Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Values Complilation Daily Current Affairs-15-02-24
Values Complilation Daily Current Affairs-15-02-24
Consumer sentiment surveys provide insights into rural optimism, which has
seen a significant decline, particularly in January 2024.
CMIE’s research notes a sharp fall in the Index of Consumer Sentiments
(ICS), primarily driven by rural perceptions of economic conditions.
Factors such as stagnating commodity prices and reduced profits contribute to this
decline, marking a departure from pre-COVID levels of optimism.
The Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) consumer confidence survey offers further
insights into household perceptions of the economic situation.
The Current Situation Index (CSI) reflects a consistent trend of pessimism,
persisting throughout the government’s second term.
Notably, consumer sentiment experienced a sudden surge in optimism in
March 2019, preceding the Lok Sabha elections, but has remained largely
pessimistic since June 2017.
Conclusion:
Practice Question: Discuss the challenges posed by agrarian distress, rural economic
stagnation, and declining consumer sentiment, and assess their impact. Propose measures to
address these challenges and foster inclusive growth and sustainable development in India’s
rural and agricultural sectors. (250 words/15 m)
2. PM Modi Inaugurates First Hindu Temple in UAE,
Symbolizing Cultural Unity and Bilateral Relations
Topic: GS1 – Indian Culture – Architecture
GS2 – International Relations – Bilateral Relations
This topic is relevant for both Prelims and Mains in the context of the construction and
inauguration of the BAPS Swaminarayan temple in Abu Dhabi, highlighting the
significance of Hindu culture and its global outreach.
Context:
Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the BAPS Swaminarayan temple in Abu
Dhabi, marking the first Hindu temple built in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).
The temple, constructed by the Bochasanwasi Akshar Purushottam Swaminarayan
Sanstha (BAPS), a denomination of the Swaminarayan sampradaya, is part of a
network of 1,550 temples worldwide, including prominent ones like the Akshardham
temples in New Delhi and Gandhinagar, and Swaminarayan temples in various
international cities.
The UAE, home to a significant Indian diaspora of nearly 3.3 million people,
hosts around 150 to 200 BAPS Swaminarayan devotee families.
The temple’s establishment reflects the need for a significant place of worship for
the local Indian community, with its construction envisioned by the tenth
spiritual guru of the sect, Pramukh Swami Maharaj, as a symbol of unity
bringing together countries, communities, and cultures.
Architectural Features:
Deities from various regions of India are featured in the temple, along with
depictions of rivers like Ganga, Yamuna, and Saraswati.
Additionally, murals portraying stories from Indian and global civilizations adorn
the temple, reflecting a diverse array of cultural narratives.
Conclusion:
Akshardham Temples:
China has been constructing such villages for over five years along India’s
borders with the Tibet Autonomous Region, including Ladakh and
Arunachal Pradesh.
Recent reports indicate that Chinese nationals are now moving into these villages,
although it’s uncertain whether they are civilians or military personnel.
Moreover, China has been rapidly developing infrastructure along the LAC,
including areas like the Siang valley of Arunachal Pradesh, in addition to
enhancing connectivity through passes, roads, bridges, and border villages.
This expansion also extends to Bhutanese territory.
Objective:
The scheme aids to identify and develop the economic drivers based on local,
natural, human and other resources of the border villages on the northern
border;
Development of growth centres on ‘hub and spoke model’ through promotion of
social entrepreneurship, empowerment of youth and women through skill development
and entrepreneurship;
Leveraging the tourism potential through promotion of local, cultural, traditional
knowledge and heritage;
Development of sustainable eco-agri businesses on the concept of ‘one village-one
product’ through community-based organisations, cooperatives, NGOs.
Practice Question: Analyze the challenges and opportunities associated with India’s efforts
to bolster its border infrastructure and ensure territorial integrity in the northeastern region.
(150 words/10 m)
4. Wheat MSP exceeds farmers’ ‘production cost plus 50%’
demand: Data
Topic: GS3 – Agriculture – MSP
This topic is relevant for both Prelims and Mains in the context of understanding MSP
calculations, agricultural production dynamics, and government interventions in the
agricultural sector.
Context:
Punjab and Madhya Pradesh, two major states in India, are set to provide
farmers with a wheat price higher than their long-standing demand of C2 plus 50
percent.
