1

Small letters
CHAPTER I
Bold 2.0
INTRODUCTION
3.0

Background of the Study

2.0
An emergency is an unpredictable event that can happen anytime,

anywhere. Therefore, it requires an immediate response. However, many

emergency events may be difficult to prevent, so it is important to be always ready.

According to FEMA or Federal Emergency Management Agency (2017),

unpredictable events are becoming more common nowadays; everyone needs an

emergency plan that addresses their household needs. Good plans outline how to

prepare beforehand, stay safe during an event, and the first steps to take to begin

recovery. Planning with neighbors and the community can also help prevent

property damage and save lives.

Household preparedness can mitigate the adverse effects of emergency

events and plays a vital role in individual and community efforts. Before the official

responders, the community and household act as the first responder, and it is

important to be aware of their needs, responsibilities, and capabilities to reduce

damages. In addition, since not all sudden events are big enough to get attention

from the national government, even small events can have dramatic effects that

households must deal with in their own ways (Chen et al., 2019).

The Philippines stands as one of the most disaster-prone areas in the world.

According to the World Risk Report of 2018, the Philippines is the third most

vulnerable country to disasters. The country lies in the Pacific Ring of Fire, where

80% of earthquakes occur, and around 20 to 25 typhoons ravage the country every
 2

year, leading to the loss of lives and millions of damages to infrastructure and

livelihood. In addition, these disasters and emergency events strain government

funds.

In developing countries like the Philippines, community preparedness has

been given attention in recent research, but little is known about household

preparedness in response to emergencies. However, to ensure family safety and

protect lives and properties, the households can prepare preventative measures

before, during, and after an emergency. Thus, it contributes to the response and

recovery of individuals (Nojang, 2020).

Sta. Monica is an urban barangay where government offices, parks, sports

complexes, schools, and universities can be located.

Hence, the researchers would like to assess the household emergency

preparedness of the residents at Barangay Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City.

3.0
Statement of the Problem
2.0
This study aims to assess household emergency preparedness in Barangay

Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City.

Specifically, the researchers sought to answer the following questions:

1. What is the level of household emergency preparedness as assessed by two

groups of respondents in Barangay Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City in terms of:

a. basic emergency kit;

Bullet-Small
letter
b. emergency plan; and

c. insurance plan?
 3

2. What are the trainings attended by the respondents related to emergency

preparedness as assessed by the Barangay Officials and the Households in

Barangay Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City?

3.0
Significance of the Study
2.0
The result of this study would benefit the following group of people;

To the community, this study will be used to provide information,

awareness, and preparedness in every household during an emergency.

To the Barangay Officials, this study would provide information to assess

the current level of emergency preparedness in every household in their area.

To the City Disaster Risk Reduction Management Committee (CDRRMC),

this study would provide information to create programs and organize and conduct

training and orientation on disaster risk reduction and management.

To the College of Criminal Justice Education (CCJE), this study would serve

as a tie between the barangay Sta. Monica to do collaborative extension service that

would benefit both the involved parties.

To the future researchers, this study will serve as their future reference or

source in conducting their study related to household emergency preparedness.

3.0
Scope and Limitation of the Study
2.0
This study was conducted in Barangay Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City

from November 2021 to May 2022. The 100 households and 11 barangay officials

of Barangay Sta. Monica served as the respondent of the study.

Furthermore, the research was limited to household emergency

preparedness in Barangay Sta Monica in terms of basic emergency kit, emergency

 4

plan, insurance plan, and training attended by the respondents in Barangay Sta.

Monica.
 5

CHAPTER II
Same as above
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter includes references from websites that suggest ideas or related

studies about household emergency preparedness.

3.0
Foreign Literature
2.0
Rogers developed the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) in 1975, and has

been widely used as a framework to predict protective behaviors. This theory deals

with how people cope with and make decisions in times of harmful or stressful

events in life to protect themselves from perceived threats. Therefore, the theory

says that for an individual to adopt a health behavior, they need to believe that a

severe threat is likely to occur and that by adopting a health behavior, they can

effectively reduce the threat. PMT describes how individuals are motivated to react

self-protective towards a perceived threat. Thus, it relates to household emergency

preparedness, which addresses the threat and the individual's ability to deal with

it. Taking protective measures and knowing what to do before, during, and after

an unpredictable event may lessen its adverse effects (Westcott et al., 2017).

According to Chen et al. (2019), a higher level of preparedness was found in

the respondents who had attained higher education, participated in emergency

training activities, and had better emergency knowledge. In addition, they reported

less fate- submissiveness and more self-reliance, prior exposure to emergency

events, and held more positive attitudes towards preparedness. The household

emergency preparedness was measured with 14 indicators, tapping into the supply
 6

of nine emergency necessities, knowledge of the local emergency response system,

and availability of a household evacuation plan.

According to Murti et al. (2014), households had similar demographics and

medical conditions between housing types. In addition, it was statistically

significant for single-detached homes to have a generator, backup heat source, a

way to cook without utilities, a carbon monoxide (CO) detector, copies of

important documents, evacuation routes, and having a three-day supply of water.

The household's income level remained statically significant except for owning a

carbon monoxide CO detector.

