CHAPTER –IV

DATA ANALYSIS AND INTER PERTATION

Analysis is a process of organizing and synthesizing data in such a way that research
questions can be answered and hypothesis tested,(polit and hungler,2003

Analysis enables the research to reduce, summarize, organize, evaluate, interpret and
communicated numerical information,(polit and hungler,2004)

This chapter deals with the analysis and interpretation of data collected from
30(experimental group-I and experimental group -II) disphagia among
cerebrovascular patient in Government head quarters hospital, Erode and Erode trust
hospital at Erode to assess the effectiveness swallowing therapy followed by tongue
exercises in experimental group –I, tongue exercises followed by swallowing therapy
in experimental group-II.

The data were coded and analyzed as per objectives of the study under the
following headings;

SECTION A: description of sample characteristics.

SECTION B: assess the level of swallowing function among experimental

group-I and experimental group –II before and after exercises modalities.

 Frequency and percentage distribution of pre test and post test scores of
experimental group-I
 Frequency and percentage distribution of pre test and post test scores of
experimental group –II
SECTION C: determine the effectiveness of swallowing therapy followed by
tongue exercises in experimental group –I, tongue exercises followed by swallowing
therapy in experimental group-II.
 Unpaired "t” test value of experimental group-I and experimental group-
II pre and post test scores of disphagia among cerebrovascular patient.
 Comparison of mean, standard deviation and mean precentage of
experimental group-I and experimental group-II pre and post test scores
of disphagia among cerebrovascular patient.

SECTION D: Find out association between post test scores of experimental group-I
and experimental group-II pre and post test scores of disphagia among
cerebrovascular patient and their demographic variables.

 Chi square value of association between experimental group-I post test scores
on disphagia among cerebrovascular patient with their demographic variables.
 .
 Chi square value of association between experimental group-II post test scores
on disphagia among cerebrovascular patient with their demographic variables.

SECTION A
DESCRIPTION OF SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS
TABLE 4.1: Frequency and percentage distribution of experimental group-I
and experimental group –II before according to their demographic variables.

S.N DEMOGRAPHIC EXPERIMENTAL EXPERIMENTAL

O VARIABLES GROUP-I GROUP-II
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
(N) (%) (N) (%)
1 Age in years
a. 20-30years 1 7 2 13
b. 30-40years 10 67 3 20
c. 40-50years 2 13 6 40
d. 50-60years 2 13 4 27
2 Gender
a. Male 12 80 11 73
b. Female 3 20 4 27
3 Food habits
a. vegetarian 2 13 3 20
b. mixed diet 13 87 12 80
4 Habits

a. Cigarette 4 27 3 20
smoking
b. alcoholism 1 7 2 13
c. Tobacco chewing 2 13 1 7
d. No habits 2 13 3 20
e. a&b 3 20 3 20
F a&c 3 20 3 20
5 Duration of illness

a. Below 1year 11 73 10 67
b. 1-5years 3 20 3 20
c. above 5years 1 7 2 13
6 Associated illness
a. Present 10 67 11 73
b. absent 5 33 4 27
7 Type of paralysis
a. hemiplegia 11 73 12 80
b. paraplegia 1 7 2 13
c. quarterplegia 3 20 1 7

TABLE 4.1 reveals that frequency and percentage distribution of experimental

group-I and experimental group –II according their demographic variable.

Distribution of experimental group-I and experimental group –II samples according

their “age group” depicts that in experimental group-I highest percentage67% of patient were
in the age group of ‘40-50 years’. However 13% of patient were in the age group of ‘30-
40years and50-60 years’, and only7% of patient were in the age group of ‘20-30 years’. In
experimental group –II the highest percentage 40% of patient were in the age group of ‘40-50
years’. However 27% of patient were in the age group of ‘50-60’years .20% of patient were
in the age group of ‘30-40 years’, and only 13% of patient were in the age group of ‘20-30
years’.
With regard to ‘gender’, experimental group-I and experimental group –II samples
reveals that in experimental group-I highest percentage 80% of patient were males And
only20% of patient were females. In experimental group –II the highest percentage 73% of
patient were males and only 27% of patient was female.
Distribution of experimental group-I and experimental group –II samples according
their ‘food habits’ depicts that in experimental group-I highest percentage 87% of patient
were in mixed diet and only 23% of patient were in vegetarian. In experimental group –II the
highest percentage 80% of patient were in mixed diet and only 13% of patient was in
vegetarian.
Distribution of experimental group-I and experimental group –II samples according
their “habits” depicts that in experimental group-I highest percentage 27% of patient was in
cigarette smoking. However 20% of patient were in the cigarette smoking –alcoholism and
cigarette smoking-tobacco chewing,13% patient were in tobacco chewing ,13% patient were
in tobacco chewing and only7% of patient were in no habits. In experimental group –II I
highest percentage20% of patient were in cigarette smoking, no habits, smoking –alcoholism
and cigarette smoking-tobacco chewing, However 13% patient were in alcoholism and
only7% of patient were in tobacco chewing.
Distribution of experimental group-I and experimental group –II samples according
their ‘duration of illness’ depicts that in experimental group-I highest percentage 73% of
patient were in the duration below 1 year, however 20% of patient were in the duration
between 1-5 years and only 7% of patient were in the duration is above 5 years. in
experimental group-II highest percentage 67% of patient were in the duration below 1 year,
however 20% of patient were in the duration between 1-5 years and only 13% of patient
were in the duration is above 5 years.
Distribution of experimental group-I and experimental group –II samples according
their ‘associative illness’ depicts that in experimental group-I highest percentage 67% of
patient had associative illness and only 33% of patient had no associative illness. In
experimental group-I highest percentage 73% of patient had associative illness and only 27%
of patient had no associative illness.
 Distribution of experimental group-I and experimental group –II samples according
their ‘type of paralysis’ depicts that in experimental group-I highest percentage 73% of
patient were in hemiplegia, however 20% of patient were in qarterplegia and only 7% of
patient were in parapeligia. In experimental group-I highest percentage 80% of patient were
in hemiplegia, however 13% of patient were in parapeligia and only 7% of patient were in
qarterplegia.