Together, these states contribute to nearly 35 percent of India’s wheat
production and account for over 70 percent of total procurement for the central pool
in the rabi marketing season of 2023-24.
Data from the Commission for Agricultural Costs & Prices (CACP) indicates
that the MSP for wheat, set at Rs 2,275 per quintal for the 2024-25 Rabi
Marketing Season by the Centre, exceeds the C2 plus 50 percent demanded
by farmers where C2 is the cost of production and is equal to the “paid out cost
plus imputed value of family labour plus rental value of owned land and interest
on fixed capital”.
However, the CACP recommends MSP based on the A2+FL formula,
which includes only paid-out costs incurred by farmers and is lower compared to
C2.
Punjab’s higher return is attributed to its higher yield, with projected yields for
paddy and wheat exceeding the national average.
For instance, the projected wheat yield in Punjab for the 2023-24 Rabi Marketing
Season is 49.98 quintal per hectare, the highest among all states.
Conclusion:
The increase in MSP for wheat and paddy in Punjab and Madhya Pradesh signifies
a departure from farmers’ longstanding demands and reflects the government’s
efforts to address agricultural concerns.
However, discrepancies in MSP calculation methods and varying returns
across states underscore the complexity of agricultural pricing policies and
the need for further dialogue and reform.
Procuring crops at MSP requires substantial financial resources, and sustaining such
procurement operations may strain government finances.
Balancing the budgetary allocation for MSP with other essential expenditures such as
infrastructure development, social welfare programs, and defense spending poses a
challenge.
Legal MSP cannot work if not supported by demand and supply side factors.
Legalising MSP may result in the neglect of non-MSP crops, leading to decreased
cultivation of nutritious food crops, pulses, and oilseeds.
This can have negative implications for food security, dietary diversity, and nutritional
outcomes, particularly among vulnerable populations.
Legalizing MSP may lead to higher procurement prices for MSP-supported crops,
making them less competitive in the international market.
Elevated domestic prices could result in reduced export competitiveness, especially for
crops with high MSP rates.
Trade Disputes:
Legalizing MSP may lead to trade disputes with importing countries, especially if the
government provides subsidies or other forms of support to maintain MSP prices.
Such disputes can result in retaliatory measures, tariffs, or trade barriers, affecting
export volumes and market access. With a legally guaranteed higher MSP, India will
face stiffer opposition at the World Trade Organization (WTO).
PYQ: What do you mean by Minimum Support Price (MSP)? How will MSP rescue the
farmers from the low income trap? (150 words/10m) (UPSC CSE (M) GS-3 2018)
Practice Question: Discuss the implications of the Minimum Support Price (MSP)
calculations and agricultural policies on farmers in Punjab and Madhya Pradesh, as
highlighted in recent reports from the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP).
(250 words/15 m)
5. INSAT-3DS: India Set to Revolutionize Weather Forecasting
with Enhanced Satellite Data
Topic: GS3 – Science & Technology – Achievements of Indian S&T; Indigenization of
technology This topic is relevant for both Prelims and Mains in the context
of understanding the role of satellite technology in weather forecasting and disaster
response.
Context:
Weather forecasters and scientists monitoring extreme climate events in India will
soon benefit from enhanced satellite data and high-resolution images provided by
the upcoming launch of INSAT-3DS from Sriharikota on February 17.
This satellite, funded by the Ministry of Earth Sciences, is poised to revolutionize
the tracking of cyclones, monsoons, thunderstorms, and other natural
disasters, facilitating more accurate predictions and timely responses.
The India Meteorological Department (IMD) has relied on INSAT data for
operational meteorology since 2003.
The introduction of satellite-based products has significantly enhanced forecast
accuracy, atmospheric and oceanic monitoring, and overall meteorological
services.
These improvements have played a crucial role in minimizing damage to
property, saving lives, and protecting livelihoods from the impacts of extreme
weather events.
Conclusion:
PYQ: What do you understand by ‘Standard Positioning Systems’ and ‘Protection Positioning
Systems’ in the GPS era? Discuss the advantages India perceives from its ambitious IRNSS
programme employing just seven satellites. (200 words/12.5m) (UPSC CSE (M) GS-3 2015).
