CHAPTER -IV

Analysis and Interpretation

This chapter deals with analysis and interpretation of data collected on a number of issues
from various sources. Statistics is a field of study concerned with techniques or methods of data
collection, classification, summarizing, interpretation, drawing inferences, testing of hypotheses,
making recommendations etc.

Data was collected from 30 adult inpatients from medical and surgical ward to assess the
booklet knowledge on obstructive sleep apnea. The data were analyzed according to the
objectives and hypothesis of the study. Analysis of the study was done after all the data was
transferred to the master coding sheet. The data were analyzed, tabulated and interpreted using
descriptive and inferential statistics.

Organization of Data

Section A: Description of samples based on the demographic variable.

Section B: Assessment of pre and post test knowledge regarding obstructive sleep apnea among
adult inpatients at the medical and surgical department.

Section C: Comparison of pre and post test knowledge regarding obstructive sleep apnea among
adult inpatients at medical and surgical department.

Section D: Association of post test knowledge regarding obstructive sleep apnea among adult
inpatient at the medical and surgical department.
 PRESENTATION OF DATA

SECTION A: DESCRIPTION OF ADULT INPATIENTS AT MEDICAL

AND SURGICAL DEPARTMENT ON DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLE

Table 1: Frequency and percentage distribution of adult inpatient at medical and surgical
department on demographic variable.

FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
S.No DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES
(n) %

1. Age
a.20-29 years 8 27%

b.30-39 years 4 13%

c.40-49 years 7 23%

d.50-59 years 11 37%

2. Sex
a. male 19 63%

b.female 11 37%

c.others - -

3. Level of Education
a. Profession or Honours 1 3%

b. Graduate 2 7%

c. Intermediate or diploma 3 10%

d. High school certificate 9 30%

e.Middle school certificate 6 20%

f.Primary school certificate 5 17%

 g.Illiterate 4 13%

4. Occupation
a. Legislators, Senior Officials & - -
Managers
b. Professionals 4 13%

c. Technicians and Associate 2 7%

Professionals
d.Clerks 1 3%

e. Skilled Workers and Shop & 4 13%

Market Sales Workers
f. Skilled Agricultural & Fishery 2 7%
Workers
g. Craft & Related Trade 2 7%
Workers
h. Plant & Machine Operators 4 13%
and Assemblers
i. Elementary Occupation 6 20%

j. Unemployed 5 17%

5. Monthly Income in Rupees

a. ≥ 199,862 - -

b. 99,931–199,861 - -

c. 74,755 –99,930 - -

d. 49,962–74,755 1 3%

e. 29,973-49,961 1 3%

f. 10,002–29,972 13 43%

g. ≤ 10,001 15 50%

6. Religion
 a. Hindu 25 83%

b. Christian 4 13%

c. Muslim 1 3%

d. Others - -

7. Marital Status
a. single 6 20%

b. married 23 77%

c. divorced - -

d. widow \ widower 1 3%

e. separated - -

8. Type of Family
a.Nuclear 20 67%

b. Joint 10 33%

c. Extended - -

9. Area of residence
a. urban 27 90%

b. rural 3 10%

Previous knowledge on
10.
obstructive sleep apnea
a. Yes 10 33%

b. No 20 67%

11. If yes,

a. Online 1 3%

b. College - -

c. Consultation 7 23%
 d. Face-to-face - -

e. Handouts 1 3%

f. Other 1 3%

TABLE – 1: Shows the frequency and percentage distribution of demographic variables among
adults who participated in the study. Among 30 subjects (11)37% were between the age group of
50-59 years and (8)27% were between the age group of 20-29, (7) 23% were between the age
group of 40-49 years and (4)13% were the age group of above 30-39.

63% of the samples were males and (11)37% were females.

With regard to level of education,(1)3% were professionals, (2)7% were graduates, (3)10%
samples were diploma , (9)30% has high school certificate ,(6)20% has middle school certificate,
(5)17% has primary school certificate, (4)13% are illiterate

In assessing the occupation of the given sample (1)3% are clerks, 7% were from
technicians,skilled agriculture and fishery, craft related trade workers, 13% are from
professional,skilled workers, plant and machine operators, (6)20% are in elementary occupation
, (5)17% are unemployed.

In regard to family income, (13)43% of subjects family income was between 10,002-
29,972 per month, (15)50% of subjects family income was less than <10,001 per month.

In regard to religion, (25)83% were hindus, (4)13% are christians, (1)3% are muslims.

In regards to assessing the marital status (23)77% are married, (6)20% are unmarried, and
(20)67% lives in nuclear type of family whereas (10)33% are from joint family.