In a study by Baos (2015), results revealed that having an increased sense

of preparedness and willingness to search for related information were positively

correlated with actual household preparedness and also found to be the most

predictive variables of household preparedness.

According to Chan et al. (2019), understanding of household emergency

preparedness capacity in Health-Emergency and Disaster Risk Management

(Health-EDRM) for at-risk urban communities is limited. The respondents who

perceived a higher risk at home during typhoons and had practiced routine

emergency preparedness measures were more likely to undertake TSPM. The

urban residents' health-EDRM strategies will be needed to cope with increasing

climate change-related extreme events.

According to the reported findings from a study conducted by Brown et al.

(2011) by the Rapid Assessment of Populations Impacted by Disasters (RAPID)

team of the Tennessee Department of Health (TDH), the team used Community

Assessment for Public Health Emergency Response (CASPER) two-stage cluster

 7

sampling methodology to measure household preparedness for disasters or

emergencies in two metropolitan countries in Tennessee. In the two countries, the

majority of the respondents' households reported being "well-prepared" and to

handle disasters or emergencies, reported being "somewhat prepared.” As a result,

RAPID teams improved their methods, streamlined processes, and created a better

community assessment toolkit.

3.0
Local Literature
2.0
According to Asio (2020), there was a significant difference in the disaster

knowledge respondents when grouped according to the community. And also,

there exists a relationship between the community of the respondents and their

disaster knowledge; furthermore, a moderate and direct relationship also exists

between disaster knowledge and household preparation. This study result revealed

that the respondents were knowledgeable about disasters and that the household

was prepared during a disaster.

The study on "Disaster Preparedness of National High School: An

Assessment" was conducted by Tan (2019). Based on the study's findings, the

safety facilities in schools are not sufficient and complete. Most schools do not have

fire hydrants, fire hoses, smoke alarms, and emergency vehicles. The earthquake

drill is the leading executed disaster program, while the fire drill is the least

performed disaster preparedness program by the school and the local government.

Thus, it makes the school unsafe for all learners and teachers. Executing

preparedness is considered an activity developed by concerned stakeholders to

preempt or respond to and immediately recover from an emergent calamity and

 8

hazards. These disaster preparedness practices are being exercised regularly and

equally because both disasters are life and property damage.

According to Soriano (2019), the study revealed that the local people in the

selected community have good knowledge of disaster preparedness and readiness,

adaptation, awareness, and adequate knowledge of disaster-related knowledge and

risk perception. Further, age, sex, civil status, and education did not predict the

level of disaster risk reduction knowledge. Therefore, the Disaster Risk Reduction

Knowledge questionnaire assessed the disaster risk reduction knowledge.

According to Dariagan et al. (2021), the respondents were partially prepared

regardless of profile, but the coastal, middle-earning, most populated, having the

least number of villages, and middle-sized had higher levels of preparedness.

Those highly vulnerable to earthquake and forest fire were prepared, yet only

partially prepared to flood, storm surge, drought, tropical cyclone, tornado,

tsunami, and landslide. The diverse attitude of stakeholders, an insufficient

workforce, and poor database management were the major problems encountered

in executing countermeasures.

Maminta's (2019) study investigated the awareness of disaster

preparedness levels of Mimbalot, Buru-un, and Iligan City residents. Results

revealed that respondents are vulnerable to trees' presence, and more than half

don't have emergency exits, kits, or hotlines. Respondents were given brochures

and leaflets to be oriented and educated on the importance of being prepared

during emergencies and involving them in earthquake and fire drills and meetings

on disaster risk management in the school.

3.0
 9

Conceptual Framework
2.0
This study was conducted to determine household emergency preparedness

in Barangay Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City.

As shown in the conceptual framework, there is a problem that the

researchers wanted to answer. Therefore, this study focused on household

emergency preparedness in Barangay Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan.

The following key terms were described in the household emergency

preparedness.

According to Philippine Red Cross, a Basic emergency kit is a collection of

essential items that will equip the household during an emergency and last for at

least 72 hours. It includes food and water, whistles, matches, flashlights, a hygiene

kit, a first-aid kit, radio, blankets and mats, important documents, and other

emergency supplies.

An emergency plan is a step-by-step guide that can be followed for handling

sudden or unexpected situations.

An insurance plan provides a financial safety net that helps repair work and

rebuilding costs.

Training attended is an event or seminar conducted and performed training

that can be used during an emergency. Explain the concept of the study first, then
the connection of the variable in the
Figure 1 shows the study's input, paradigm.

process, and output diagram, wherein the

input consists of the household emergency preparedness in barangay Sta. Monica,

Puerto Princesa City, and the level of household emergency preparedness in

Barangay Sta. Monica, in terms of basic emergency kit, emergency plan, and
 10

insurance plan. It also includes the training attended by the household related to

emergency preparedness as assessed by the two groups of respondents in Barangay

Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City. The process involves the survey questionnaire,

data tabulation, and statistical analysis using frequency count, weighted mean,

and percentages. Finally, the output consists of assessment results on household

emergency preparedness.

