SENSE OF ORGANS

We have sense cells that respond to stimuli (singular = stimulus). A stimulus is a change in light,
temperature, pressure,etc. which produces a reaction in a living organism.
Structures that detect stimuli are called receptors.
Some of these receptors are scattered through the skin: this organ has a number of different
types of receptor. Other receptors are concentrated into special sense organs such as the eye
and the ear.
Sense organs and their stimuli

The special property of sensory cells and sense organs is that they are able to convert one form
of energy to another. The eyes can convert light energy into the electrical energy of a nerve
impulse. When a receptor responds to a stimulus, it sends a nerve impulse to the brain, which
makes us aware of the sensation.
The eye
Functions of parts of the eye

Appearance of right eye from the front

The pupil reflex
The amount of light entering the eye is controlled by a reflex action. The amount of light
entering the eye is controlled by the iris, which alters the diameter of the pupil This is controlled
by the muscles of the iris.