Blue Print of the Paper – I

Name of Chapter 1M 2M 3M 4M 5M Q(M)

Electrostatics 1(2) 2(3) 3 (8)

Current Electricity 2 (1) 1(2) 1(3) 4 (7)

Force on Moving Charges

1(2) 2(3) 3 (8)
Magnetism

Electromagnetic Induction
1(3) 1(5) 2 (8)
Alternating Current

Electromagnetic Waves 1(3) 1 (3)

Optics 1 (1) 1(2) 2(3) 1(5) 5 (14)

Dual Nature of Radiation

1 (1) 1(3) 2 (4)
and Matter

Atoms and Nuclei 2(3) 2 (6)

Semiconductor Devices 1(2) 1(5) 2 (7)

Communication Systems 1 (1) 1 (4) 2 (5)

Total 5(1) 5(2) 12(3) 1(4) 3(5) 26 (70)

1
 DELHI PRIVATE SCHOOL, DUBAI

EEE CONSORTIUM

PREBOARD EXAMINATION- 2015 -2016

PHYSICS – SET -I
Class XII Maximum Marks: 70

Date: 18TH January 2016 Time allowed: 3 hrs

General Instructions:

(i) All questions are compulsory

(ii) There are 26 questions in all. Question 1 to 5 is of 1 mark each, Question 6 to 10 of 2
marks each, Question 11 to 22 of 3 marks each Question 23 of 4 marks and
Question 24 to 26 of 5 marks.
(iii) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one
question of two marks, one question of three marks and all three questions of five
marks each. You have to attempt only one of the given choices in such questions.
(iv) Use of calculators is not permitted.
(v) You may use the following physical constants wherever necessary :
c = 3 x 108ms-1
h = 6.6 x 10-34Js
e = 1.6 x 10-19 C
µo = 4πx10 -7TmA-1
Boltzmann constant k = 1.38 x 1023 JK-1
Avogadro’s number NA = 6.023 x 1023/mole
Mass of neutron mn = 1.6 x 10-27 kg

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SECTION A

1. What does the term ‘attenuation’ mean in communication system? 1

2. Draw the shape of wave-front coming out of a concave lens when a plane wave is
1
incident on it.

3. How does electron mobility change for a good conductor, when the applied potential
1
difference is doubled at constant temperature?

4. A wire of resistance ‘R’ is cut into three equal parts which are now joined in such a way
1
so as to get a resistance of 2R/9 ohms. Draw this combination of three resistors?

5. Matter waves are different from light waves. How? 1

SECTION B

6. Use Kirchhoff ’s rules to determine the potential difference between the points A and D 2
2
 when no current flows in the arm BE of the electric network shown in the figure.

7. Two capacitors of capacitances C1 and C2 such that C1 = 2C2 are connected in turn (i) in
series and (ii) in parallel across the same battery.
2
In which of the two cases will the (a) energy stored and (b) charge acquired be more?
Justify your answer.

8. A convex lens has power 10D. When immersed in a liquid, it behaves as concave lens

having focal length 50 cm. Find refractive index of the liquid (given
μ ga=1. 5 )

OR

Trace the path of the ray of light passing through a glass prism (ABC) as shown

in the figure. If the refractive index of the glass is√ 3, find out the value of angle

of emergence form the prism. (2)

9. What are logic gates? Write the truth table of the following combination of gates.
2

10. Define magnetic meridian. A freely suspended bar magnet of magnetic moment 2
0.8 JT-1 is to be held normal to the magnetic meridian at a place where the
horizontal component of earth’s magnetic field is 0.4 gauss. How much external

3
 torque must be applied on the bar magnet in this orientation?

SECTION C

11. The following figure shows the variation of intensity of magnetization I versus the
applied magnetic field intensity H, for two magnetic materials A and B:

(a) Identify the type of material A and B.

(b) Specimens of these materials are placed in a uniform magnetic field. Draw the
modified field patterns.

12. X-rays fall on a photosensitive surface to cause photoelectric emission. Assuming that
the work function of the surface can be neglected, find the relation between the de-
3
Broglie wavelength (λ) of the electrons emitted to the energy (Ev) of the incident photons
and draw graph for λ as a function of Ev.

13. (i) What is the geometrical shape of equipotential surfaces due to a single
isolated charge?
(ii) Derive the expression for the potential energy of an electric dipole of dipole 3
moment P placed in a uniform electric field E.