Nota bene: If there is still room for

the paradigm, it can be placed
here. If not, create a separate
page.
 11

Conceptual Paradigm
2.0

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Questionnaire
containing indicators • Survey
on the : Questionnaire

1. Level of households
emergency • Tabulation of
Data Assessment result
preparedness as
on Household
assessed by two
• Statistical Emergency
groups of respondents
Analysis Preparedness
in Barangay Sta.
Monica, Puerto using
Princesa City in terms frequency
of: count,
a. Basic Emergency weighted
Kit; mean, and
b. Emergency plan; percentages
c. Insurance Plan

2. Trainings attended
by the household
related to emergency
preparedness as
assessed by two
groups of respondents
in Barangay Sta.
Monica, Puerto
Princesa City

Single space/no spacing

Figure 1. The Research Paradigm of the Study
Bold figure 1 followed by a period (.)
Aligned to the left.
The titles are neither bold nor italicized.
Follow the rules for title capitalization.
 12

Definition of Terms

The following terms were operationally and conceptually defined to provide

a clear understanding of this study,

Basic emergency kit. It refers to the essential items for the survival of the

household during an emergency. Terminologies

are indented,
Emergency. It refers to a serious or unexpected happening that and
bolded, requires
separated by a
an immediate response. period (.).

Emergency plan. It refers to the resources of the household

Thefor handling
items must
be arranged
a sudden event. alphabetically.

It must
Household. It refers to the persons who dwell under the same begin
roof and
with the word to
compose a family.
which it refers or
refers to
whichever is
Insurance plan. It refers to preparing or securing your applicable.
family and the

properties when an emergency happens.

Preparedness. It refers to the ability of the respondents to survive an

emergency.

Training attended. It refers to the activities or events conducted and

performed by the respondents that can be used during emergencies.

 13

CHAPTER III
2.0
METHODOLOGY
2.0
This chapter discusses the research locale, the research design, the study's

respondents, instrumentation, data collection procedure, and data analysis

procedure.

3.0
Research Locale
2.0
This study was conducted at Barangay Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City,

with the active participation of the respondents from the residents of said

Barangay. As determined by the 2020 census, its population was 21,174. This

represented 6.90% of the total population of Puerto Princesa. Barangay Sta.

Monica is an urban barangay in Puerto Princesa, where government offices, parks,

sports complex, schools, and universities can be located.

The locale can be accessed through public transportation like bicycles,

motorcycles, tricycles, and multi-cab. Barangay hall is about 1.5 kilometers from

the Western Philippines Univesity-PPC Campus, where the researchers are

enrolled. Also, there are tourist spots that can be found in the said barangay, such

as Balayong People’s Park, Baker’s Hill, Mitra Ranch, and Butterfly Garden.
 14

Do not put a legend if there is only

1 marking. Just include this in the
title –“marked with star or
whatever symbol that you used. ”

Figure 2. Map of Puerto Princesa City that shows the locale of the study marked
with a star.

Figure 2- hanging indented

 15

Research Method
2.0
The researchers used a quantitative-descriptive research design wherein

they employed the survey method. The descriptive research was used to describe

the households' emergency preparedness and the training attended by the

identified respondents in Barangay Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City. According

to Shuttleworth (2008), the descriptive research design is a scientific method

involving observing and describing a subject's behavior without influencing it.

3.0
Respondents
2.0
The study respondents were the selected 100 households and 11 barangay

officials of Barangay Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City, in which the head of the

family or any legal age in their homes.

3.0
Population and Sample
2.0
To get a reliable sample that aids the validity of the result of the study, the

researchers used quota sampling procedures of the chosen barangay to determine

the 100 sample size of the population of households and the total enumeration of

11 Barangay Officials of Barangay Sta. Monica.

3.0
Research Instrument
2.0
This study used a self-formulated survey questionnaire from the different

literature related to household emergency preparedness. It was administered to

the household and barangay officials to gather the needed information on the

household emergency preparedness in Barangay Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa

City.
 16

The survey questionnaire consisted of two (2) parts. Part I focused on the

level of household emergency preparedness in Barangay Sta. Monica in terms of

basic emergency kit, emergency plan, and insurance plan. Part II dealt with the

training attended by the respondents related to emergency preparedness.

The instrument was presented to the panelists' members together with the

adviser to establish the content validity of the questionnaire.

3.0
Data Collection Procedure
2.0
The researchers followed systematic and orderly procedures in gathering

data to produce a good result based on the survey to attain the research objectives.

Before conducting this study, the researchers asked permission from the Dean of

the College of Criminal Justice Education through a communication letter duly

noted by the research adviser. In addition, another request letter was sent to the

Barangay Captain of Sta. Monica to seek permission to conduct the study with the

identified respondents.

Upon approval, the researchers administered the questionnaires to the

selected households at their available time by following the health protocol set by

the Inter-Agency Task Force (IATF) to manage emerging infectious diseases.

During administering the questionnaires, the researchers explained the

instructions and purpose of the study and how the respondents could help by

answering the indicator questions. Likewise, the researchers asked about the

voluntary involvement of the respondents and did not compel them to answer the

questionnaire or prevent them from withdrawing their responses if they wished to

do so. Further, the identity of the participants in the study was kept confidential.
 17

Lastly, the researchers informed the respondents that the results of the

study would be disseminated to the college dean's office and Barangay Sta. Monica,

after finalizing the study.