Practice Question: Discuss the significance of the INSAT-3DS satellite launch for weather
monitoring and disaster management in India, and its implications for the country’s
meteorological capabilities. (150 words/10 m)
6. Centre uses British-era Act to block Internet in Punjab
Topic: GS2 – Governance – Government policies – Issues arising out of their design &
implementation. Relevant for UPSC: Highlights government’s use of emergency powers,
impact on civil liberties, and governance issues, crucial for understanding Indian polity.
Context
● The Indian government, using a British-era law, suspended mobile Internet in Punjab
ahead of a planned farmer protest march to Delhi, citing public emergency and safety concerns.
Additional information on this news:
Supreme Court Ruling: Declared access to the internet a fundamental right in 2017,
essential for freedom of expression and other rights.
Digital Inclusion: Seen as crucial for education, healthcare, economic opportunity,
and participation in a digital society.
Recent Bans:
Concerns:
Vagueness in Guidelines: Lack of clear criteria for imposing bans can lead to
arbitrary decisions and misuse of power.
Chilling Effect: Fear of bans may lead to self-censorship and hinder free expression.
Impact on Businesses: Can cause economic losses for online businesses and stifle
innovation.
Way Forward:
Practice Question: In light of the recent suspension of mobile Internet in Punjab under
emergency powers, analyze the implications on civil liberties and governance in India. (150
words/10 m)
7. PM inaugurates Abu Dhabi’s first Hindu stone temple
Topic: GS2 – International relations – Bilateral relations Relevant for UPSC: Reflects
diplomatic ties, cultural exchanges, and India’s soft power; explores global unity and
communal harmony.
Context
Prime Minister Modi inaugurated Abu Dhabi’s first Hindu stone temple, highlighting
cultural ties, thanking UAE leadership, and promoting global unity and communal
harmony.
Horseshoe crabs are not true crabs but marine arthropods related to spiders
and scorpions. Fossils of their ancestors date back 450 million years, making
them among the oldest living creatures on Earth.
The petition, led by 23 conservation groups, aims to protect these ancient creatures
from further decline.
CRISIL advocates guaranteeing Minimum Support Price (MSP) for all crops
to boost farm incomes and stimulate consumption demand in India.
The estimated “real cost” of this MSP guarantee is ₹21,000 crore for
Marketing Year (MY) 2023.
Currently, MSP-based procurement is limited to a few states, but CRISIL
predicts benefits reaching other regions.
Analysis focuses on 16 of the 23 crops with announced MSPs, representing
over 90% of India’s farm output.
CRISIL emphasizes the potential for cash support to farmers during price
downturns and the freedom to choose crops.
Meaningful procurement mainly occurs in paddy and wheat, constituting
60% of India’s crop produce.
Limited procurement in crops like mustard may see a shift if MSP is guaranteed
for all crops.
Current Issues:
Limited coverage: Only a few crops covered, excluding many important ones like
fruits & vegetables.
Inadequate procurement: Government often falls short of its procurement targets,
leaving farmers vulnerable.
Market distortion: Can create artificial price floors, impacting market equilibrium
and consumer affordability.
Fiscal burden: High procurement costs strain government finances, limiting funds for
other investments.
Alternative income avenues: Limited focus on promoting alternative income sources
for farmers beyond production.
Way Forward:
Expand coverage: Include more crops under MSP to provide wider protection to
farmers.
Improve procurement efficiency: Strengthen infrastructure and streamline processes
to ensure effective procurement.
Market-oriented MSP: Shift towards flexible MSP based on market demand and cost
of production.
Direct income support: Explore alternatives like direct income support schemes to
supplement incomes.
Promote alternate income sources: Invest in skill development, value addition, and
agri-marketing to diversify income streams.
Stakeholder dialogue: Encourage open dialogue between farmers, government, and
market players to find sustainable solutions.
PYQ: What do you mean by Minimum Support Price (MSP)? How will MSP rescue the
farmers from the low income trap? (150 words/10m) (UPSC CSE (M) GS-3 2018)
Practice Question: In the context of Indian agriculture, analyze the potential impact of
guaranteeing Minimum Support Price (MSP) for all crops on farm incomes and economic
dynamics. (250 words/15 m)
1