University of the Punjab Gujranwala Campus

Department of Business Administration

BBA 7th Morning A
Final Project: Picture puzzle

Course: Entrepreneurship
Course Instructor: Dr. Sameera Bilal
Submitted By:

BBA20004 Afrah Mubashar

BBA 20007 Romaan Shahid
BBA20016 Hareema Hafeez
BBA20034 Sadia Ahmad
BBA20051 Kashaf Fatima

Dated: January 10, 2024

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Contents
Contents ................................................................................................................................................ 2

Problem statement ................................................................................................................................... 1

Recommendation and product ................................................................................................................. 1

Production process ................................................................................................................................... 3

Puzzle printing ......................................................................................................................................... 3

Refining the puzzle prints ......................................................................................................................... 3

Puzzle lamination ...................................................................................................................................... 3

Maturing ................................................................................................................................................... 3

Puzzle die-cutting ...................................................................................................................................... 3

Puzzle breaking and packing ..................................................................................................................... 3

Accessories and protection against opening ............................................................................................ 4

Material Required ......................................................................................................................................... 4

Machinery Required...................................................................................................................................... 4

Cricut Machine .......................................................................................................................................... 4

Cricut Maker.......................................................................................................................................... 4

Laptop or computer .................................................................................................................................. 5

Printer ....................................................................................................................................................... 6

Time Required ............................................................................................................................................... 6

Financing ....................................................................................................................................................... 6

Acrylic Sheet.............................................................................................................................................. 6

Printer and Paper ...................................................................................................................................... 7

Adhesive .................................................................................................................................................... 7

Acrylic Cutting Tools.................................................................................................................................. 7

Safety Equipment ...................................................................................................................................... 7

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 Sandpaper, Cloth, Sealer, Felt/Fabric ....................................................................................................... 7

Packaging cost ........................................................................................................................................... 8

Labor cost .................................................................................................................................................. 9

Figure 1: Puzzle Frame .................................................................................................................................. 1

Figure 2: Cricut Maker machine .................................................................................................................... 4
Figure 3: Cricut design space software ......................................................................................................... 5
Figure 4: UV-curable flatbed printer ............................................................................................................. 6

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 Feasibility Report

Problem statement
Children especially in learning ages from 2 to 6 need cognitive development and enrichment.
Unfortunately, society is more inclined towards teaching them the mundane course-book work. In
Pakistan, children begin pre-school education from two years of age and they do not usually get
enough time at home with their parents. Here, the conflict between school education and the
necessary cognitive development starts. Instead of learning problem-solving and analytical skills,
they get engrossed in textbooks. And the time children get to spend at home is spared in eating and
sleeping. So, they do not get any learning time with their parents. Because of this routine, children
do not develop some essential skills. Also, an important factor is the time children spend on
electronic devices like TVs, tablets and mobiles. Now these devices can help in sharpening their
minds but up to a certain limit only. Excess of everything is bad. Too much screen time is
hazardous to their health. Some common issues associated with screen time are poor vision, loss
of appetite, migraine and even hunched back. So, there is a need for a fun activity that will promote
skills in children and also cut off their time spent on tablets and PCs.

Recommendation and product

The idea behind a customized photo puzzle startup was to
engage the children in a fun activity which would help
them acquire certain skills. The customized puzzle with a
family photo is more interesting as it also increases the
children’s interest. The idea of the jigsaw puzzle turning
out to be a family photo will only increase their curiosity.
Solving a puzzle may seem like a simple task but it
sharpens one’s mind. Some common competencies
children may develop through solving the puzzle include: Figure 1: Puzzle Frame

• Problem-solving skills

Picture puzzles require logical thinking and analyzing skills. Kids try to analyze and figure out the
correct pattern to make the picture. In a way, this sharpens their cognitive abilities.

• Critical thinking

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Making the right decision based on various possibilities of the result develops critical thinking in
children.

• Motor skills

Solving with puzzles has significant impacts on a child's physical skills, developing fine motor
skills through the coordination of small muscles. Grasping and fiddling with puzzle pieces
activates the smaller muscles in your child's hands and wrists, while selecting and placing the
individual pieces improves your child's hand-eye coordination.

• Eye movements

Solving jigsaw puzzles improves the coordination of eye muscles and reduces the risk of cross-
eyes in children. Kids learn to coordinate the visuals with their motor skills.

• Memory improvement

Solving puzzles will improve their memory as the colors and patterns will get embedded in their
minds.

• Patience

Completing a puzzle takes time and effort and solving one will make kids realize that goals take
time for completion. They learn to control their frustration.

• Creativity and imagination

Engaging in such a fun activity enhances their minds and enriches the imagination of kids, the
creative illustrations open their minds’ horizons.

• Screen-free activity

Engaging in offline activities like solving a picture puzzle provides some time off from screens
and promotes learning playfully.