3.0
Methods of Data Analysis
2.0
All the pertinent data gathered after the conduct of this study were analyzed

using weighted mean, frequency counts, and percentages.

Weighted mean was used to determine the level of household emergency

preparedness in basic emergency kits and emergency plans.

𝑓
𝑊𝑀 = Σ
𝑁
Wherein:
WM = weighted mean
Σ = summation sign
f= frequency
N= Number of respondents
Frequency counts and percentages were used to sum up the

households' emergency insurance plans and training results.

𝑓
𝑃= 𝑥 100
𝑁
Wherein:
P - Percentage
F - Frequency
N - Number of respondents
100 - Constant
The Likert Scale was used to determine the level of household emergency

preparedness in terms of basic emergency kits and emergency plans as assessed by

the barangay officials and selected households in Barangay Sta. Monica. The
 18

following four-point Likert Scale with a corresponding set of descriptive

interpretations was used as follows:

Rating Interval Descriptive Interpretation

4 3.26-4.00 Very Prepared (VP)

3 2.51-3.25 Prepared (P)

2 1.76-2.50 Less Prepared (LP)

1 1.00-1.75 Not Prepared (NP)

 19

CHAPTER IV
2.0
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
2.0
This chapter presents the findings, analysis, and interpretation of data

regarding the Household Emergency Preparedness of Barangay Sta. Monica,

Puerto Princesa City.

2.0
Assessment of the Level of Household Emergency Preparedness in
terms of Basic Emergency Kits
The titles are single spaced.
Table 1a presents the respondents’ assessment of the level of household

emergency preparedness in terms of basic emergency kits. The Barangay Officials

rated Very Prepared on having stock files of food for at least three days at all times,

such as drinking water (3.82), non-perishable foods (3.45), and rice (3.36). At the

same time, the households are also Very Prepared to have stock files of food for at

least three days at all times, such as drinking water (3.87), rice (3.77), and non-

perishable foods (3.42). Therefore, it implies that the respondents were very

prepared in stock files of food for at least three days, consisting of drinking water,

rice, and non-perishable. It is because foods are the common and most important

needs a person must have in their daily lives, especially the drinking water and rice,

to regain energy. Therefore, in an emergency, they should have a stock of food and

be prepared.

The barangay officials rated very prepared for having emergency kits

wrapped in plastic ready at all times, such as personal hygiene kits and medicines

(3.91) and basic household items for survival (3.64). However, the barangay

officials are not prepared to have extra basic bedding to use in an emergency (1.73).

On the other hand, the households rated very prepared for having basic clothing
 20

such as underwear (3.83), slippers and personal hygiene kits (3.76), and extra

dress (3.73). While the households are less prepared to have food for babies (2.27),

basic bedding (2.15), and food intended for the sick members (2.13). It implies that

the majority of the barangay officials and households are very prepared in terms of

basic emergency kits. An emergency kit is the first thing needed to give first aid

during an emergency.

The results show that the barangay officials rated Very Prepared on having

emergency equipment ready to be used at all times, such as cell phone (3.64),

flashlight (3.45), matches/lighter, and power bank (3.27), and Less Prepared of

having dust mask (2.45). On the other hand, the households rated Very Prepared

for having emergency equipment such as a cellphone (3.92), matches/lighter

(3.78), flashlight (3.45), and Less Prepared for having a whistle (1.78). It implies

that the respondents are very prepared for emergency equipment such as

cellphones, flashlights, matches/lighter and power banks. It is because almost

everyone in the community is using cell phones to communicate with their

relatives in other places, get information from social media, and, in case of an

emergency, they can use a cellphone to ask for help. They also always had extra

matches/lighter to use for lightning when they cook and flashlight in case of brown

out. On the other hand, respondents were less prepared in terms of dusk mask and

whistle because they are not always using them and these things for them are not

so important, maybe because they are not aware that dust mask and whistle are

also important in case of an emergency.

The results show that the barangay officials rated Very Prepared on having

first aid kits such as scissors (3.64), tweezers (3.45), safety pins (3.36), antibiotic
 21

cream, and having surgical gloves (3.27), while the households rated Very

Prepared on having first aid kits such as scissors (3.78), safety pins (3.32) and

rated Less Prepared of having adhesive tape (2.62), sterile gauze pads (2.50),

resealable bag (2.45), medicine for allergic reaction (2.27), antibiotic cream (2.14),

and surgical gloves (2.01). Therefore, it implies that the respondents were very

prepared in terms of first aid kits available at all times. It is because a first aid kit

is essential in case of emergency, and households must have a first aid kit so that

they can help to reduce injuries that happened to one of their family members. It

is also the first thing brought about by the responder.

In terms of having water in a container to use in case of fire at home, both

the barangay officials (3.64) and the households (3.31) rated Very Prepared.

Therefore, it implies that the respondents are prepared if a fire happens in their

homes.

In terms of having family savings or emergency funds, the barangay officials

(3.09) and the households (2.91) are rated Prepared.

