Cl

oudComput
ing–I–UNI
T-I
V–ABSTRACTI
ON:

Abstractionenablest hekeybenefi
tofcloudcomput i
ng,whichisshar
ed,ubiqui
tous
access.Abst racti
on istheactofr epr
esent
ing essent
ialfeatur
eswhil
ehi di
ng the
backgr ound detail
sf rom user
s and developer
s.Iti s used t
oreduce costand
compl exity
,whichinturn,si
mpl
if
iesoper
ati
ons.

Abstractionenablesthekeybenefi
tofcloudcomputing,whichisshar
ed,ubiqui
tous
access.Abst racti
onistheactofr epr
esent i
ngessenti
alfeatur
eswhilehidingthe
backgr ound detai
lsfrom user
s and developer
s.Itis used toreduce costand
compl exity
,whichint
urn,si
mpli
fi
esoperati
ons.

Whati
sAbst
ract
ion?

Abst
ract
ioni
stheactofr
epr
esent
ingessent
ialf
eat
ureswhi
l
ehi
dingt
hebackgr
ound

det
ail
sfr
om user
sanddev
eloper
s.Vi
rt
ual
i
zat
ioni
ssi
mil
art
oabst
ract
ionbuti
tdoesnot

al
way
shi
det
hel
ow l
ayer
’sdet
ail
s.Thet
erm abst
ract
ioni
susedi
nthecomput
ing

i
ndust
ryatsev
erall
evel
s.Abst
ract
ioni
sabouthi
dingt
hebackgr
ounddet
ail
sfr
om t
he

user
sanddev
eloper
s,andi
nvol
vesconst
ruct
ingi
nter
facest
osi
mpl
i
fyt
heuseoft
he

under
lyi
ngr
esour
ce,whi
chal
so si
mpl
i
fiesoper
ati
ons.Appl
i
cat
ionsr
unonphy
sical

sy
stems t
hat ar
en’
t speci
fi
ed,dat
ais st
ored i
nlocat
ions t
hat ar
e unknown,

admi
nist
rat
ionofsy
stemsi
sout
sour
cedt
oot
her
s,andaccessbyuser
sisubi
qui
tous.

Abst
ract
ioni
soneoft
hecor
efeat
uresofcl
oudcomput
ingwhi
chal
l
owsabst
ract
ionof

t
hephy
sical
impl
ement
ati
ont
ohi
det
echni
cal
det
ail
sfr
om consumer
s

WhatDoesVi
rt
ual
Prov
isi
oni
ngMean?
Virt
ualprov
isi
oni
ng isav i
rtualstorage net
work(VSAN)
-based
technol
ogyi
nwhichst
oragespaceisall
ocatedondemandt
odevices.
Thi
spr ocessal
l
owsvi
rt
ual
izedenvi
ronmentstocontroltheal
locat
ion
and managementofphysicaldi
skstorage connected wi
thv i
rt
ual
machines(VM).

Vi
rtualpr ovi
sioning i
s also known as thin pr
ovi
sioni
ng.However,
vi
rt
ual provi
sioningismorerelevanttoavir
tualenvi
ronment
,whil
ethi
n
pr
ov i
sioningi
smor erel
evanttophy si
cal
comput i
ngimplement
ati
ons.

Vir
tualmachinemigrati
onisthet
askofmovingav i
rtual
machinefr
om
onephysicalhar
dwar eenvi
ronmenttoanot
her.Iti
spartofmanaging
hardwarevir
tual
i
zationsystemsandissomethingthatprov
ider
slook
atastheyofferv
irt
uali
zati
onserv
ices.