14. State Biot-Savart’s law. Use it to find ‘B’ field at the centre of current ‘I’ carrying circular
loop of radius ‘R’.

OR
3
A long straight wire of a circular cross-section of radius ‘a’ carries a steady current ‘I’.
The current is uniformly distributed across the cross-section. Apply Ampere’s circuital
law to calculate the magnetic field at a point ‘r’ in the region for (i) r <a and (ii) r > a.

15. (i) Write down the following in decreasing order of their wavelengths :
(a) γ – rays, (b) X – rays (c) microwaves.

(ii) Electromagnetic radiations with wavelength

(a) λ1 are used to kill germs in water purifiers 3

(b) λ2 are used in TV communication systems
(c) λ3 play an important role in maintaining the earth’s warmth.

Name the part of electromagnetic spectrum to which these radiations belong. Arrange
these wavelengths in decreasing order of their magnitude.

16. State Gauss’s theorem and find out expression for electric field at a point near a surface 3

4
 distribution of charge of infinite extent.

17. Write Rydberg’s formula to predict spectral series of a hydrogen atom. Calculate the
3
wavelength of first and last spectral line of Balmer series of H-atom.

18. What do you mean by resolving power of a compound microscope? Explain the factors
3
affecting the resolving power of a compound microscope.

19. State Bohr’s postulate for the ‘permitted orbits’ for the electron in a hydrogen atom. Use
this postulate to prove that the circumference of the nth permitted orbit for the electron
3
can contain exactly ‘n’ wavelengths of the de-Broglie wavelength associated with the
electron in that orbit.

20. You are given two convex lenses of short aperture having focal lengths 4 cm and 8 cm
respectively. Which one of these will you use as an objective and which one as an
eyepiece for constructing a compound microscope? Draw a ray diagram to show the 3
formation of the image of a small object due to a compound microscope. Write an
expression for its magnifying power.

21. (i)Why is the use of A.C. voltage preferred over D.C. voltage ? Give two reasons.
(ii) An applied voltage signal consists of a superposition of a dc voltage and an ac
voltage of high frequency. The circuit consists of an inductor and a capacitor and
negligible resistance in series. Show that the dc signal will appear across C and
the ac signal across L. 3
(iii) A series LCR circuit is connected to an a.c. source of variable frequency.
Draw a suitable phasor diagram to deduce the expressions for the
amplitude of the current and phase angle.

22. A potentiometer wire of length 1 m has a resistance of 5 Ω. It is connected to a 8 V

battery in series with a resistance of 15 Ω. Determine the emf of the primary cell which 3
gives a balance point at 60 cm.

SECTION D

23. Shivani’s grandfather was talking to her about the quality of music from transistor sets
in their times. He was complaining that in earlier times, there would be noise in the
music which acted as an irritant. However now – days, the noise is almost missing from
the music. Shivani explained to him that this is not due to the quality of radio set but it
is due to superior technology used in the transmission of signal. Shivani’s grandfather
was happy to get this information. 4

Answer the following questions :

(a) What according to you are the values displayed by Shivani ?

Explain the superior technology that is being talked about in the above discussion.

SECTION E

24. (a) Explain with the help of a diagram, the two currents in the junction region during its 1
formation.

(b) With the help of a circuit diagram explain the working of Zener diode as voltage
regulator. 2

5
 (c) Draw the graph showing variation of output regulated voltage versus input
fluctuating voltage. 2

OR

(a) Draw the circuit diagram showing NPN transistor in CE configuration used to study 1
its characteristics.

(b) Draw the output characteristics of a transistor in the CE configuration. Write the
formula of its output resistance. 2

(c) Use the logic gate NAND combination to make OR gate. Verify its working with truth 2
table.

25. Trace the path of a ray of light as it gets refracted by a prism for oblique incidence of
light in minimum deviation condition. Use the diagram to prove the formula used to
1

calculate the refractive index of prism material, μ=

sin ( A+ δ m
2 )
sin ( A2 ) 2

A ray PQ is incident normally on the face AB of a triangular prism of refracting angle of

600, made of a transparent material of refractive index 2 /√3. Calculate the angle of
deviation.
2
OR

