St.

Paul University Philippines

Tuguegarao City 3500
Tel: 078-396-1987 to 1994
Fax: 078-846-4305
www.spup.edu.ph
SCHOOL OF NURSING AND ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES
College of Medical Technology

INTRODUCTION TO GENETICS  Consist of the long molecule

Cytogenetics deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
 Cyto came from a Latin word which means Notes:
“cell.”  DNA – adenine, guanine,
 Genetics is the study of genes, genetic thymine, cytosine
variation, and heredity.  RNA – adenine, guanine, uracil, cytosine
 Cytogenetics is the study of the different
structure and properties of a chromosome.
GENOME
Notes:
 Complete set of genetic instructions,
 It is the foundation.
including protein-encoding genes and other
 Study of abnormalities
DNA sequences of an organism.
 Extra or less chromosomes
GENOMICS
Example:  The field that deals with the comparison
Down syndrome and Trisomy 21 and analysis of genomes which then
reveals how closely we are related to each
TERMINOLOGIES other and to other species.
HEREDITY
 The transmission of traits and biological THE RISE OF THE SCIENCE OF GENETICS
information between generations. NEHEMIAH GREW
Notes:  Reported that plants reproduce sexually by
 Inherited traits or characteristics using pollen from the male sex cells.
 Hereditary diseases GREGOR MENDEL
 “Father of Genetics”
GENETICS Notes:
 The study of inherited traits and their  Plants
Variation  Principle of Mendel genetic
 The study of how traits are transmitted. ROBERT BROWN`
Notes:  Described cell nucleus.
 How is it transmitted?
 Punnet Square MATTHIAS JACOB SCHLEIDEN and
THEODOR SCHWANN
GENEALOGY  Proposed the concept of Cell Theory
 The science of studying family history (multiple)
Notes: CELL THEORY
 How we relate to each other  All life is composed of cells.
 Family tree  Cell arises only from preexisting cells
 Cell is the fundamental unit of structure
and function in living organisms.
GENES WALTHER FLEMMING
 Units of heredity  Described the division of chromosomes.
 They are called the “Biochemical
Instructions.
CYTOGENETICS TRANS BSMT-2A
1st SEMESTER A.Y. 2023 – 2024
ALLAUIGAN, TRISHA MAY T.
 St. Paul University Philippines
Tuguegarao City 3500
Tel: 078-396-1987 to 1994
Fax: 078-846-4305
www.spup.edu.ph
SCHOOL OF NURSING AND ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES
College of Medical Technology

WALTER SUTTON
 Proposed that genes is
located on chromosomes.
JAMES WATSON AND FRANCIS CRICK
ALONG WITH MAURICE WILKINS AND
ROSALIND FRANKLIN
 Described the three-dimensional structure
of DNA
WALTER GILBERT
 Methods for DNA Sequencing
1990
 Gene Therapy was used for the first time.
Note: add or lessen genes
1995
 First complete DNA sequence of
Hemophilus influenzae is determined.
Note: common colds “flu”
1996
 Reporting of the first complete sequence of
yeast.
2000
 Rough draft of the human genome
sequence which was completed in 2003.
PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
 Antibiotics
MEDICINE
 Gene Therapy
Notes:

 ALEXANDER FLEMING
 Penicillium natatum (mold or substances
used in penicillin medicine)

CYTOGENETICS TRANS BSMT-2A

1st SEMESTER A.Y. 2023 – 2024
ALLAUIGAN, TRISHA MAY T.
 St. Paul University Philippines
Tuguegarao City 3500
Tel: 078-396-1987 to 1994
Fax: 078-846-4305
www.spup.edu.ph
SCHOOL OF NURSING AND ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES
College of Medical Technology

ALLAUIGAN, TRISHA MAY T. BSMT-2A