y
pesofVi
rt
ual
Machi
ne
Ther
ear
edi
sti
nctt
ypesofVM av
ail
abl
eal
lwi
thdi
sti
nctf
unct
ional
i
ties:

o Sy
stem v
irt
ualmachi
nes:Theset
ypesofv
irt
ualmachi
nesar
e
al
so t
ermed as f
ull
vir
tual
izat
ion VMs. I
tfaci
l
itat
es a
r
epl
acementf
oran act
ualmachi
ne.These VMs of
fer
sthe
f
unct
ional
i
tyr
equi
redf
orexecut
ingt
hewhol
eoper
ati
ngsy
stem
(
OS)
.A hy
per
visorappl
i
esnat
iveexecut
ionf
ormanagi
ngand
shar
inghar
dwar
e.I
tper
mit
sformor
ethanoneenv
ironmentt
hat
i
ssepar
atedf
rom eachot
herwhi
l
eexi
stsonasi
mil
arphy
sical
machi
ne. Nov
el hy
per
visor appl
i
es v
irt
ual
i
zat
ion-
speci
fi
c
 har
dwar
eandhar
dwar
e-assi
stedv
irt
ual
i
zat
ionf
rom v
ari
oushost
CPUspr
imar
il
y.
o Pr
ocessv
irt
ualmachi
nes:TheseVi
rt
ualMachi
nesar
ecr
eat
ed
f
orexecut
ing sev
eralpr
ogr
ams oft
he comput
erwi
thi
nthe
pl
atf
orm-
independentenv
ironment
.

Af ew VMsar edevel
opedf oremul ati
ngdi st
inctarchit
ecturesl i
ke
QEMU.I tpermitstheexecutionofoper atingsy st
em andsof tware
appli
cat
ionswr i
tt
enforotherarchi
tectur
esorCPU.Oper ati
ng-system-
l
evelvir
tual
izati
onpermit
st hecomput erresourcestobecat egorized
bythekernel.

Whati
sSy
stem Vi
rt
ual
Machi
nes?
Origi
nal
ly,aVirt
ualMachi newasdescr i
bedbyGol dber
gandPopekas
"anisol
atedandef fi
cientduplicat
eofanact ualcomput ermachine."
Thel at
estusecombi nesv i
rt
ualmachi nest hathav en'
tanydi rect
rel
ati
onwi thactualhar dware.Generall
y,ther ealwor l
dorphy sical
hardware(executi
ngthev i
rt
ualmachine)istermedast he"host
"and
theVM copiedont hemachi neisgeneral
lyter
medast he"guest
."

Adv
ant
agesofVM
o Vi
rt
ualMachi
nef
aci
l
itat
escompat
ibi
l
ityoft
hesof
twar
etot
hat
sof
twar
e whi
ch i
s execut
ing on i
t.Hence,each sof
twar
e
speci
fi
edf
orav
irt
ual
i
zedhostwoul
dal
soexecut
eont
heVM.
o I
tof
fer
sisol
ati
onamongdi
sti
nctt
ypesofpr
ocessor
sandOSes.
Hence,t
hepr
ocessorOSexecut
ingonasi
ngl
evi
rt
ualmachi
ne
can'
tchanget
hehostofanyot
herhostsy
stemsandv
irt
ual
machi
nes.
o Vi
rt
ualMachi
ne f
aci
l
itat
es encapsul
ati
on.Var
ious sof
twar
e
 pr
esentov
ert
heVM coul
dbecont
rol
l
edandmodi
fi
ed.
o Vi
rt
ualmachi
nes gi
ve sev
eralf
eat
ures such as t
he addi
ti
on
ofnew oper
ati
ngsy
stem.Aner
rori
nasi
ngl
eoper
ati
ngsy
stem
wi
l
lnotaf
fectanyot
heroper
ati
ngsy
stem av
ail
abl
eont
hehost
.
I
tof
fer
sthet
ransf
erofmanyf
il
esbet
weenVMs,andnodual
boot
ingf
ort
hemul
ti
-OShost
.
o VM pr
ovi
desbet
termanagementofsof
twar
ebecauseVM can
execut
e a compl
ete st
ack ofsof
twar
e oft
he r
un l
egacy
oper
ati
ngsy
stem,
hostmachi
ne,
etc.
o I
tcanbepossi
blet
odi
str
ibut
ehar
dwar
eresour
cest
osof
twar
e
st
acksi
ndependent
ly.TheVM coul
dbet
ransf
err
edt
odi
sti
nct
comput
ersf
orbal
anci
ngt
hel
oad.

