ENGLISH ASSIGNMENT

CONJUNCTIONS

27 MAY, 2023

COMSATS UNIVERSITY
NAME: MUHAMMAD EHTISHAM YOUNAS
REG NO: SP23-BDS-032
 Title: Conjunctions: Enhancing Coherence and Connectivity

I. Introduction
A. Definition and Purpose:
Conjunctions are essential linguistic tools that connect words, phrases, and clauses within
sentences. They act as syntactical bridges, enabling the formation of coherent and cohesive texts.
By facilitating logical relationships between different parts of a sentence, conjunctions enhance
the overall clarity and effectiveness of communication.

B. Types of Conjunctions:
There are three main types of conjunctions:

1. Coordinating Conjunctions: These conjunctions join words, phrases, or independent clauses that are of
equal importance within a sentence. The most common coordinating conjunctions are "and," "but," "or,"
"nor," "for," "so," and "yet."

2. Subordinating Conjunctions: Subordinating conjunctions introduce dependent clauses, which cannot

stand alone as complete sentences. These conjunctions establish a hierarchical relationship between the
dependent clause and the main clause, indicating subordination or dependency. Examples of
subordinating conjunctions include "although," "because," "if," "when," "while," and "since."

3. Correlative Conjunctions: These conjunctions work in pairs to connect elements that have equal
grammatical weight within a sentence. Common correlative conjunctions include "both...and,"
"either...or," "neither...nor," "not only...but also," and "whether...or."

II. Uses of Conjunctions

A. Coordinating Conjunctions:
1. Combining Words or Phrases:
Coordinating conjunctions are often used to combine two or more words or phrases. For
example, "She likes to swim in the lake and hike in the mountains."

2. Joining Independent Clauses:

Coordinating conjunctions can also be used to join two independent clauses to form a compound
sentence. For instance, "I went to the store, but they had already closed."
B. Subordinating Conjunctions:

1. Creating Complex Sentences:

Subordinating conjunctions are used to introduce dependent clauses, which rely on the main
clause to make sense. For example, "Although it was raining, we decided to go for a walk."

2. Indicating Cause and Effect:

Subordinating conjunctions can show cause-and-effect relationships between ideas. For instance,
"Because she studied hard, she performed well on the exam."

C. Correlative Conjunctions:
Correlative conjunctions are used to express specific relationships between elements within a
sentence. For example, "Not only did he finish his homework, but he also cleaned his room."

III. Paragraph with Highlighted Conjunctions

A. Original Paragraph:
The sun was shining. The birds were singing. It was a beautiful day. I went for a walk. I saw my
friend. We went to the park. We played on the swings. We had a picnic. We enjoyed the outdoors.

B. Revised Paragraph with Added Conjunctions:

The sun was shining, and the birds were singing, making it a beautiful day.