NAME: JOHN URIELL T.

RAMOS
SECTION: ABM201

THE ORIGIN OF ELEMENTS

ANSWER IN ESSAY FORM

In the periodic table, there are three elements that are considered the lightest, and these
are hydrogen, helium, and lithium. They are light elements, but they were involved in the Big
Bang. According to the Department of Energy, it is the creation of new atomic nuclei, the centers
of atoms that are made up of protons and neutrons. The Big Bang Nucleosynthesis takes place in
the early stages of creation in the Big Bang Theory, where the light elements in the intense heat
undergo the process of nuclear fusion. The total process lasts about 17 minutes. Most of the
cosmic abundances of helium, deuterons, and hydrogen as well as a sizable portion of the lithium
abundance were created during Big Bang nucleosynthesis.

Three processes are involved in the conversion of six protons into the nucleus and two leftover
protons in stars with lower core temperatures. The proton conversion is a critical step that
releases extra power and positive charge. Two protons collide because they are so close to each
other, creating an unstable mixture. A stable deuterium nucleus is formed when one proton
decays to a neutron, necessitating a second step. The second phase, which must happen twice, is
the collision of two deuterium nuclei with a proton to create the nucleus of helium -3. This
process increases stability and releases gamma rays. In the last stage, two Helium-3 nuclei
collide to create a Helium-4 nucleus, releasing two protons that take part in Steps 1 or 2.