Lastly, the overall mean shows that the respondents were Prepared with

basic emergency kits as rated by the barangay officials (3.22) and the households

(2.98). Therefore, it implies that the respondents in Barangay Sta. Monica was

prepared for basic emergency kits that they can use during emergencies. According

to the Department of Fire and Emergency Services (n.d.), having an emergency kit

is important in preparing and protecting households from unforeseen events.

 22

Table 1a. Respondent’s Assessment on the Level of Household Emergency

Preparedness in terms of Basic Emergency Kit
Barangay
Officials Household
Table 1a is
Basic Emergency Kit N= 11 n= 100
hanging
Statement WM DI WM DI
indented
1. We stock files of food for at least three days at all times:
3.82 VP 3.87
followedVPby a
a. Drinking water
b. Rice 3.36 dot (.) VP
VP 3.77 with
Stick to the table format (refer to the
c. Non-Perishable such as dried fish/ sardines/ noodles/ canned Justify
sample) 3.45 VP 3.42 VP
goods alignment.
d. Milk for children and senior citizens 3.18 P 2.91 P
The outer
2. We have an emergency kitborder
wrappedmeasures 2 ready
in plastic 1/4 at all times
There should
consisting of: inches wide.
3.27 VP 2.4 LP
be no spacing
a. Supplies specific for seniors or people with special needs such as
allergies, asthma,The
etc.Inner Border is 1 inch wide. between the
b. Personal hygiene kit such as sanitary pads, bath soap, toothpaste, table and
3.91 VP 3.76 VP its
deodorant, alcohol, etc.
title.
c. Medicines for an emergency can be used for cough, fever, and
3.91 VP 3.48 VP
colds, such as paracetamol, biogesic, or analgesic.
d. Basic household items for survival/security such as a screwdriver,
3.64 VP 3.68 VP
rope knife, or anything that can use for cutting.
e. Basic clothing
3.45 VP 3.76 VP
e.1 Slipper
e.2 Extra dress (ekstrang damit) 3.36 VP 3.73 VP
e.3 Underwear panty and brief 3.18 P 3.83 VP
e.4 Hard hat o Helmet 2.91 P 3.02 P
e.5 Raincoat (kapote) 3.09 P 2.8 P
e.6 Malong 2.55 P 3.17 P
e.7 Boots (bota) 2.91 P 2.15 LP
f. Food for babies such as milk, cereals, etc.
3.18 P 2.27 LP
Please check this area if non-applicable ______.
g. Food intended for the sick members.
3.00 P 2.13 LP
h. Basic Bedding 1.73 NP 2.15 LP
3. We have emergency equipment ready to be used at all times it
consists of: 3.64 VP 3.92 VP
a. Cellphone
b. Matches/Lighter 3.27 VP 3.78 VP
c. Flashlight 3.45 VP 3.4 VP
d. Candle 3.18 P 3.3 VP
e. Power bank or Battery 3.27 VP 3.12 P
f. Portable Radio 3.09 P 2.74 P
g. Dust mask 2.45 LP 3.28 VP
h. Whistle 3.09 P 1.78 LP
4. We have a first aid kit ready at all times consisting of:
3.64 VP 3.78 VP
a. Scissors
b. Safety pins (large and small) - for splinter
3.36 VP 3.32 VP
and for securing triangular bandage sling
c. Tweezers - for splinter or stinger or tick removal 3.45 VP 3.18 P
d. Adhesive bandages (all sizes) 3.18 P 2.98 P
e. Anesthetic spray (Bactine) or lotion (Calamine,Camphor-
3.09 P 2.73 P
Phenique) - for itching rashes and insect Bites

The table's font size must be a

MINIMUM of 10.

The table's font size must be a

 23

Table 1a continued …
f. 2", 3", and 4" Ace bandages - for wrapping
Even after
sprained or strained joints, reducinggauze
for wrapping the font size 3.09 P 2.58 P
on to wounds, for wrapping
to 10, on
thesplints
table will not fit on one
g. Resealable bag - as apage;
container
then forcutting is allowed. 3.18 P 2.45 LP
contaminated articles can become an ice pack
h. 4" x 4" sterile gauze Nonetheless, the presentation
pads - for covering and cleaning wounds, or
format for tables with 3.09 P 2.5 LP
as a soft eye patch
i. Adhesive tape continuation must be followed. 2.91 P 2.62 P
j. Medicine for allergic reaction
Write the table's title number, 3.18 P 2.27 LP
k. Antibiotic cream - to apply to simple
then the word continued, 3.27 VP 2.14 LP
wounds
followedprotection,
l. Surgical gloves - for infection by three dots.
and Not bold,
can be made into ice packs if filled with
but italicized withwater
12 font size. 3.27 VP 2.01 LP
and frozen
m. Triangular bandage Observe
- as a sling,
thistowel.
sample. 3.09 P 1.83 LP
5. We have water in the container at all times for use in case of fire 3.64 VP 3.31 VP
6. Our family has an emergency fund/savings. 3.09 P 2.91 P
Overall Mean 3.22 P 2.98 P
Legend:
Interval Descriptive Interpretation Size- 9
3.26-4.00 Very Prepared (VP) Italicized
2.51-3.25 Prepared (P)
1.76-2.50 Less Prepared (LP)
1.00-1.75 Not Prepared (NP)