In regards to area of residence (27)90% are living in urban areas, (3)10% are living in
rural areas.

Among the samples, (20)67% have no previous knowledge about Obstructive sleep
apnea, whereas (10)33% have previous knowledge about Obstructive sleep apnea.
 AGE

SEX

LEVEL OF EDUCATION
OCCUPATION
RELIGION
SECTION B: Assessment of pre and post test knowledge regarding
obstructive sleep apnea among adult inpatient at medical and surgical
department

Table 2: Frequency and percentage distribution of pre and post test knowledge regarding
obstructive sleep apnea among adult inpatients at medical and surgical department.

N=30
SECTION C: Assessment of Bio-Physiological variables of Myocardial
Infarction of women.

Table-3: Frequency and Percentage distribution of Bio-Physiological variables among women.

n=50
S. Bio- Level Of Risk
No Physiological
Factors

No Risk Mild Moderate Severe

n P N P N P N P

1. BMI
 a. Under weight 1 2% 6 12% 2 4% - -

b. Normal - - 7 14% 9 18% 1 2%

c. Over Weight - - - - 3 6% 4 8%

d. I class obese - - - - 1 2% 12 24%

e. II class obese - - - - - - 4 8%

f. III class obese - - - - - - - -

2. Waist
circumference
a. <80 cm 1 2% 6 12% - - - -

b. 80-88 cm - - 6 12% 4 8% 1 2%

c. 88-98 cm - - 1 2% 8 16% 8 16%

d.>98 cm above - - - - 3 6% 12 24%

3. Body Fat
a. Ideal 1 2% - - - - - -

b. Average - - 7 14% 2 4% - -

c. Obese - - 5 10% 9 18% 3 6%

d.Over obese - - 1 2% 4 8% 18 36%

Table- 4: This table shows that frequency and percentage distribution of bio-physiological
variables among women. Among 50 subjects,
In BMI, majority 21(42%) had Severe Risk, 15(30%) were Moderate risk, 13(26%) were
Mild risk and only 1 (2%) were found to be No risk.
 In Waist circumference, majority 21(42%) had Severe risk, 15(30%) were Moderate risk,
13(26%) were Mild Risk and only 1(2%) were found in No Risk.
In Body fat, majority 21(42%) were Severe risk, 15(30%) were Moderate risk, 13(26%)
were Mild Risk and 1(2%) were No Risk.

SECTION D: ASSESSMENT OF ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE RISK

FACTOR WITH DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES

Table: 5 Association between the risk factors with selected demographic

variables
n=50

S. Demographic Level of risk Chi

Variables Square
No
Value
No
Mild Moderate Severe
Risk

1 Age in years
 a)30-39 years 7.128
d.f=12
- - - -
p=084904
NS*
b)40-49years - 3 8 9

c)50-59years 1 7 6 6

d)60-69years - 2 1 5

e)70above - 1 - 1

2 Education
d.f=18
p=0.99799
NS*

a)profession - - - -

b)Graduate - - - -

c)Diploma - - - -

d)High school
- - - -
certificate
e)Middle school
1 2 3 6
certificate
f)Primary school
- 1 1 -
certificate
g)Illiterate - 10 11 15

3 Occupation =2.329
d.f=18
p=0.99997
NS*
 a)Senior Official
- - - -
and Manager
b)Professionals - 8 10 15

c)Technicians and
Associate - - - -
Professional
d)Clerk - - - -

e)Skilled workers
and shop and - - - -
market sales
f)Skilled
Agricultures and 1 5 5 6
Fishery workers
g)Craft and
Related Trade - - - -
Workers
4 Monthly income =0.5024
d.f=15
p=1.0
NS*
a)>199,862 - - - -

b)99,931-199,861 - - - -

c)74,755-99,930 - - - -

d)49,962-74,755 - - - -

e)10,002-29,972 - 4 5 7

f)<10,001 1 9 10 14

5 Religion =10.2929
d.f=3
 p=0.016
NS*

a)Hindu 1 13 15 21

b)Christian - - - -

c)Muslim - - - -

d)Others - - - -

Marital status =3.7037

6
d.f=4
p=0.054
NS*

a)married 1 13 15 21

b)unmarried - - - -

7 Type of family =2.33

d.f=6
p=0.88696
NS*
a)Nuclear - 9 10 17

b)Joint 1 4 5 4

c)Extended - - - -

*p<0.05, S – Significant, N.S – Not Significant

Findings of the above table revealed that all demographic variables are no significant
association between the risk factor with demographic variable.