• Family bonding

Working on family picture puzzles together provides a leisure activity for the families and time
off from hectic routine work.

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Production process
The production process includes 7 following steps

1. Puzzle printing
In the first step, the images are printed on both sides. It is the most pleasant stage of production.
This is when the design moves out of virtual word and present itself. Printing is applicable for
larger orders like those order who exceed 500 sheets, the reason for making it in bulk amount is to
manage the cost which only became reasonable through manufacturing in larger volume.

2. Refining the puzzle prints

This process ensures that the visual element of puzzle meets the expectations and standard, creating
a visually appealing and durable product. It includes continuous improvement in printing
technology, materials and manufacturing process.

3. Puzzle lamination
It is the point where prints are combining with the cardboard. Prints are attached with the help of
glue; two to three layers of glue are added so that it sticks strongly with the cardboard.

4. Maturing
This is a resting stage which come after attaching the prints to the cardboard, in this phase rest of
almost 2 weeks is given to the puzzle so that the moisture can escape out and glue sticks strongly
with the surface.

5. Puzzle die-cutting
This process ensures cutting out of pieces according to pattern, the work is carried out through
heaviest machines with pressure of hundred tonnes. The main purpose of the step is to generate
the right force to perfectly cut out each piece.

6. Puzzle breaking and packing

At this stage the cut puzzles are broken apart and packed into a suitable box. Breaking is taking
place through machines or 100% manually. Puzzle prepared in this way go directly to the product
packaging.

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 7. Accessories and protection against opening
This is final stage of puzzle production. When the product is ready the thing left is its protection
against opening so the most common method for closing the box are shrink wrapping or adding
stickers to the opening points. Some accessories are also added in the box like posters, booklets
etc.

Material Required
Material required in the process of making puzzle is as
follows:

• Acrylic sheets
• Desired Print of Puzzle
• Printer
• Matte Solution
• Soft Glue
• Cutting Machine
• Packaging Material
• Scissors
• Adhesive tape

Machinery Required
Cricut Machine
A Cricut is a digital die-cutting machine that is able to cut many
different materials to use in a plethora of craft projects. We can cut
materials such as paper, vinyl and with the correct cutting blades
some Cricut machines can also cut balsa wood, fabrics, leather and
cork.
Cricut Maker
There are currently 3 different types of Cricut Machines and
accessories they each offer different features. Cricut Maker is one
of the machines that are being used to cut materials. The Cricut Maker Figure 2: Cricut Maker machine

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is a versatile cutting machine designed for crafters and DIY enthusiasts. It is one of the flagship
models produced by Cricut, known for its precision cutting capabilities and a wide range of
material compatibility. It can cut more than 300 materials, including wood, leather, felt, fabric,
acrylic, plastic, and more. It also works with mats that are 12 by 12 inches or 12 by 24 inches.
Cricut Maker Accessories
Cricut maker has many accessories that performs different functions according to the cutting
material. It includes:

• Cricut Maker replacement blades

• Cricut Maker
• Cricut vinyl
• Cricut Maker tool sets
• Cricut iron-on material
• Cricut pen sets
• Cricut transfer tape

Working process of Cricut machine

• Choose the materials needed for the project (e.g. card, craft vinyl, acrylic, wood
adhesive).
• Prepare the design of the project in Cricut Design Space software.
• Connect the Cricut Maker machine to a laptop or computer via USB cable or Bluetooth.
• Load the cutting material into the machine.
• Select and adjust settings for cut and/or draw depending on desired output.
• Send design to Cricut Maker machine to start cutting or drawing.
• Assemble pieces together using adhesive as necessary

Laptop or computer
Any hardware (computer, laptop and smartphones) can de
used to install the circuit maker software. The software is
packed with features such as layers, images, fonts, text
effects, and more that allow you to design whatever you
can imagine. Cricut Design Space also offers so many

Figure 3: Cricut design space software

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creative possibilities to explore with features like Print then Cut, Sketch Pens for freehand drawing,
and more

Printer
Many different types of printers can be used to print on
different materials, but on acrylic, the most suitable
printer is a UV-curable flatbed printer. Because acrylic
is a thermoplastic material, directly applying heat to it
can cause the material to melt, warp, or produce
undesirable results. These printers use UV-curable inks
that are cured or dried using ultraviolet light.
Figure 4: UV-curable flatbed printer
Time Required
Time can vary based on the complexity of the puzzle design, the intricacy of the cuts, and the size
of the puzzle pieces. Simple puzzles take around 30 minutes to an hour, while more complex or
large puzzles could take several hours.

No of Pieces Time Period

35 pieces 30 minutes to 1.5 hours
50 pieces 1 to 2.5 hours
100 pieces 2 to 4.5 hours
200 pieces 4 to 8 hours
500 pieces 8 to 16 hours
1000 pieces 16 to 32 hours

Financing

Acrylic Sheet
The cost of acrylic sheets can vary based on size and thickness. A standard-sized sheet (24" x 36")
of 1/8-inch-thick acrylic may cost around 1,000 to 2,000 Pakistani Rupees (PKR).