3.0
Assessment of the Level of Household Emergency Preparedness in
terms of Emergency Plan
2.0
Table 1b presents the respondents’ assessment of the level of household

emergency preparedness in terms of the emergency plan. The Barangay Officials

rated Very Prepared in the following statements as having pickable plastic or

container containing important documents such as birth, marriage, death

certificate, land title, ATM card, passbook, id, passport, and other important cards,

having proper waste disposal segregation, and having a list of emergency phone

numbers in the house or save in the phone (3.45). In contrast, the indicator rated

as Less Prepared by the barangay official was having a smoke detector at home

(2.00); this is because the majority of the house type of the respondents are

Bungalow or not concrete, so the smoke detector cannot be installed. On the other

hand, the household mentioned that they are only Very Prepared to have a
 24

pickable plastic or container containing important documents (3.78); and rated

Prepared on the statement of having proper waste disposal segregation at home

(3.17). However, the majority of the households rated Not Prepared in terms of

having fire extinguisher (1.68), established warning signals (1.56), fire alarm and

sprinkler (1.42), and installed fire safety features such as smoke detector (1.29). In

addition, the result shows that the households rated Less Prepared in terms of

having an individual assigned task and responsibilities to ensure family and

survival during emergencies (2.48); having two or three years of checking for

electrical wiring to make sure no damage occurred (2.47); having a list of

emergency contact numbers in the home or save in the phone (2.35); having

installed emergency lighting facility (2.24), evacuation plan (2.04), and a

designated place for evacuating animals (1.83).

In the overall mean, the emergency plan was rated Prepared as assessed by

the barangay officials (3.06) and rated Less Prepared by the household (2.21). It

implies that the Barangay officials are more prepared for emergency planning in

their homes than the households. This is because the Barangay Officials are

knowledgeable and on the frontline and have more emergency and disaster

planning training than the community.

Cong et al. (2021) found that discussing with family members increased the

helpfulness of the plan; encouraging family involvement when making household

emergency plans is really important, especially in places that are less prepared for

disasters than those that are better prepared. Also, the plan's quality and

discussions with family members increased plan effectiveness among older adults,

but not younger adults.

 25

CHAPTER V
2.0
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
2.0
This chapter presents the summary of the study, the conclusions, and

recommendations based on the findings.

3.0
Summary
2.0
The study was conducted to determine household emergency preparedness

in Barangay Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City as perceived by the respondents.

This study answered the following questions: the level of households’ emergency

preparedness as assessed by the two groups of respondents in Barangay Sta.

Monica, Puerto Princesa City, in terms of basic emergency kit, emergency plan,

insurance plan, and the training attended by the household related to emergency

preparedness.

The quantitative descriptive-survey research was used to gather

information about the study. The total enumeration was utilized to get the 11

Barangay Officials as respondents and quota sampling per purok to get the 100

households. The survey questionnaire was used as an instrument to gather all data

for this study. Weighted mean, frequency count, and percentage were also applied

in the data analysis.

The overall mean result of this study revealed that the Barangay officials

(3.22) and Households (2.98) rated “Prepared” in terms of a basic emergency kit.

In terms of Emergency plans, the Barangay officials are rated Prepared with an

overall mean of 3.06, while the Households are rated Less Prepared with an overall

mean of 2.21. It also revealed that almost all Barangay officials 9(81.82%), and the
 26

majority of the Households, 86(86%), are members of Philippine Health

Insurance.

Further, the result revealed that the Barangay Officials attended training

such as emergency survival kits (81.82%), fire drills (72.73%), earthquake drills

(63.64%), and training on warning signals (63.64%). On the other hand, the

households showed that they attended training on periodic drills for earthquakes

(62%), fire drills (59%), and emergency survival kits (30%). In addition, only a few

of the respondents had training in first aid and training on handling children, the

elderly, a person with a disability, and pregnant women during an emergency.

3.0
Conclusion
2.0
Based on the findings of this study, the following conclusions were drawn;

1. Emergency can happen anytime and You can either perform the ff:

beyond our expectations. However, being 1. Do not simply restate the

findings; instead, draw
prepared in an emergency can save lives, conclusions based on the
findings.
decrease damage to properties, and
OR
provide peace of mind to everyone. The 2. Listed in accordance with
SOP
present research assessed the emergency
Consult with your adviser for
preparedness of the Barangay Officials guidance.

and Households, and the results revealed

that the respondents are prepared in terms of the Basic Emergency Kit.

However, the results also showed that the Barangay Officials are more

prepared than the households in terms of emergency planning at home;

this issue should be addressed to lessen the burden of the barangay

 27

officials in case the emergency comes. In addition, it is good to know that

majority of the respondents have healthcare insurance, especially the

PhilHealth insurance, to use in case of emergency.

2. Despite the result revealing that the respondents attended the different

training related to emergency preparedness, only a few are having training or

attended on first aid and proper training on handling children, the elderly, or

person with a disability that should also be addressed as they are knowledgeable

during and after the emergency.