Cl
oudMi
grat
ion
Cloudmi grati
onistheprocedureoftransf
err
ingappl
icati
ons,data,andothertypesof
businesscomponent stoanycl oudcomputi
ngpl at
form.Therear eseveralpartsof
cloud mi grati
on an or ganizati
on can per f
orm. The most used model i s
theappli
cat i
onsanddatatransferthr
oughanon-premisesandlocaldatacentertoany
publi
ccloud.

But,acloudmi grati
oncanalsoentai
ltr
ansfer
ri
ngappl icati
onsanddatafrom asi ngl
e
cl
oud env i
ronmentorf aci
l
itat
et hem to another-a modelcal ledcl
oud-t
o-cloud
migrat
ion.Theot herty
peofcloudmigrat
ionisreversecloudmi gr
ati
on,cl
oudex i
t,and
cl
oudr epat
riat
ionwhereappli
cati
onsordataaretransferredandbacktothelocaldata
center
.

Pr
osofCl
oudMi
grat
ion
Organi
zat
ionsmigrat
etoacloudf
orvariousreasons,but
,nor
mal
l
ywhenf acedwi
th
manychal l
engesofdevel
opi
ngITinf
rastruct
urewithi
nthemostsecur
eandcost-
ef
fecti
vewaypossi
ble.

Someoft
headv
ant
agesofmi
grat
ingt
oacl
oudar
easf
oll
ows:
o Fl
exi
bil
it
y:No or
gani
zat
ion f
aci
l
itat
ing exper
iences a si
mil
ar
demandl
evelbyasi
mil
arnumberofuser
sev
eryt
ime.I
four
apps f
ace f
luct
uat
ions i
ntr
aff
ic,t
hen cl
oud i
nfr
ast
ruct
ure
per
mit
sust
oscal
edownandupt
omeett
hedemand.Hence,
we
canappl
yonl
ythoser
esour
ceswer
equi
re.
o Scal
abi
li
ty:Theanal
yti
csgr
ow ast
heor
gani
zat
iongr
owswi
th
dat
abases,andot
herescal
ateswor
kloads.Thecl
oudf
aci
l
itat
es
t
he abi
l
ity t
o enhance exi
sti
ng i
nfr
ast
ruct
ure. Ther
efor
e,
appl
i
cat
ionshav
espacet
orai
sewi
thouti
mpact
ingwor
k.
o Agi
li
ty:Thepar
toft
hedev
elopmenti
sremai
ningel
ast
icenough
f
orr
espondi
ng t
orapi
d modi
fi
cat
ions wi
thi
nthe t
echnol
ogy
r
esour
ces.Cl
oudadopt
ionof
fer
sthi
sbydecr
easi
ngt
het
ime
dr
ast
ical
l
yitt
akesf
orpr
ocur
ingnewst
orageandi
nvent
ory
.
o Pr
oduct
ivi
ty:Ourcl
oudpr
ovi
dercoul
dhandl
ethecompl
exi
ti
esof
our i
nfr
ast
ruct
ure so we can concent
rat
e on pr
oduct
ivi
ty.
Fur
ther
mor
e,t
her
emot
eaccessi
bil
i
tyandsi
mpl
i
cit
yofmostof
t
hecl
oudsol
uti
onsdef
inet
hatourt
eam canconcent
rat
eon
whatmat
ter
ssuchasgr
owi
ngourbusi
ness.
o Secur
it
y:Thecl
oudf
aci
l
itat
essecur
it
ythanv
ari
ousot
her
sdat
a
cent
ers by cent
ral
l
y st
ori
ng dat
a.Al
so,mostoft
he cl
oud
pr
ovi
der
sgi
vesomebui
l
t-i
naspect
sincl
udi
ngcr
oss-
ent
erpr
ise
v
isi
bil
i
ty,
per
iodi
cupdat
es,
andsecur
it
yanal
yti
cs.
o Pr
ofi
tabi
li
ty:Thecl
oudpur
suesapay
-per
-uset
echni
que.Ther
eis
nor
equi
rementt
opayf
orext
rachar
gesort
oinv
estcont
inual
l
y
i
ntr
aini
ng on,mai
ntai
ning,maki
ng,and updat
ing space f
or
v
ari
ousphy
sical
ser
ver
s.
Cl
oudMi
grat
ionSt
rat
egi
esTy
pes
Migrat
ingtoacl oudcanbeagoodi nv
estmentforourbusi
ness.We
mightbeadmiringwheretostar
tli
kesever
alcompanies.
Gart
nerspecif
iedsomeopt ionsthatarewidel
ycall
ed"thesixRsof
migrat
ion"
,def
inedasfoll
ows:

1.Rehost
ing(
li
ft
-and-
shi
ft
)
The most general pat h is rehosti
ng ( or li
ft-and-shif
t), which
i
mplementsasitsounds.I tholdsourappl icat
ionandt hendr opsit
i
ntoournew host
ingpl atf
orm withoutchangingt hear chit
ectureand
codeoftheapp.Al so,iti
sagener alwayf orent erpr
isesunf amili
ar
wit
hcloudcomputing,whopr of
itfrom thedeploymentspeedwi t
hout
havi
ngtowastemoneyort i
meonpl anningforenlargement .

Besides,bymi gr
atingourexisti
nginfrast
ructur
e,wear eapply
inga
cloudjustl i
keotherdatacenters.I
tpay sf ormaki nggooduseof
vari
ouscl oudservicespresentforaf ew enter
prises.Forexampl e,
addingscalablef
unct i
onstoourappl
icati
ontodev eloptheexper
ience
foranimpr ovi
ngsegmentofmanyuser s.

2.Re-
plat
for
ming
Re-platf
ormingiscal l
ed"li
ft
-ti
nker
-and-shi
ft
".I
tincl
udesmaki ngsome
cl
oudopt i
mizationswi t
houtmodifyi
ngourapp' scorearchi
tectur
e.It
i
st he bet t
er st r
ategy for ent
erpri
ses that are not ready for
configurat
ion and expansi on,ort hose enter
pri
ses thatwi sh to
i
mpr ov etr
ustinsidethecloud.

3.Re-
fact
ori
ng
I
tmeanst orebui
l
dourappl
i
cati
onsfrom l
everaget
oscrat
chcloud-
nat
iveabi
l
iti
es.Wecoul
dnotperf
orm ser
ver
lesscomput
ingorauto-
scaling.A pot enti
aldisadvant
age isvendorlock-
inas we ar er e-
creatingont hecl oudinfr
ast
ruct
ure.I
tisthemostexpensi v
eandt ime-
consumi ngrout easwemayexpect .But,iti
salsof uture-
prooffor
enterpr i
ses thatwi sh totake benefitfr
om mor e standard cloud
featur es.
Itcov ersthe mostcommon t hree appr
oaches f
ormi grat
ing our
existinginfr
astructure.

4.Re-
pur
chasi
ng
I
tmeansr eplaci
ngourexisti
ngappli
cati
onsalongwithanew SaaS-
basedandcl oud-nat
ivepl
atform(suchasahomegr ownCRM usi ng
Salesfor
ce).Thecomplexi
tyislosi
ngtheexist
ingtr
ainingandcode's
famili
ari
tywithourteam overanew platf
orm.Howev er,t
hepr
ofitis
i
gnor i
ngthecostofthedevelopment
.

Re-purchasingisthemostcost-effect
ivepr
ocessifmov i
ngthr
ougha
highl
yper sonali
zedlegacylandscapeandmi ni
mizingtheappsand
servi
cenumberwehav et ohandle.Oncewehav eaccessedt
henatur
e
andsizeofourappl i
cati
onpor t
foli
o,wemaydet ectcloudmi
grati
oni
s
notcorrectforus.

5.Ret
ir
ing
Whenwedon' tfi
ndanappl i
cati
onusefulandthensimplytur
noff
these appl
i
cati
ons.The consequenci
ng savings may boostour
businesssi
tuat
ionforappl
i
cationmigr
ationi
fwear eaccessi
blef
or
maki ngt
hemov e.