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Printer and Paper
Printing costs depend on the quality of the printer and the type of paper used. High-quality photo
paper and ink may cost around 500 to 1,000 PKR.

Adhesive
The cost of adhesive (double-sided tape or spray adhesive) is relatively low, and we may need
around 200 to 500 PKR.

Acrylic Cutting Tools

If you're using basic tools like a jigsaw, the cost may be minimal. If we are using a laser cutter, the
cost can vary significantly. DIY laser cutters can be less expensive, starting from a few thousand
PKR, while professional services may charge based on the complexity and size of the project.

Safety Equipment
We may need to invest in safety glasses, gloves, and a mask. Budget would be around 500 to 1,000
PKR for these items.

Sandpaper, Cloth, Sealer, Felt/Fabric

These items are relatively low-cost, and we spend around 500 to 1,000 PKR for sandpaper, cloth,
sealer, and felt or fabric.

Here is the summary

1. Acrylic Sheet: 1,000 to 2,000 PKR

2. Printer and Paper: 500 to 1,000 PKR

3. Adhesive: 200 to 500 PKR

4. Acrylic Cutting Tools: Saw

5. Safety Equipment: 500 to 1,000 PKR

6. Sandpaper, Cloth, Sealer, Felt/Fabric: 500 to 1,000 PKR

The total estimated manufacturing cost would be:

Total Cost = (Acrylic Sheet) + (Printer and Paper) + (Adhesive) + (Safety Equipment) +
(Sandpaper, Cloth, Sealer, Felt/Fabric)

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 • For a rough estimate, considering the lower ends of the cost ranges:

Total Cost = (1,000) + (500) + (200) + (500) + (500) ≈ 2,700 PKR

For a rough estimate considering the upper ends of the cost ranges:

Total Cost = (2,000) + (1,000) + (500) + (1,000) + (1,000) ≈ 5,500 PKR

Packaging cost
The packaging cost can vary based on the type and quality of packaging materials used, as well as
the size and weight of the finished jigsaw puzzle. Here's a breakdown of potential packaging costs:

1. Box or Packaging Material

The cost of the box or packaging material depends on the type and quality. A simple cardboard
box or packaging materials may cost around 200 to 500 PKR.

2. Bubble Wrap or Protective Packaging

If it includes bubble wrap or other protective packaging materials, this could add an additional 100
to 300 PKR.

3. Labels and Packaging Tape

Labeling and sealing the package may require packaging tape and labels, which could cost around
50 to 100 PKR.

4. Labor (if applicable)

To assemble and pack the puzzles.

Per-Unit Packaging Cost = (Box or Packaging Material) + (Bubble Wrap or Protective

Packaging) + (Labels and Packaging Tape) + (Labor, if applicable)

For a rough estimate, let's use the lower ends of the cost ranges:

Per-Unit Packaging Cost ≈ 200 PKR + 100 PKR + 50 PKR + (Labor, if applicable)

Total Packaging Cost for 100 units ≈ 100 units * Per-Unit Packaging Cost

• Similarly, for a rough estimate using the upper ends of the cost ranges:

Per-Unit Packaging Cost ≈ 500 PKR + 300 PKR + 100 PKR + (Labor, if applicable)

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Total Packaging Cost for 100 units ≈ 100 units * Per-Unit Packaging Cost

Labor cost
Estimating labor costs can be challenging as it depends on various factors such as local labor rates,
the skill level required, and the time it takes to complete the tasks. Labor costs for packaging might
involve tasks like assembling the puzzles, placing them in packaging, applying labels, and sealing
the boxes. Here's a very rough estimate:

1. Assembling and Placing Puzzles in Packaging

Assuming it takes 1 to 2 hours to assemble and place puzzles in packaging, and a local labor rate
of 100 to 200 PKR per hour, the cost could range from 100 to 400 PKR.

2. Applying Labels and Sealing Boxes

This might take an additional 30 minutes to 1 hour, and the cost could range from 50 to 200 PKR.
These estimates are very rough and the actual labor cost may be higher or lower depending on
local rates, efficiency of the worker, and other factors. Additionally, these estimates are per unit,
so if you are producing multiple puzzles, you would need to multiply the labor cost by the number
of units.

For a total labor cost estimate:

Total Labor Cost = (Assembling and Placing Puzzles) + (Applying Labels and Sealing Boxes)

• For a rough estimate, considering the lower ends of the cost ranges:

Total Labor Cost = (100 to 400) + (50 to 200) PKR per unit

• For a rough estimate, considering the upper ends of the cost ranges:

Total Labor Cost = (400 to 600) + (200 to 400) PKR per unit

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