3.0
Recommendations
2.0
In bullet (numbered)
Based on the findings and conclusion, the

following recommendations were presented:

1. The Barangay officials should conduct training related to emergency

preparedness for the households as they know how to use basic emergency

kits, apply first aid during emergencies, and adequately handle a vulnerable

person.

2. The barangay should also post posters, tarpaulins, and other materials to

the public that contain different emergency hotlines in public places such as

public markets, schools, crowded places, or even on social media to call the

proper authority in case of an emergency.

3. The barangay should encourage the households to participate in household

emergency preparedness training conducted by the Barangay Personnel,

CDRRM, and other government agencies.

 28

4. The barangay should discuss to the residents the importance of having

warning signals in their homes and property insurance that they can use in

an emergency.

5. The City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council should strictly

implement barangay officials' training in emergency preparedness.

6. The barangay officials should provide basic emergency kits to every

household.

7. Related studies will be conducted regarding the household emergency

preparedness for the other barangay to confirm the results.

 This section is titled BIBLIOGRAPHY
and must adhere to the 7th29 edition
of the APA style manual.
BIBLIOGRAPHY In alphabetical order.
2.0
Asio, J.M.R. (2020). Disaster knowledge and household preparations of selected
communities in Central Luzon, Philippines: Basis for enhanced
community disaster education program. International Journal of
Humanities, Management and Social Science, 3(2), 44-51.
https://doi.org/10.36079/lamintang.ij-hum

Bodas, M., Siman-Tov, M., Kreitler, S., & Peleg, K. (2015). Assessment of
emergency preparedness of households in Israel for war--current status.
PubMed. DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2015.56

Brown, K.C., Horner, N., Fankhauser, M., Roth, J. Jr., & Victoroff, T. (2012).
Assessment of household preparedness through training exercises — two
Metropolitan counties, Tennessee, 2011. CDC Home.
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6136a2.htm

Chan, E.Y.Y., Man, A.Y.T., Lam, H.C.Y., Chan, G.K.W., Hall,B.J., & Hung, K.K.C.
(2019). Is urban household emergency preparedness associated with
short-term impact reduction after a super typhoon in subtropical city?
International Journal of Environmenal Research and Public
Health 2019, 16(4), 596. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16040596

Chen, C.Y., Xu, W., Dai Y., Xu, W., Liu, C., Wu, Q., Gao , L., Kang Z., Hao, Y., &
Ning, N. (2019). Household preparedness for emergency events: a
crosssectional survey on residents in four regions of China. PubMed.
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032462

Cong, Z., Liang, D., & Luo, J. (2020). Which household emergency plans are
more helpful in tornadoes? Through the lens of gerontology. Disaster
Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, 1-8. Doi:10.1017/dmp.2020.194

Cong, Z., Liang, D., & Luo, J. (2021). Effectiveness of household

emergency plans in violent tornadoes. Disaster Medicine and Public Health
Preparedness, 15(6),677-678. Doi:10.1017/dmp.2020.129

Dariagan, J.D., Atando, R.B., & Asis, J.L.B. (2021). Disaster preparedness of local
governments in Panay Island, Philippines. Natural Hazards, 105(5):1-22.
DOI:10.1007/s11069-020-04383-0

Maminta, L.G. (2019). Level of awareness on disaster preparedness. Journal of

Physics: Conference Series, Volume 1254, Number 1.
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-
6596/1254/1/012015/meta

Murti, M., Bayleyegn, T., Stanbury, M., Bies, S., Flanders, W.D., Yard, E.,
 30

Nyaku, M.,Schnall, A., & Wolkin, A. (2014). Household emergency

preparedness by housing type from a Community Assessment for Public
Health Emergency Response (CASPER), Michigan. Disaster Med Public
Health Prep 2014 Feb;8(1):12-9. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2013.111

Nojang, E.N., & Jansen, J. (2020). Conceptualizing individual and household

disaster preparedness: The perspective from Cameroon. Int J
Disaster Risk Sci (2020) 11:333–346. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13753-
020-00258-x

Obermann, K., Jowett, M., & Kwon, S. (2018). The role of national health
insurance for achieving UHC in the Philippines: a mixed methods
analysis, Global Health Action, 11:1,
DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2018.1483638

Soriano, G.P. (2019). Disaster risk reduction knowledge among local people in a
selected community in the Philippines. Journal of Health and Caring
Sciences 1(2). DOI:10.37719/jhcs.2019.v1i2.oa007

Shuttleworth, M. (2008). Descriptive research design.

https://explorable.com/descriptive-research-design

Tan, M.J. (2019). Disaster preparedness of national high schools: An

assessment panel of evaluators approved by the committee on oral
examination with a grade of passed. [Thesis for: Master of Arts, The
Graduate School Faculty University of the Visayas Cebu City]. Research
Gate. DOI:10.6084/m9.figshare.12084762
 31

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APPENDICES
 Left alignment 32

In Bold
APPENDIX A. Letter to the College Dean
Republic of the Philippines The word APPENDIX A must be
written
Western Philippines University A STRONG PARTNER FOR in capital DEVELOPMENT
SUSTAINABLE letters and
followed by a DOT (.).
College of Criminal Justice Education
Title is written in small letters.
January 21, 2022

MR. MAPHILINDO D. LAO

Dean, CCJE
This University

Dear Sir:

The undersigned are graduating students of the Western Philippine University Puerto
Princesa Campus and are currently working on their thesis entitled “HOUSEHOLD
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS IN BARANGAY STA. MONICA, PUERTO
PRINCESA CITY.” The main objective of this study is to identify the level of household
emergency preparedness in terms of basic emergency kit, emergency plan, insurance plan,
the training attended by the household related to emergency preparedness, and activity or
measure that would propose to address the household emergency preparedness.