6.Re-
visi
ti
ng
Re-vi
siti
ngmaybeal lorsomeofourappl icati
onsmustresidei nt
he
house.Forexampl e,appli
cations t
hathav e uni
que sensiti
vi
ty or
handlei nt
ernalprocesses to an enter
prise.Don'
tbe scar ed for
rev
isi
tingcloudcomput ingatanyl aterdate.Wemustmi grateonly
whatmakesef f
ect
st othebusiness.
Pr
ocessofCl
oudMi
grat
ion
Thewayweconsi derthest rat
egiesofcloudmi grati
onasment i
oned
abovedependsonmi grati
ongoals,thecompl exi
ty,si
zeofourcurrent
envir
onment ,andourbusi nessmodel .Att hi
stime,wewi l
lwantt o
tr
ustourI Tteam'sexperti
set ounderstandthevariousoutsandinof
ourenv i
ronment.
Whet herwet r
ansferal
lser vi
cesandappsatonceort akethehybrid
pathofkeepingaf ewappl i
cati
onson-premise,mostoft hemigr
ati
ons
pursueasi mil
arbasi
cpr ocedureasli
stedbelow:

1.Pl
anourmi
grat
ion
Cl
oudmi gr
ati
onneedsasol idplanni
ngstrat
egytobesuccessful
.Get
cl
earov erourreasonsf orthet r
ansferandwhichoft hemigrat
ion
st
rategybesthelpst hem beforeget t
ingbegun.Hereiswher ewe
mightapplycloudmi grat
ionresourcesandt ool
sforsuppor
ti
ngour
migrati
onplanby:

o Gi
vi
ngcompl
etev
isi
bil
i
tyi
ntoouron-
premi
sepl
atf
ormi
ncl
udi
ng
eachsy
stem dependency
.
o Assessi
ngsecur
it
y,ser
ver
,andper
for
mancer
equi
rement
s.Al
so,
exami
newhatt
ypeoft
rai
ningourt
eam wi
l
lrequi
re.

2.Sel
ectourcl
oudenv
ironment
We ar er eady to selectany cl oud pr ovi
der thatmat ches our
requirementsaf t
erevaluati
ngourl atestappli
cati
onr esour
ceneeds.
The most popul ar env i
ronment s i ncludeGoogl e Cl oud
Platform,Mi cr
osoftAzur e,andAWS( AmazonWebSer v
ices).Allof
theseenv ir
onment sprovideal otofdi sti
nctcloudmodel sforadopting,
whet heritismul ti
-cl
oud,privatecl oud,hy br
idcloud,orpubl i
ccloud.
Priceout ,
test,andbuildoutav i
rtualwor kspaceforseeinghowt hings
appeari ndistr
ibut
ion.
3.Mi
grat
eourdat
aandapps
Wehav ethreeopt i
onsf ormovingalocaldatacent
ertoapubl i
ccloud
suchasonl i
net ransferwithei
therpri
vatenetworkorpublicint
ernet,
oranof fli
net ransfer(off
li
ne)
.Here,weupl oaddataonanappl i
ance
forshippingtoanycl oudprovi
der.Oneoft hebestapproachesreli
es
onthet ypeandamountofdat awear espeedandmov ingonwhi chto
i
mpl ementit .

4.Cer
ti
fypost
-mov
esuccess
Ourworkis notcomplet
e unt
ilwe can show any r
etur
n ov
er
i
nvest
menti
nourmigr
ati
on.

Cl
oudMi
grat
ionTool
s
Thi
rd-
par
tyvendor
sandcloudprovider
sfaci
li
tatealotofautomat
ed,
cl
oud-
based,
andopen-
sourceser
vicesandtoolsdesi
gnedto:

o Cer
ti
fypost
-mi
grat
ionsuccess
o Manageandmoni
tori
tspr
ogr
ess
o Hel
pdev
elopf
orcl
oudmi
grat
ion

Let
'sdi
scusssomeessent
ial
s.