(a) For a single slit of width "a", the first minimum of the interference pattern of a
monochromatic light of wavelength λ occurs at an angle of λ/a . At the same angle of OR
λ/a , we get a maximum for two narrow slits separated by a distance "a". Explain.
1
(b) (i)'Two independent monochromatic sources of light cannot produce a sustained
interference pattern'. Give reason. 2
(ii) Light waves each of amplitude "a" and frequency "ω", emanating from two coherent
light sources superpose at a point. If the displacements due to these waves is given by 2

y1 = a cos ωt and y2 = a cos(ωt + ϕ) where ϕ is the phase difference between the two,
obtain the expression for the resultant intensity at the point.
26. (a) Write the expression for the oscillation frequency for energy in an LC circuit 1
(b) Describe the oscillation of energy in a LC circuit using diagrams or otherwise. 2
(c) Why is the power dissipated only across R in an LCR circuit during resonance. 2
OR

(a) Describe a simple experiment (or activity) to show that the polarity of emf induced in 1
a coil is always such that it tends to produce a current which opposes the change of
magnetic flux that produces it. 2

(b) The current flowing through an inductor of self inductance L is continuously

increasing. Plot a graph showing the variation of
2
(i) Magnetic flux versus the current
(ii) Induced emf versus dI/dt
6
(iii) Magnetic potential energy stored versus the current.

All The Best ! ! !

7
 Answer Key Physics Paper – I
1. Attenuation means decrease in intensity/strength of the transmitted signal as it travels through medium. 1

2. 1

3. Mobility is independent of applied potential. 1

4.
1
Two in series then in parallel to the third.

5. Their wavelength is not associated with energy of waves instead it is given by the momentum of the moving body ½+½

6. 1

7. ½

8
8. For the convex lens using Lens maker’s formula ½

We get radius of curvature R = 10 cm ½

Now, Once again when immersed in liquid, using lens maker’s formula, µl = 5/3 = 1.67 1

OR

Snell’s law

I =300
½
Sine =√ 3 sin300 ½
e =600

9. Logic gates are semiconductor electronic circuits performing some logic operations.eg NAND, NOR etc. ½

Its truth table is ½

A B Y

0 0 0

1 0 1

0 1 0 1)

1 1 1

10. It is vertical plane passing through the imaginary line joining the magnetic ½
north and south poles.
½
-1 -5
Given M = 0.8 JT , BH = 0.4 g = 0.4 x 10 tesla
½

Torque required to hold the bar magnet normal to the magnetic meridian is = M ½
BH sin θ (θ = 90)

= 3.2 x 10-5 Nm.

9
11. A = ferromagnetic ------------------------------------------1/2
½

B = Paramagnetic ----------------------------------------------1/2

Field pattern (a&b)

½

----------------------

12. The energy of incident X – rays is : Ev = ϕ0 + Kmax = Ev as work function is negligible.

Now , de Broglie wavelength is λ=h/p

But momentum p = √2m Ev 2

Therefore, λ = h / √2m Ev

Graph for λ as a function of Ev:

13. Fig. 1

10
 ½

14. Biot-Savart’s Law : The magnetic field due to any current element Idl 1
at a distance ‘r’ in any orientation ‘θ’ is given by :

dB=¿ ( 4μπ ) Idlsinθ

0

r 2
1

From the diagram, B= ∫ ( )

μ 0 Idlsin 90
4π R
2
1

( )∫
2 πR
μ0 I μ0 I
= 2
dl = Outwards directed
4π R 0 2R

OR

½
(i) For r < a

11
 ½

(ii) For r > a

From Ampere’s circuital law,

12
15. MW > X-rays > γ rays 1

(a) UV (b) Radiowaves (c) IR 1

λ of radiowaves > λ of IR > λ of UV
1

16. Total electric flux passing through a closed surface is equal to 1/Єo times the net charge ½
enclosed by the surface.
½

13
 ( )
17. 1 2 1 1
Rydberg’s formula : =R Z 2 − 2 m-1 where R = 1.097 x 107 m-1 is Rydberg’s
λ n1 n2 ½
constant
½
Wavelength of first spectral line of Balmer Series is (when n 1 = 2 and n2 = 3, Z = 1)
1
will be 656.3 nm
1
Wavelength of last spectral line of Balmer Series is (when n1 = 2 and n2 = ∞, Z
= 1) will be 364.6 nm
18. By resolving power of the compound microscope, we mean its ability to show two nearby point images as two 1
2 n sinβ
separate ones. It is given by the expression r . p .= ½
1.22 λ
Factors affecting R.P. of compound microscope :
½
(i) The medium of separation b/w slide to be seen and objective lens of compound microscope.
½
(ii) The wave length of incident light illuminating the object on slide.
½
(iii) The semi-vertical angle made by object on objective lens of the microscope.

