen to a sheet
of paper or other materials
PRODUCTION PLANNING
PHILIPPINE MODERN ART (1946-1970) - study of
determining what is Philippine Contemporary Art Period
is still being determined since the word has been used
loosely even during the American Colonial Period
PHILIPPINE CONTEMPORY ART (1980s-present) -
sudden rise of personal computers and new technology
created a new art medium for the arts and human
expression
FILIPINO ART STYLE THAT DEVELOPED
THROUGH SPANISH PERIOD
MINIATURISMO ART - pays attention to the
embroidery and texture of the costume “Portrait of
Romano Carillo” by Justiniano Asuncion
LETRAS Y FIGURAS ART - fuses letters with figures in
everyday activity amidst a common background usually
used in painting a patron’s full name
HISTORY: MAJOR ARTISTS AND MOVEMENTS
1) POP ART - distinctive genre of that first
“popped” up in post-war Britain and America
- modern and open approach to art, mainly
marked by an interest in popular culture and
creative interpretations of consumer goods
ROBERTO FELEO – BASI REVOLT
- veteran of the Philippine art scene, influenced
generations of artists being an educator in the
Makiling School for Arts and in UP
- Basi Revolt shows us a clear, vivid vision of
Feleo’s world of surreal yet familiar characters,
narratives, flora and fauna
- Sculptures are made out of ground eggshells
POW MARTINEZ – DOOMSDAY PREPPERS
- perfect example of the breath and variety of
contemporary painting is part landscape, part
genre painting, part nerd’s commercial,
doomsday preppers
- speaks volumes about Martinez’s views on hyper
realistic, conventional academic paintings
- it’s unassuming and brutal, ugly honesty is the
whole point of the artwork
2) PHOTOREALISM – art form that includes painting,
drawing, and other graphic media
- artist studies a photograph and then seeks to
replicate the image in another medium as
realistically as possible (Julmard Vicente)
KORONA 2019
- Nona Garcia’s haunting light boxes are the latest
iteration of her ongoing X-rays of statues of
saints
- she seeks to reveal the materiality of the statues,
while bestowing upon them a sense of
otherworldly presence
3) CONCEPTUALISM – aka conceptual art, refers to
the Anglo-American art movement that blossomed
in the 1960s and 1970s
- the idea, planning and production process of the
artwork, was seen as more important than the
actual result
ROBERTO “BOBBY” RODRĺGUEZ CHABET 8) STREET ART – genre that gained popularity
(3/29/1937 – 4/30/2013) with the emergence of graffiti (1980s), frequently
- widely known father of conceptual art in the rooted in social justice, comprises murals,
Philippines sculptures, stenciled portraits, and stickers
- works are meditations on space, the transitory erected in public spaces
nature of commonplace objects and the collisions
that occur with their displacement
- ventured into architecture, painting, printmaking,
sculpture, stage designing, teaching, photography
and writing
- “Towards 1001 Isthuses” (2012)
4) MINIMALISM – art of simplicity, emerged in New
York (early 1960s)
- Arturo Luz (Filipino modern artist) is known for
his minimalist, geometric, and abstract styles of
art
- Red Sky (2007), Cycling Trio (2011), Kyoto
Series
5) PERFORMANCE ART - forms of art in which
artists use their voices, bodies or inanimate objects
to convey artistic expression
- fashion, painting, sculpture, architecture, music,
and dance (most popular among Filipinos) show
evidence of these
6) INSTALLATION ART - used to describe large-
scale, mixed-media constructions, often designed for
a specific place or for a temporary period of time
- LUIS YEE JR. or JUNYEE (1942) is the father
of installation art in the Philippines
7) EARTH ART – aka land art, made directly in the
landscape, sculpting the land itself into earthworks
or making structures in the landscape using natural
materials such as rocks or twigs