1.APM (
Appl
i
cat
ionPer
for
manceManagement
)
Beari
nmi ndthatduri
ngcl oudvendor soff
eraccesstothemetr
ic'
s
ri
chsetforacknowledgingmodi f
icati
onsinourcloudenvi
ronment
.
Usual
l
y,t
hesemet r
icsaren'
tintheov er
all
appli
cat
ioncont
ext
.

Wewi llneedanisol
atedmonitori
ngsol
utionf
orthevisi
bil
i
tyl
evel.We
can cr eate r
eal-
ti
me cor r
elat
ions among end-user exper
ience,
appli
cationper
formance,andcloudserv
iceuti
li
zat
ionwithasoluti
on
thati
ncludesAppDynamicsAPM.
2.Uni
fi
edMoni
tor
ing
Itis an emer gi
ng abil
it
yt hatgi v
es f
ullvisi
bil
ityinto ourwhol e
appl
icat
ion suppor t
ingcomponent s, infr
astructur
e, dat abase,
appl
icati
on,end-user
,andecosy stem.Thesearer unni
ngint hecl
oud
andon-premises.Wecaneasi l
yfindthei
ssuesofcl oudmigrati
onthat
wil
lusuall
ycausewar -
room call
s.

We havet o be ensured forselect

ing t
ool
st hatincor
por
ate our
pl
atf
ormsandoper at
ingsystems.Thecapabi
l
iti
esofcloudmigrat
ion
werequir
edownt helinemayev enresol
vewhichcloudprov
iderwe
optf
ortoday.

3.Busi
nessI
ntel
l
igenceMoni
tor
ing
Itisaki ndoft oolwewi l
lneedtover
ifycloudmi grati
onprof
it
s.Check
forat oolsameasAppDy namicsBusinessi Q,thatcancompar epost
and pr e-mov e perfor mance basel
ines t hrough a busi ness and
technicalper spect
ive.Accor di
ngl
y,optimizeent erpr
iseperf
ormance
simulatest heexper ienceoft heuserdur i
ngal lthephasesofour
mi gr
ationpr oject
,andt r
ackenter
pri
set ransactionsf orr
eveali
ngthe
trueeffectonourbot tom li
ne.

Cl
oudMi
grat
ionChal
l
enges
Wecan'
tusethest
rat
egiesofthecloudwithoutaccur
atepl
anni
ng.
Someoft
hecommonpitf
all
sar
ediscussedbelow:

o I
nter
oper
abi
li
ty:I
tisnoteasyt
ogetourexi
sti
ngappl
i
cat
ionsf
or
communi
cat
ing wi
th new cl
oud env
ironment
s.We need t
o
mai
ntai
nourpr
ocessesandpr
ocedur
est
othoseofourcl
oud
pr
ovi
dert
omakesur
etheydo.
 o Resour
ce Av
ail
abi
li
ty:The pr
ocess of mi
grat
ion may need
hol
dingi
n-houseser
ver
sof
fl
inet
empor
ari
l
y.But
,downt
imecan
behar
mful
toappl
i
cat
ionper
for
mancewhennotsuppor
tedbyan
accur
atepl
anf
ort
her
ecov
erypr
ocess.
o Resour
ceManagement
:Yet
,notal
lthepr
ofessi
onal
sofI
Ttr
ust
t
hecl
oud.I
fourt
eam hasbeenusedt
ohandl
i
ngphy
sical
ser
ver
s,
t
hey may r
equi
re educat
ing ov
er newer i
nfr
ast
ruct
ure or
r
econf
igur
ingt
odef
inenewr
oles.

Themor ecompl exorl ar

gerourl at
estinfrast
ruct
ure,thestronger
thesechal
lengesareforov ercomi ng.ThatiswhyoutI Tteam must
holdont ot hi
sappealingt ransformationar medusingser v
icesof
cloudmigrat
ionthatcouldmi t
igatetheseissuesincl
udingopenness
tomodifi
cati
on,room f
ordev elopment ,
andasoundst rategy
.