19. Bohr’s postulates:

1. Electrons in an atom exist in STATIONARY STATES.
½
2. Transmission between stationary states produces/absorbs EM Radiation.
3. The ANGULAR MOMENTUM of a stationary electron is QUANTISED ½
mvr=nh/2π
1
Angular momentum of an electron is an integral multiple of h/2π.
Mvr=nh/2π where n=1,2,3… 2πr =nh/mv 1

2πr =nλ, λ=h/mv

i.e. circumference of the nth orbit is n times the de-Broglie

wavelength associated with electron in that orbit.
20. Lens of focal length 4 cm is used as an objective and lens of focal length 8 cm is 1
used as an eyepiece.

Magnifying power = v/u [1 + D/fe]

= L/fo [1 + D/fe] 1

21. i) The loss energy in transmitting the A.C. voltage over long distances with the help of step up ½

14
 transformers is negligible as compared to D.C. voltage-------------1/2

ii) A.C. voltage can be stepped up and stepped down as per the requirement using a
transformer ----------------------------1/2 ½
a) The dc signal will appear across capacitor C because for dc signals, the impedance of an
inductor (L) is negligible while the impedance of a capacitor (C) is very high (almost
infinite). Hence, a dc signal appears across C. For an ac signal of high frequency, the
impedance of L is high and that of C is very low. Hence, an ac signal of high frequency
½
appears across L.-------------------1

1½

22. Total resistance of the circuit, R = (RAB + 15) Ω = 20 Ω 1

Current in the circuit , i=V/R=8/20 A --------------------------------------1 ½
∴ Voltage across AB, VAB = i.RAB = 2 V ----------------------------------------1/2
The emf of the cell connected as above is given by: ½
e=lV0 /L -------------------------------------- 1/2 ½
Here:
l=60cm(balancepoint) ½

AB = L = 1 m = 100 cm (total length of the wire)

∴ e=60 (2)/100=1.2 V

23. (i)The values displayed by Shivani are (i) Intelligent (ii) Awareness etc ( Or any other two relevant values) 2

(ii) The superior technology is Frequency Modulation (FM). FM signals are not affected by atmospheric
disturbances like lightening, Circiuit elements humming noise etc.
2

24. (a) Diagram :

Explanation: Two important processes occur during the formation of a p-n junction: diffusion and drift.
During the formation of p-n junction, and due to the concentration gradient across p-, and n- sides, holes
diffuse from p-side to n-side (p n) and electrons diffuse from n-side to p-side (n p). This motion of
charge carries gives rise to diffusion current across the junction.

Due to the positive space-charge region on n-side of the junction and negative space charge region on p-side
1
of the junction, an electric field directed from positive charge towards negative charge develops. Due to this
field, an electron on p-side of the junction moves to n-side and a hole on n- side of the junction moves to p-
side. The motion of charge carriers due to the electric field is called drift current. Thus drift current is
opposite in direction to the diffusion current.

15
(b) Circuit diagram showing Zener as voltage regulator:

Working: The unregulated dc voltage (filtered output of a rectifier) is connected to the Zener diode through a
series resistance Rs such that the Zener diode is reverse biased. 1

If the input voltage increases, the current through Rs and Zener diode also increases. This increases the
voltage drop across Rs without any change in the voltage across the Zener diode. This is because in the
breakdown region, Zener voltage remains constant even though the current through the Zener diode 1
changes.

Similarly, if the input voltage decreases, the current through Rs and Zener diode also decreases. The voltage
drop across Rs decreases without any change in the voltage across the Zener diode. Thus any
increase/decrease in the input voltage results in, increase/ decrease of the voltage drop across Rs without any 1
change in voltage across the Zener diode. Thus the Zener diode acts as a voltage regulator. We have to
select the Zener diode according to the required output voltage and accordingly the series resistance Rs.

Graph:

OR

(a) Circuit diagram how an n-p-n transistor in C.E. configuration:

(b) Output characteristics:

Δ Ic 1½
Δ Ib

Formula for output resistance r0 = in ohms.

(c) Use of NAND gate to make OR gate.