In the view thereof, the undersigned request that they conduct the research in the study
locale. The respondents will be the Barangay household and Barangay officials in Barangay
Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City.

We are hoping for your favorable support and approval of this request.

Very truly yours,

SGD means signed. It
(SGD) MARY JANE V. PALAY indicates that the
(SGD) JESSET R. JAZON signatories of this document
(SGD) JELLY ANN R. VERDERA have previously signed a
Researchers letter.
Noted:

(SGD) RUBEN M. NARRAZID JR.

Adviser, WPU-CCJE-PPC

Approved by:

(SGD) MAPHILINDO D. LAO

Dean, CCJE
 33

APPENDIX B. Letter to the Barangay Captain

Republic of the Philippines

Western Philippines University A STRONG PARTNER FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

College of Criminal Justice Education

January 21, 2022

HON. ROLANDO S. SAYANG

Barangay Captain
Barangay Sta. Monica, Puerto PrincesaCity

Dear Sir:

The undersigned are graduating students of the Western Philippine University Puerto
Princesa Campus and currently working on their thesis entitled “HOUSEHOLD
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS IN BARANGAY STA. MONICA, PUERTO
PRINCESA CITY.” The main objective of this study is to identify the level of household
emergency preparedness in terms of basic emergency kit, emergency plan, insurance plan,
the training attended by the household related to emergency preparedness, and activity or
measure that would propose to address the household emergency preparedness. Through
this, a recommendation would be crafted for the benefit of the household. Therefore, the
identified respondents answering our survey questionnaire are the barangay household
and barangay officials in your locale.

In the view thereof, the undersigned humbly request that you permit them to conduct the
said research in your jurisdiction.
Rest assured that the information gathered will be used solely for research. Attached is a
copy of the survey instrument for your perusal.

Your kind approval and cooperation will always be gratefully acknowledged.

Very truly yours,

(SGD) MARY JANE V. PALAY

(SGD) JESSET R. JAZON
(SGD) JELLY ANN R. VERDERA
Researchers

Noted:

(SGD) RUBEN M. NARRAZID JR.

Adviser, WPU-CCJE-PPC

Approved by:

(SGD) HON. RONALDO S. SAYANG

Barangay Captain
 34

APPENDIX C. Survey Questionnaire

HOUSEHOLD EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS IN BARANGAY STA.

MONICA, PUERTO PRINCESA CITY

Dear Respondents:

The undersigned is conducting a study entitled “Household Emergency

Preparedness in Barangay Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City” as a partial
requirement of the degree of Bachelor of Science in Criminology.

In this regard, the undersigned are requesting your consent of willingness to

answer our survey questionnaire and your honest and objective responses to the
following questions. Your cooperation will be highly appreciated, and your
responses will be treated with the utmost confidentiality.

If you are willing to participate in this study as a respondent, please conform by

affixing your signature.

Thank you very much!

Conformed:
Researchers
MARY JANE V. PALAY ___________________
JESSET R. JAZON Respondent Signature
JELLY ANN R. VERDERA

I belong to:
Household
Barangay Officials

Part I. Level of Household Emergency Preparedness

Direction: Check the given number inside the box that answers the following
indicators. Consult the researcher with your question about the given statement.

Rating Scale:
4- Very Prepared (VP)
3- Prepared (P)
2- Less Prepared (LP)
1- Not Prepared (NP)
 35

CURRICULUM VITAE

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 36

PERSONAL DATA
2.0
Name : MARY JANE V. PALAY

Age : 22

Sex : Female ☺ Must align with personal

information and the margin.
Civil Status : Single ☺ Name is capitalized and bolded
☺ Having white background
Religion : Roman Catholic ☺ Formal attire
☺ Shoulders are visible
Place of Birth : So. Nagpadalan, Dumaran, ☺ In passport size
☺ Colon must be aligned
Home Address : Bgy. Calasag, Dumaran, ☺ Ears shown, not smiling
☺ Follow this sample
Contact Number : 09096155383

Email Address : mjpala08@gmail.com

3.0
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
2.0
LEVEL : NAME OF SCHOOL SCHOOL YEAR
ATTENDED

Tertiary : Western Philippines University 2018-2022

Bgy. Sta. Monica, PPC
Degree : Bachelor of Science in Criminology

Senior High : San Jose National High School 2016-2018

Bgy. San Jose

Primary : Calasag Elementary School 2006-2012

Bgy. Calasag, Dumaran, Palawan

Use this as a model. Note the

alignment and which text should be
made bold and not.