WhatDoesCl
oudPr
ovi
si
oni
ngMean?
Cloudpr ovisioningreferstothepr ocessesf orthedeploymentand
i
ntegrati
on ofcl oud computi
ng ser vi
ces wi t
hin an enter
pri
se IT
i
nfrastr
uctur e.Thi sisabr oadt er
mt hatincorpor
atest hepoli
cies,
proceduresandanent er
pri
se’
sobj ect
iveinsour ci
ngcloudser vi
ces
andsolutionsf rom acloudservi
cepr ovi
der.

Cl
oud pr ovi
sioni
ng primari
l
y def ines how,what and when an
or
gani zati
on willpr
ovisi
on cloud servi
ces.These ser
vicescan be
i
nternal,publ
icorhybri
dcloudpr oductsandsol
uti
ons.Therear
ethree
di
fferentdeli
verymodels:

 Dynamic/On-DemandProvi
sioning:Thecust
omerorr
equesti
ng
appl
icat
ionisprovi
dedwit
hresour cesonr
unti
me.
 UserProvisi
oning:Theuser
/ customeraddsacl
ouddeviceor
devi
cethemselves.
  Post-
Sal
es/Advanced Pr
ovi
sioni
ng:The customeri
s pr
ovi
ded
wit
htheresour
ceuponcontract/
ser
vicesi
gnup.

From a provi
der’s st
andpoint,cloud provi
sioning can i
nclude t
he
supplyandassignmentofr equir
edcl oudresourcest othecustomer.
Forexample,
thecr eat
ionofvir
tualmachines,theallocat
ionofstor
age
capacit
yand/orgranti
ngaccesst ocloudsoftware.

Cl
oudPr
ovi
sioni
ngTy
pes
AdvancedCl
oudPr
ovi
sioni
ng

Al
soknownas“
post
-sal
escl
oudpr
ovi
sioni
ng,
”cust
omer
sget
t
her
esour
cesupon cont
ractorser
vicesi
gnup.Theysi
gn
f
ormalcont
ract
swi
tht
hecl
oudser
vicepr
ovi
der
.Thepr
ovi
der
t
hen pr
epar
es and del
i
ver
sthe agr
eed-
upon r
esour
ces or
ser
vices.Thecust
omer
sar
echar
gedaf
latf
eeorbi
l
ledev
ery
mont
h.

Dy
nami
cCl
oudPr
ovi
sioni
ng

Al
so r
efer
red t
o as “
on-
demand cl
oud pr
ovi
sioni
ng,
”
cust
omer
sar
epr
ovi
dedwi
thr
esour
cesonr
unt
ime.I
nthi
s
del
i
ver
y model
,cl
oud r
esour
ces ar
e depl
oyed t
o mat
ch
cust
omer
s’f
luct
uat
ingdemands.Depl
oyment
scanscal
eup
t
oaccommodat
espi
kesi
nusageanddownwhendemands
decr
ease.Cust
omer
sar
ebi
l
ledonapay
-per
-usebasi
s.When
t
hismodeli
susedt
ocr
eat
eahy
bri
dcl
oudenv
ironment
,iti
s
somet
imescal
l
ed“
cloudbur
sti
ng.
”

UserCl
oudPr
ovi
sioni
ng

I
nthi
s del
i
ver
y model
,cust
omer
s add a cl
oud dev
ice
t
hemsel
ves.Al
soknownas“
cloudsel
f-
ser
vice,
”cl
i
ent
sbuy
r
esour
cesf
rom t
hecl
oud ser
vicepr
ovi
dert
hrough a web
i
nter
faceorpor
tal
.Themodelusual
l
yinv
olv
escr
eat
ingauser
accountand pay
ing f
orr
esour
ceswi
thacr
edi
tcar
d.The
r
esour
cesar
equi
ckl
yspunupandmadeav
ail
abl
eforuse
wi
thi
nhour
s,i
fnotmi
nut
es.Anexampl
eoft
hisi
ncl
udesan
empl
oyeepur
chasi
ng cl
oud-
based pr
oduct
ivi
tyappl
i
cat
ions
v
iaMi
crosof
t365orGSui
te.