1½

Logic Circuit Diagram : Truth Table :

16
25. Trace of path of ray of light in minimum deviation condition :

Using the Prism equation A + δ = i + e and r1 + r2 = A

For minimum deviation condition, A = 2r and i = e = i (say) 1

A +d m
We get i = while r = A / 2
2

Therefore using Snell’s law ,, μ=

sin i
=
sin ( A+ δ m
2 ) Hence proved.
sin r
sin
A
2 ( ) 2

Numerical :

Using the formula for small deviations: δ = ( n – 1 ) A = ( 2/√3 – 1 ) 600

δ = 25.40

½
OR

The path difference between two secondary wavelets is given by nλ = asinθ. Since, θ is very
small sinθ = θ. So, for the first order diffraction n = 1, the angle is λ/a. Now we know that θ ½
must be very small θ = 0 (nearly) because of which the diffraction pattern is minimum.
--------------------------------------1/2
Now for interference case, for two interfering waves of intensity I1 and I2 we must have two ½
slits separated by a distance. We have the resultant intensity,
I=√I1+I2+2I1I2cosθ ------------------------------------1/2
Since, θ = 0 (nearly) corresponding to angle λ/a so cosθ = 1 (nearly) ----------------1/2
So

I=√I1+I2+2I1I2
½
We see the resultant intensity is sum of the two intensities, so there is a maxima corresponding
to the angle λ/a. ---------------------------------------1/2

This is why, at the same angle of λ/a , we get a maximum for two narrow slits separated by a
distance "a".

(b) (i) The condition for the sustained interference is that both the sources must be coherent
(i.e. they must have the same wavelength and the same frequency, and they must have the

17
same phase or constant phase difference).
1
Two sources are monochromatic if they have the same frequency and wavelength. Since they
are independent, i.e. they have different phases with irregular difference, they are not coherent
sources. ----------------------------------------------------------1

(ii)

Let the displacement of the waves from the sources S1 and S2 at point P on the screen at
any time t be given by:

y1 = a cos ωt

and

y2 = a cos (ωt + Φ)

where, Φ is the constant phase difference between the two waves

By the superposition principle, the resultant displacement at point P is given by:

y = y1 + y2

y = a cos ωt + a cos (ωt + Φ)

=2 a[cos (ωt+ωt+ϕ2) cos (ωt−ωt−ϕ2)]

y = 2 acos (ωt+ϕ2) cos(ϕ2) ...(i) -------------------------------1 1

Let 2 a cos (ϕ2) = A ...(ii)

Then, equation (i) becomes:

y = A cos (ωt+ϕ2)

Now, we have:
A2 = 4 a2 cos2 (ϕ2) ...(iii) --------------------------1/2

The intensity of light is directly proportional to the square of the amplitude of the
wave. The intensity of light at point P on the screen is given by:

I = 4 a2 cos2 (ϕ2) ...(iv) ------------------------1/2

18
26. 1 1
(a) The expression for oscillation frequency is f=
2 π √ LC
(b) The energy in LC circuit oscillates between inductor ‘L’ and capacitor ‘C’ simple harmonically as shown in
the figure below.

The average power in LCR is given as P = VrmsIrms cos ϕ 2

During the resonance condition, the power factor cos ϕ = 1 (max)

Hence the power becomes P = VrmsIrms which is also the power dissipated across pure resistor.

OR

Lenz law: According to Lenz's law, the polarity of the induced emf is such that it opposes a
change in magnetic flux responsible for its production.
Activity:
2

When the north pole of a bar magnet is pushed towards the coil, the amount of magnetic flux
19
linked with the coil increases. Current is induced in the coil in from a direction such that it
opposes the increase in magnetic flux. This is possible only when the current induced in the
coil is in anti-clockwise direction, with respect to an observer. The magnetic moment →M
associated with this induced emf has north polarity, towards the north pole of the approaching
bar magnet. --------------------------------------------1
Similarly, when the north pole of the bar magnet is moved away from the coil, the magnetic
flux linked with the coil decreases. To counter this decrease in magnetic flux, current is
induced in the coil in clockwise direction so that its south pole faces the receding north pole of
the bar magnet. This would result in an attractive force which opposes the motion of the
magnet and the corresponding decrease in magnetic flux.------------------------------------1

(b) (i) Since ϕ = L I

where, I = Strength of current through the coil at any time
ϕ = Amount of magnetic flux linked with all turns of the coil at that time
and, L = Constant of proportionality called coefficient of self induction

---------------------------------------1
(ii) Induced emf,
e=−dϕdt= −ddt(LI)i.e., e = −LdIdt

----------------------------------1
[The graph is drawn considering only magnitude of e]

(iii) Since magnetic potential energy is given by U =12LI2 ,

20
 --------------------------------------1

21