Cl
oudPr
ovi
sioni
ngBenef
it
s
Cl
oudpr
ovi
sioni
nghassev
eralbenef
it
sthatar
enotav
ail
abl
e
wi
tht
radi
ti
onal
prov
isi
oni
ngappr
oaches,
suchas:

 Scal
abi
li
ty:The t
radi
ti
onali
nfor
mat
ion t
echnol
ogy(
IT)
pr
ovi
sioni
ngmodelr
equi
resor
gani
zat
ionst
omakel
arge
i
nvest
ment
s i
n t
hei
ron-
premi
sesi
nfr
ast
ruct
ure. That
needs ext
ensi
ve pr
epar
ati
on and f
orecast
ing of
i
nfr
ast
ruct
ureneedssi
nceon-
premi
sesi
nfr
ast
ruct
ures
 ar
e of
ten setup t
olastf
ormanyy
ear
s.The cl
oud
pr
ovi
sioni
ngmodel
,meanwhi
l
e,l
etscompani
essi
mpl
y
scal
eupanddownt
hei
rcl
oudr
esour
cesdependi
ngon
t
hei
rshor
t-
ter
m usager
equi
rement
s.

 Speed:Or
gani
zat
ions’dev
eloper
s can qui
ckl
yspi
n up
sev
eralwor
kloads on-
demand,so t
he compani
es no
l
ongerr
equi
reI
Tadmi
nist
rat
orst
opr
ovi
deandmanage
comput
ingr
esour
ces.

 Costsav
ings:Whi
l
etr
adi
ti
onalon-
premi
sest
echnol
ogy
r
equi
resl
argeupf
ronti
nvest
ment
s,manycl
oudser
vice
pr
ovi
der
slett
hei
rcust
omer
s payf
oronl
ywhatt
hey
consume.Butt
heat
tract
iveeconomi
csofcl
oudser
vices
pr
esent
s chal
l
enges, t
oo, whi
ch may r
equi
re
or
gani
zat
ionst
odev
elopacl
oudmanagementst
rat
egy
.

Cl
oudPr
ovi
sioni
ngChal
lenges
Li
keanyot
hert
echnol
ogy
,cl
oudpr
ovi
sioni
ngal
sopr
esent
s
sev
eral
chal
l
enges,
incl
udi
ng:

 Compl
ex managementand moni
tor
ing:Or
gani
zat
ions
 mayneedsev
eralpr
ovi
sioni
ngt
ool
stocust
omi
zet
hei
r
cl
oudr
esour
ces.Manyal
sodepl
oywor
kloadsonmor
e
t
hanonecl
oudpl
atf
orm,maki
ngv
iewi
ngev
ery
thi
ngona
cent
ral
consol
emor
echal
l
engi
ng.

 Resour
ceandser
vicedependenci
es:Cl
oudappl
i
cat
ions
and wor
kloads of
ten t
ap i
nto basi
c i
nfr
ast
ruct
ure
r
esour
ces,suchascomput
ing,net
wor
king,andst
orage.
Butpubl
i
c cl
oud ser
vice pr
ovi
der
s of
ferhi
gher
-l
evel
anci
l
lar
yser
vicesl
i
keser
ver
lessf
unct
ionsandmachi
ne
l
ear
ning(
ML)andbi
gdat
acapabi
l
iti
es.Suchser
vices
maycar
rydependenci
est
hatcanl
ead t
o unexpect
ed
ov
eruseandsur
pri
secost
s.

 Pol
icy enf
orcement
:User cl
oud pr
ovi
sioni
ng hel
ps
st
reaml
i
ner
equest
sandmanager
esour
cesbutr
equi
res
st
ri
ctr
ulest
omakesur
eunnecessar
yresour
cesar
enot
pr
ovi
ded.Thati
sti
me-
consumi
ngsi
ncedi
ff
erentuser
s
r
equi
rev
ary
ingl
evel
sofaccessandf
requency
.Set
ti
ng
upr
ulest
oknow whocanpr
ovi
dewhi
chr
esour
ces,f
or
how l
ong,and wi
th whatbudget
arycont
rol
s can be
di
ff
icul
t.